Question 1

What is the annual U.S. incidence of MI?&#10;A) 1.2 million&#10;B) 1 million&#10;C) 1.5 million&#10;D) 2 million

Accepted Answer

The annual U.S. incidence of myocardial infarction (MI) is 1.5 million. This number continues to increase as well as the number of MI deaths.

Question 2

Myocardial infarction (MI) is defined as:&#10;A) Tissue death&#10;B) Loss of living heart muscle&#10;C) Stenosis&#10;D) Mortality

Accepted Answer

Myocardial infarction (MI) is defined as the loss of living heart muscle as a result of total coronary artery occlusion. Myocardial infarction is also another term for heart attack.

Question 3

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCD) is caused by what?&#10;A) Tissue death&#10;B) Loss of living heart muscle&#10;C) Stenosis&#10;D) Plaque buildup in arterial walls

Accepted Answer

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCD) is caused by plaque buildup in arterial walls. This occurs especially in coronary arteries and can lead to angina (chest pain), MI, coronary artery disease (CAD), and coronary artery stenosis.

Question 4

Which risk factor is not modifiable?&#10;A) Age&#10;B) Diabetes&#10;C) Smoking&#10;D) Dyslipidemia

Accepted Answer

Age is a non modifiable risk factor and cannot be controlled. Diabetes, smoking, and dyslipidemia, or abnormal amounts of lipids, are all modifiable risk factors for aging individuals at risk for myocardial infarction (MI).

Question 5

What is the term for lack of oxygenated blood supply?&#10;A) Myocardium&#10;B) Ischemia&#10;C) Hypertension&#10;D) Dyslipidemia

Accepted Answer

Ischemia is defined as a lack of oxygenated blood supply to the myocardium or the heart muscle. MI can occur from myocardial ischemia.

Question 6

What is the most common cause of myocardial infarction (MI)?&#10;A) Obstruction of the coronary arteries due to atherosclerosis&#10;B) Ischemia&#10;C) Hypertension&#10;D) Dyslipidemia

Accepted Answer

MI can occur as a result of myocardial ischemia, but the most common cause of myocardial infarction (MI) is from the obstruction of the coronary arteries due to atherosclerosis or buildup of plaque.

Question 7

Normal blood flow through arteries is not dependent on which factors?&#10;A) Blood volume&#10;B) Hypoxemia&#10;C) Lumen size&#10;D) Hypertension

Accepted Answer

How the heart muscle pumps and functions is directly dependent on normal blood flow from the coronary arteries. Normal blood flow through the coronary arteries is dependent on the volume of blood, the lumen size or size of the opening of the artery, blood viscosity, presence of thrombi, and hypoxemia (abnormally low oxygen in the blood).

Question 8

What is one of the three major classes of lipids?&#10;A) Cholesterol&#10;B) Dyslipidemia&#10;C) Atherosclerosis&#10;D) Membranes

Accepted Answer

Cholesterol is one of the three major classes of lipids. Cholesterol is manufactured by all animal cells, is the precursor of steroid hormones and bile acids, and is insoluble in water.

Question 9

ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) can be categorized as:&#10;A) Cholesterol&#10;B) Dyslipidemia&#10;C) Atherosclerosis&#10;D) Acute MI

Accepted Answer

ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) are categorized as acute MI. An ST-elevation myocardial infarction STEMI refers to a myocardial infarction that presents with an ST-segment elevation in a 12-lead ECG. A patient with an ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is at a higher risk for complications, including cardiogenic shock, arrhythmias, and cardiac arrest.

Question 10

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is responsible for how many deaths in the United States annually?&#10;A) 500,000&#10;B) 400,000&#10;C) 600,000&#10;D) 700,000

Accepted Answer

About 600,000 Americans died each year from coronary artery disease (CAD). CAD is caused by the narrowing of the artery walls and is the result of atherosclerosis.

Question 11

Which disease is responsible for reducing blood flow to the myocardium?&#10;A) Peripheral vascular disease (PVD)&#10;B) Mitral valve disease (MVD)&#10;C) Coronary microvascular disease (CMD)&#10;D) Atherosclerosis

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which disease is responsible for reducing blood...

Question 12

Which data are critical to accurate identification of a myocardial infarction (MI)?&#10;A) Subjective assessment&#10;B) Objective assessment&#10;C) Psychological assessment&#10;D) Emotional assessment

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which data are critical to accurate identification...

Question 13

In order to auscultate the heart correctly, the nurse must use which of the following to listen to precise precordial areas?&#10;A) ECG&#10;B) Stethoscope bell&#10;C) Sphygmomanometer&#10;D) Palpation

Accepted Answer

The answer of In order to auscultate the heart correctly,...

Question 14

What tool is used in the emergency department to place patients with chest pain in a risk group (low, moderate, high)?&#10;A) Graded exercise test (GXT)&#10;B) Sphygmomanometer&#10;C) HEART score&#10;D) Treadmill stress test (TST)

Accepted Answer

The answer of What tool is used in the emergency...

Question 15

Which medication is used in both acute treatment and secondary prevention of myocardial infarction (MI)?&#10;A) Nitroglycerin&#10;B) Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors&#10;C) Statin&#10;D) Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) or aspirin

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which medication is used in both acute...

Deck 5: Myocardial Infarction