Deck 1: History of Early Childhood Education

Question 1

Early childhood educators build bridges between the child's two worlds: home and school.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Early childhood is also known as the "building block years."

Answer 2

True

Question 3

During the medieval period, most children learned to read.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The Renaissance and Reformation periods saw the first call for universal education.

Question 5

John Locke's theory of individual differences states that heredity makes all the difference.

Question 6

Johann Pestalozzi proposed teaching individual children with a tutor rather than in groups.

Question 7

Friedrich Froebel coined the term "kindergarten," which means "children's garden."

Question 8

"Sabbath Schools" and midnight schools were the mainstay of education for African Americans prior to the Civil War.

Question 9

Maria Montessori started the first Italian kindergarten.

Question 10

The backbone of kindergarten practice emphasizes opportunity for independent, creative activities before academic teaching.

Question 11

The beginning of nursery schools goes back to England.

Question 12

In the mid-twentieth century, persistent black initiatives forced a reformulation of public policies in education.

Question 13

Loris Malaguzzi articulated the philosophy and practices of Reggio Emilia.

Question 14

The first education in "schools" outside the home was in Egyptian times.

Question 15

We know that there is more than "one right way" to care for children.

Question 16

Head Start was the first large-scale effort to focus on children of poverty by the American government.

Question 17

Early childhood education refers to ____.

A) the early elementary grades
B) group settings from birth to age 8
C) infant education
D) programs for children under 5

Question 18

Many American educational beliefs are founded upon those developed in ____.

A) ancient China
B) medieval England
C) Greece and Rome
D) Germany

Question 19

Comenius, who wrote the first picture book for children, also stressed ____.

A) universal literacy
B) improvement in health conditions
C) the scientific method
D) learning by doing

Question 20

John Locke, considered to be the founder of modern educational philosophy, conceived the theory of ____.

A) the scientific method
B) natural evil
C) tabula rasa
D) inherited genes

Question 21

Choose the statement that best applies to John Locke.

A) educational theory based on the scientific method
B) author of the first picture book for children
C) first physician in Italy

Question 22

Jean Jacques Rousseau suggested that schools ought to be ____.

A) more structured
B) less restrained
C) more abstract
D) less training oriented

Question 23

Johann Pestalozzi helped develop some classic principles of education including ____.

A) the integrated curriculum
B) learning Latin and Greek
C) teaching math
D) learning symbols

Question 24

Friedrich Froebel, the father of kindergarten, developed an educational system that ____.

A) trained parents
B) used educational toys or gifts
C) used books in class
D) raised children to adulthood

Question 25

Rudolf Steiner was ____.

A) an Austrian philosopher
B) the philosopher who brought Montessori education to the United States
C) a Puritan who advocated literacy for all
D) a Swiss educator

Question 26

Lucy Sprague Mitchell helped sponsor which of the following?

A) the first American kindergarten
B) WPA nurseries
C) children's literature workshops
D) Daughters of the American Revolution (D.A.R.)

Question 27

Margaret McMillan ____.

A) advocated children being protected from the elements
B) saw the importance of fresh air, sleep and bathing
C) worked with her mother Sarah to found Deptford School
D) taught reading to Australian children

Question 28

Strong kinship networks are themes among ____.

A) European Americans
B) Canadians
C) African Americans
D) all of the above

Question 29

The first large-scale effort to focus on children of poverty in America was ____.

A) the Renaissance
B) Head Start
C) the Montessori method
D) Rousseau's children's garden

Question 30

Four aspects of a sense of professionalism are ____.

A) prestige, identity, career ladder, pay
B) identity, literacy, career ladder, child's interests
C) identity, engaging in developmentally appropriate practices, high pay, enjoyment of children
D) identity, engaging in developmentally appropriate practices, commitment to ethical teaching, participation in work as a legitimate livelihood

Question 31

Which of the following questions most helps you reflect on your early childhood?

A) What did your parents do for a living?
B) What expectations did your culture have for young children?
C) What kinds of clothes did you wear to school?
D) Did everyone in your neighborhood go to preschool?

Question 32

Patty Smith Hill founded what national organization?

A) National Association for Nursery Education
B) Head Start
C) Dewey Decimal System
D) Cooperative School Foundation

Question 33

Which of the following is NOT a major feature of the educational progressive philosophy?

A) Learning via rote memory is vital to children.
B) The teacher should be aware of the child's total development.
C) Teachers must be more attentive to the needs of children.
D) Children learn best when they have direct contact with the material.

Question 34

_____ asked parents to "child proof" their homes.

A) Benjamin Spock
B) T. Berry Brazelton
C) Susan Isaacs
D) Robert Owen

Question 35

Knowing something about the roots of this profession is important because it _____.

A) provides support
B) develops professional expression
C) lays the groundwork for our own philosophy
D) all of the these answers

Question 36

Two educators from the 15^th through the 17^th centuries who influenced early childhood philosophies are ________________ and _______________________.

A) Martin Luther, John Amos Comenius
B) John Amos Comenius, John Locke
C) John Locke, Jean Jacques Rousseau
D) Johann Henrich Pestalozzi, John Dewey

Question 37

Pestalozzi stressed the idea of _____.

A) Rousseau's teachings
B) integrated curriculum
C) individual lesson plans
D) none of these answers

Question 38

When we think of Froebel, we think of _____

A) father of Kindergarten
B) gifts and occupations
C) teacher as gardener
D) All of these are correct.

Question 39

Name the three major points of Head Start: _____, _____, and _____.

A) health education, parent involvement, small group instruction
B) parent involvement, academics, large groups
C) academics, large groups, school readiness

Question 40

Marian Wright Edelman is our most recent _____.

A) philosopher
B) theorist
C) advocate
D) educator

Question 41

Montessori's contributions to early childhood education include _____, _____, and _____.

A) academics, practical life, fine motor activities
B) respect, sensorial materials, gross motor activities
C) sequential steps of learning, prepared environment, self-correcting materials
D) All of these are correct.

Question 42

Nontraditional perspectives in the United States include ideas of _____, _____, and _____.

A) Dewey, Eliot, Hill
B) Montessori, Froebel, Dewey
C) Dewey, Schurz, Froebel
D) Montessori, Peabody, Hill

Question 43

Dewey is best known for _____.

A) group teaching
B) child centered classrooms
C) rigid schedules
D) none of these answers

Question 44

Match the contribution to early childhood education with the educator.

-Froebel

A) Children's Defense Fund
B) Father of kindergarten
C) Advocate of Reggio Emilia
D) The prepared environment
E) American progressive education

Question 45

Match the contribution to early childhood education with the educator.

-Montessori

A) Children's Defense Fund
B) Father of kindergarten
C) Advocate of Reggio Emilia
D) The prepared environment
E) American progressive education

Question 46

Match the contribution to early childhood education with the educator.

-Dewey

A) Children's Defense Fund
B) Father of kindergarten
C) Advocate of Reggio Emilia
D) The prepared environment
E) American progressive education

Question 47

Match the contribution to early childhood education with the educator.

-Malaguzzi

A) Children's Defense Fund
B) Father of kindergarten
C) Advocate of Reggio Emilia
D) The prepared environment
E) American progressive education

Question 48

Match the contribution to early childhood education with the educator.

-Edelman

A) Children's Defense Fund
B) Father of kindergarten
C) Advocate of Reggio Emilia
D) The prepared environment
E) American progressive education

Question 49

Match the time period with the correct educator.

-Comenius

A) Mid-1800s
B) Late 1700s
C) Mid-1700s
D) Mid-1600s
E) Early 1600s

Question 50

Match the time period with the correct educator.

-Pestalozzi

A) Mid-1800s
B) Late 1700s
C) Mid-1700s
D) Mid-1600s
E) Early 1600s

Question 51

Match the time period with the correct educator.

-Rousseau

A) Mid-1800s
B) Late 1700s
C) Mid-1700s
D) Mid-1600s
E) Early 1600s

Question 52

Match the time period with the correct educator.

-Froebel

A) Mid-1800s
B) Late 1700s
C) Mid-1700s
D) Mid-1600s
E) Early 1600s

Question 53

Match the time period with the correct educator.

-Locke

A) Mid-1800s
B) Late 1700s
C) Mid-1700s
D) Mid-1600s
E) Early 1600s

Question 54

Match the component with the appropriate program.

-Reggio Emilia

A) Compensatory education
B) Self-correcting materials
C) Education to fulfill one's destiny
D) Creative, child-centered curriculum
E) Multi-age/vertical groupings

Question 55

Match the component with the appropriate program.

-Head Start

A) Compensatory education
B) Self-correcting materials
C) Education to fulfill one's destiny
D) Creative, child-centered curriculum
E) Multi-age/vertical groupings

Question 56

Match the component with the appropriate program.

-Montessori

A) Compensatory education
B) Self-correcting materials
C) Education to fulfill one's destiny
D) Creative, child-centered curriculum
E) Multi-age/vertical groupings

Question 57

Match the component with the appropriate program.

-British Infant School

A) Compensatory education
B) Self-correcting materials
C) Education to fulfill one's destiny
D) Creative, child-centered curriculum
E) Multi-age/vertical groupings

Question 58

Match the component with the appropriate program.

-Waldorf

A) Compensatory education
B) Self-correcting materials
C) Education to fulfill one's destiny
D) Creative, child-centered curriculum
E) Multi-age/vertical groupings

Question 59

Match the woman with her legacy to the field.

-Founded U.S. Children's Defense Fund

A) McMillan sisters
B) Lucy Sprague Mitchell
C) Patty Smith Hill
D) Maria Montessori
E) Marian Wright Edelman

Question 60

Match the woman with her legacy to the field.

-Founder of American kindergarten

A) McMillan sisters
B) Lucy Sprague Mitchell
C) Patty Smith Hill
D) Maria Montessori
E) Marian Wright Edelman

Question 61

Match the woman with her legacy to the field.

-Pioneers of health education

A) McMillan sisters
B) Lucy Sprague Mitchell
C) Patty Smith Hill
D) Maria Montessori
E) Marian Wright Edelman

Question 62

Match the woman with her legacy to the field.

-Founder of National Association for Nursery Educators

A) McMillan sisters
B) Lucy Sprague Mitchell
C) Patty Smith Hill
D) Maria Montessori
E) Marian Wright Edelman

Question 63

Match the woman with her legacy to the field.

-Champion of sequential steps of learning

A) McMillan sisters
B) Lucy Sprague Mitchell
C) Patty Smith Hill
D) Maria Montessori
E) Marian Wright Edelman

Question 64

Match the word with the correct definition.

-Teaching methods geared to the developmental level of the child

A) Child-centered
B) Self-correcting
C) Play
D) Developmentally appropriate practices
E) Children's garden

Question 65

Match the word with the correct definition.

-Materials built so a person can automatically correct errors

A) Child-centered
B) Self-correcting
C) Play
D) Developmentally appropriate practices
E) Children's garden

Question 66

Match the word with the correct definition.

-Children's interests are primary in the program

A) Child-centered
B) Self-correcting
C) Play
D) Developmentally appropriate practices
E) Children's garden

Question 67

Match the word with the correct definition.

-Another name for kindergarten

A) Child-centered
B) Self-correcting
C) Play
D) Developmentally appropriate practices
E) Children's garden

Question 68

Match the word with the correct definition.

-Self-initiated behavior intended to inform, amuse, and engage

A) Child-centered
B) Self-correcting
C) Play
D) Developmentally appropriate practices
E) Children's garden

Question 69

Match the person(s) with the appropriate phrase.

-"Casa dei bambini"

A) African-American slaves
B) John Amos Comenius
C) Friedrich Wilhelm Froebel
D) Maria Montessori
E) McMillan sisters

Question 70

Match the person(s) with the appropriate phrase.

-"Nurture school"

A) African-American slaves
B) John Amos Comenius
C) Friedrich Wilhelm Froebel
D) Maria Montessori
E) McMillan sisters

Question 71

Match the person(s) with the appropriate phrase.

-"Children's garden"

A) African-American slaves
B) John Amos Comenius
C) Friedrich Wilhelm Froebel
D) Maria Montessori
E) McMillan sisters

Question 72

Match the person(s) with the appropriate phrase.

-"Orbis pictus"

A) African-American slaves
B) John Amos Comenius
C) Friedrich Wilhelm Froebel
D) Maria Montessori
E) McMillan sisters

Question 73

Match the person(s) with the appropriate phrase.

-"Sabbath schools"

A) African-American slaves
B) John Amos Comenius
C) Friedrich Wilhelm Froebel
D) Maria Montessori
E) McMillan sisters

Question 74

Match the medical doctor with the appropriate early childhood influence.

-Children pass through "sensitive periods"

A) Montessori
B) Freud
C) Gesell
D) Spock
E) Brazelton

Question 75

Match the medical doctor with the appropriate early childhood influence.

-Neonatal behavior-assessment scale

A) Montessori
B) Freud
C) Gesell
D) Spock
E) Brazelton

Question 76

Match the medical doctor with the appropriate early childhood influence.

-Commonsense "how-to" approach to child rearing

A) Montessori
B) Freud
C) Gesell
D) Spock
E) Brazelton

Question 77

Match the medical doctor with the appropriate early childhood influence.

-Maturation is an innate force in development

A) Montessori
B) Freud
C) Gesell
D) Spock
E) Brazelton

Question 78

Match the medical doctor with the appropriate early childhood influence.

-Early experiences shape adult behavior

A) Montessori
B) Freud
C) Gesell
D) Spock
E) Brazelton

Question 79

Match the educator or movement with their contribution to ECE.

-Total community response to children

A) McMillan sisters
B) Susan Isaacs
C) Progressive education
D) Waldorf School
E) Child study movement
F) British Infant School
G) Reggio Emilia

Question 80

Match the educator or movement with their contribution to ECE.

-Family groupings and integrated day

A) McMillan sisters
B) Susan Isaacs
C) Progressive education
D) Waldorf School
E) Child study movement
F) British Infant School
G) Reggio Emilia