Question 1

What is the most common chronic pediatric illness?&#10;A) Cancer&#10;B) Pneumonia&#10;C) Asthma&#10;D) Flu

Accepted Answer

Asthma is the most chronic pediatric illness. Asthma affects over 6.2 million U.S. children and their families.

Question 2

According to the World Health Organization, how many people are affected by Asthma?&#10;A) 235 million&#10;B) 250 million&#10;C) 240 million&#10;D) 255 million

Accepted Answer

According to the WHO, asthma affects more than 235 million people of all ages. Asthma occurs in all countries and over 80% of low-income countries.

Question 3

Which is not a physical factor that contributes to asthma severity in children as opposed to the physiology of adults?&#10;A) Larger tongue&#10;B) More alveoli and collateral channels of ventilation&#10;C) Smaller airways due to nose breathing&#10;D) Less elastic recoil

Accepted Answer

Children have fewer alveoli and collateral channels of ventilation, which has a negative effect on respiratory function. The respiratory muscles are also not as strong or efficient and have less endurance in children than adults. This is especially significant during exercise.

Question 4

The classification of asthma is based on the frequency of events in which of the following categories? Select all that apply.&#10;A) Asthma symptoms&#10;B) Lung function&#10;C) Exacerbations&#10;D) Exercise

Accepted Answer

The classification of asthma is based on the frequency of events in the following categories: (1) asthma symptoms, (2) nighttime awakenings, (3) short-acting beta agonists, (4) interference with activities, (5) lung function, and (6) exacerbations. Exercise is not a classification of asthma.

Question 5

What percentage of asthma in children is considered to be severe?&#10;A) 10%&#10;B) 20%&#10;C) 30%&#10;D) 40%

Accepted Answer

About 10% of asthma in children is considered severe.

Question 6

Asthma is characterized by an underlying inflammatory process. Inflammation may be mediated and increased by the presence of which of the following?&#10;A) Platelet-activating factor (PAF)&#10;B) Immunoglobulins&#10;C) Prostaglandins&#10;D) Cytokines

Accepted Answer

Inflammation may be mediated and increased by the presence of platelet-activating factor (PAF), and also causes bronchoconstriction. PAF initiates the inflammatory response in the bronchioles.

Question 7

Which is not an environmental asthma trigger?&#10;A) Smoking&#10;B) Poor air quality&#10;C) Mold&#10;D) Warm weather

Accepted Answer

Cigarette smoke, inhaled allergens such as pollution, and mold are all environmental asthma triggers. Cold weather can be an environmental trigger for a child; however, warm weather is not a trigger. Warm weather does bring pollen and other allergens.

Question 8

Which symptom is a hallmark objective finding of asthma?&#10;A) Sneezing&#10;B) Wheezing&#10;C) Coughing&#10;D) Headache

Accepted Answer

Wheezing is a hallmark objective finding of asthma. Wheezing may also be caused by inflammation or another agent, not specifically asthma. Wheezing is a result of an obstructed airway lumen that opens during inspiration and closes during exhalation. The airway closes and becomes smaller, which results in vibration sounds in the walls of the airways.

Question 9

Which test is performed to measure lung function?&#10;A) Graded exercise test (GXT)&#10;B) Pulmonary function tests&#10;C) Chest x-ray&#10;D) Stress test

Accepted Answer

Pulmonary function tests are performed to measure lung function. Pulmonary function tests measure the forced expiratory volume (FEV) and the decreased forced vital capacity (FVC) caused by diminished expiration outflow from asthma.

Question 10

What measurements are a simple, inexpensive, and noninvasive way to monitor a child's asthma management?&#10;A) Chest x-ray&#10;B) Forced expiratory volume (FEV)&#10;C) Peak flow&#10;D) Forced vital capacity (FVC)

Accepted Answer

Peak flow measurements are a simple, inexpensive, and noninvasive way to monitor a child's asthma management. These measurements are required, especially if the child has met all classifications and frequency symptoms.

Question 11

What is an important coping mechanism for children with asthma and their families?&#10;A) Self-management&#10;B) Medications&#10;C) Exercise&#10;D) Pulmonary function tests

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is an important coping mechanism for...

Question 12

What is the main trigger of acute asthma in children of all ages?&#10;A) Infections&#10;B) Pollen&#10;C) Mold&#10;D) Perfume

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the main trigger of acute...

Question 13

What is the first step when administering nonpharmacological intervention to children?&#10;A) Short-acting beta-adrenergic inhaler&#10;B) Peak flow&#10;C) Long-acting beta agonist (LABA)&#10;D) Low-dose inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the first step when administering...

Question 14

Which is a preferred treatment for an acute attack and/or exacerbation of asthma?&#10;A) Short-acting beta-adrenergic inhaler&#10;B) Short-acting beta agonists (SABA)&#10;C) Long-acting beta agonists (LABA)&#10;D) Inhaled corticosteroids

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which is a preferred treatment for an...

Question 15

In what zone of asthma management is the peak flow between 50% and 80%?&#10;A) Green&#10;B) Blue&#10;C) Red&#10;D) Yellow

Accepted Answer

The answer of In what zone of asthma management is...

Deck 14: Asthma