Deck 8: Appraising Quantitative Research Design

Question 1

A set of logically interrelated propositions is associated with which of the following?

A) Schematic model
B) Conceptual model
C) Classical theory
D) Descriptive theory

Answer 1

Classical theory

Question 2

The power of theories lies in their ability to do which of the following?

A) Explain large segments of human experience
B) Minimize the number of words required to explain phenomena and, thereby, eliminate semantic problems
C) Prove conclusively that relationships exist among the phenomena studied
D) Articulate the nature of relationships among phenomena

Answer 2

Articulate the nature of relationships among phenomena

Question 3

The building blocks of theory are which of the following?

A) Frameworks
B) Relationships
C) Concepts
D) Hypotheses

Answer 3

Concepts

Question 4

Every study has which of the following?

A) Theory
B) Schematic model
C) Framework
D) Conceptual model

Question 5

Which of the following is true of both theories and conceptual models?

A) They are invented or created, not discovered.
B) They need to be borrowed from other disciplines for nursing studies.
C) They contain a set of logically interrelated propositions.
D) They are different words for exactly the same thing.

Question 6

The Health Promotion Model would best be described as which of the following?

A) Descriptive theory
B) Borrowed theory
C) Grounded theory
D) Middle-range theory

Question 7

The nurse-theorist Roy developed which of the following?

A) Uncertainty in Illness Model
B) Health Promotion Model
C) Adaptation Model
D) Theory of Stress and Coping

Question 8

The nurse-theorist Pender developed which of the following?

A) Adaptation Model
B) Social Cognitive Theory
C) Health Belief Model
D) Health Promotion Model

Question 9

The nurse-theorist Mishel developed which of the following?

A) Uncertainty in Illness Theory
B) Health Promotion Model
C) Adaptation Model
D) Transtheoretical Model

Question 10

The Theory of Stress and Coping is an example of which of the following?

A) A nursing model
B) A grand theory
C) A borrowed theory
D) A grounded theory

Question 11

Self efficacy is a widely-used construct that was originally developed within which of the following?

A) The Health Belief Model
B) The Health Promotion Model
C) Social Cognitive Theory
D) The Uncertainty in Illness Theory

Question 12

Stages of change is a construct that was developed within which of the following?

A) The Health Belief Model
B) The Transtheoretical Model
C) Health as Expanding Consciousness Model
D) The Theory of Planned Behavior

Question 13

A grounded theory often has as a theoretical underpinning which of the following?

A) An ideational theory
B) Symbolic interactionism
C) Phenomenology
D) The Theory of Human Becoming

Question 14

The belief that a child with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder will learn appropriate behaviors from continued positive reinforcement of acceptable behavior patterns can generate a research hypothesis. This generalization of the relationship between phenomena is known as which of the following?

A) Null Hypothesis
B) Theory
C) Model
D) Framework

Question 15

The connection of phenomena through a loosely structured approach not directly linking them in a logically deductive manner is which of the following?

A) Middle range theory
B) Theoretical framework
C) Conceptual model
D) Research question

Question 16

Identify the type of research that often fails to formally acknowledge the conceptual underpinnings or framework of the study since it is not necessarily part of the research tradition.

A) Quantitative research
B) Qualitative research
C) Pilot study
D) Mixed method research

Question 17

Which of the following concepts are central to nursing models? Select all that apply.

A) Human beings
B) Environment
C) Health
D) Nutrition

Question 18

Research on the recovery process of young adults following post-traumatic amputation of a lower extremity would best be furthered by using which of the following conceptual models of nursing?

A) Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory
B) Prochaska's Transtheoretical Model
C) Becker's Health Belief Model
D) Sister Callista Roy's Adaptation Model

Question 19

Which of the following is a non-nursing conceptual model frequently used in nursing research and can be considered a shared theory?

A) Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory
B) Pender's Health Promotion Model
C) Mishel's Uncertainty in Illness Theory
D) Beck's Theory of Postpartum Depression

Question 20

Which of the following are overall objectives of the use of theories in research? Select all that apply.

A) To provide a mechanism for deducing hypotheses
B) To stimulate new research
C) To explain relationships among phenomena
D) To determine the research design and methods of data collection

Question 21

Conceptual models of nursing are used by nurse researchers as an inspiration in formulating research questions and directing research hypotheses. Some of the concepts that form these models include which of the following? Select all that apply.

A) Health promotion
B) Unified whole
C) Adaptation
D) Self-efficacy

Question 22

Theories are created and invented as opposed to being discovered. Theories are built inductively from which of the following?

A) Observations
B) Correlations
C) Research questions
D) Research problems

Question 23

Visual representation of the relationships among phenomena used in both quantitative and qualitative research is known as which of the following?

A) Descriptive theory
B) Framework
C) Shared theory
D) Conceptual map

Question 24

The five stages of change of the Transtheoretical Model include which of the following? Select all that apply.

A) Precontemplation
B) Action
C) Evaluation
D) Maintenance

Question 25

Which of the following theories are usually adopted by ethnographers in the conduction of qualitative research? Select all that apply.

A) Ideational theories
B) Materialistic theories
C) Substantive theories
D) Preexisting theories

Question 26

Lazarus and Folkman's Theory of Stress and Coping has been used in nursing research to correlate the relationship between stress and anxiety in primary caregivers of patients with dementia. This is an example of which of the following?

A) Conceptual model
B) Framework
C) Shared theory
D) Grounded theory

Question 27

Nursing theories that are more restricted in their generality and set out to explain a smaller focus of the human experience are known as which of the following?

A) Grand theories
B) Middle-range theories
C) Classical theories
D) Propositions