Question 1

Which objective will help achieve the Healthy People 2020 goal of improving the health and well-being of maternal, infant, and child health?&#10;A) Increase the number of wellness checkups&#10;B) Increase education achievement&#10;C) Increase interventions for those with poor quality of sleep&#10;D) Increase abstinence from alcohol among pregnant females

Accepted Answer

Abstaining from alcohol among pregnant females is an objective to meet the Healthy People 2020 goal of improving the health and well-being of maternal, infant, and child health. Increasing the number of wellness checkups and education achievement are objectives to meet the Healthy People 2020 goal of improving adolescent health. Reducing the proportion of children who have poor quality of sleep is an objective to meet the Healthy People 2020 goal of improving the health of early and middle childhood.

Question 2

Which is an expected fine-motor-movement finding for an 18-month-old child?&#10;A) Kicks&#10;B) Runs&#10;C) Feeds self&#10;D) Walks up steps

Accepted Answer

An expected fine motor movement skill in an 18-month-old child is the ability to feed self. Kicking, running, and walking up steps are expected gross motor skills in an 18-month-old child.

Question 3

At which age should the Snellen chart with letters be used to assess a child's vision?&#10;A) 3 years&#10;B) 4 years&#10;C) 8 years&#10;D) 24 months

Accepted Answer

The Snellen chart using letters should be used to assess vision at school age. A chart using pictures would be used for preschool age (3 years and 4 years) children. A Snellen chart would not be used to assess vision for a 24-month-old child.

Question 4

Which term would be used to document a child who makes a short, deep, hoarse sound during exhalation?&#10;A) Stridor&#10;B) Dyspnea&#10;C) Grunting&#10;D) Orthopnea

Accepted Answer

Grunting is an abnormal, short, deep, hoarse sound made during exhalation. Stridor is a high-pitched crowing sound made upon inspiration. Dyspnea is difficulty breathing. Orthopnea is the need to sit up to breathe.

Question 5

Which health problem would a nurse consider to be the cause of a pediatric patient having a systolic regurgitation murmur that sounds like a breath sound?&#10;A) Venus hum&#10;B) Aortic stenosis&#10;C) Atrial septal defect&#10;D) Mitral insufficiency

Accepted Answer

Mitral insufficiency causes a systolic regurgitation murmur that sounds like a breath sound. A venous hum causes a continuous diastolic murmur. Aortic stenosis causes a systolic obstructive murmur that is coarse and loud. An atrial septal defect causes a diastolic flow murmur.

Question 6

Which abdominal bulge in a toddler would a nurse anticipate gradually disappearing?&#10;A) Pyloric tumor&#10;B) Diastasis recti&#10;C) Inguinal hernia&#10;D) Umbilical hernia

Accepted Answer

Diastasis recti is the separation of the two rectus abdominis muscles from under the breast to the pubic area. A ridge-like bulge appears when the child is seated, and this bulge will gradually disappear. A pyloric tumor needs surgical removal. An inguinal hernia and umbilical hernia may need surgical correction if either one causes pain.

Question 7

For which assessment finding would a nurse suspect a lower motor neuron lesion in a child?&#10;A) Muscle spasticity&#10;B) Impaired sensation&#10;C) Hyperactive reflexes&#10;D) Impaired coordination

Accepted Answer

Impaired sensation is a sign of a lower motor neuron lesion. Muscle spasticity indicates an upper motor neuron lesion, particularly a pyramidal problem. Hyperactive reflexes indicate an upper motor neuron lesion, which is also caused by a pyramidal problem. Impaired coordination indicates an upper motor neuron lesion affecting the cerebellum.

Question 8

Which abnormal movement would a nurse expect in a child with cerebral palsy?&#10;A) Tic&#10;B) Dystonia&#10;C) Athetosis&#10;D) Myoclonus

Accepted Answer

Athetosis is a writing movement that is associated with cerebral palsy. A tic is a repetitive movement without purpose or a series of vocalizations. Dystonia is involuntary posturing in unusual positions. Myoclonus is a quick nonrhythmic muscle contraction.

Question 9

Which term would a nurse use to describe an adolescent patient who responds to questions with words that rhyme?&#10;A) Clanging&#10;B) Echolalia&#10;C) Neologism&#10;D) Flight of ideas

Accepted Answer

Clanging is using words that are based on sounds and not meaning, and they would rhyme. Echolalia is mocking or repeating other people's words. Neologism is the invention of new words with no real meaning. Flight of ideas is rapidly skipping from topic to topic.

Question 10

Why would a nurse anticipate providing information about menarche within 2 years to a 12-year-old patient?&#10;A) Growth spurt&#10;B) Growth of breasts&#10;C) Development of pubic hair&#10;D) Development of axillary hair

Accepted Answer

In female sexual maturity, menarche generally occurs 2 years after the beginning of breast development. A growth spurt is not associated with menarche. Pubic hair develops between ages 11½ to 14; however, it is not associated with menarche. Axillary hair develops 2 years after pubic hair appears but is not associated with menarche.

Deck 7: Health Screening and Counseling From Birth to Age 21