Deck 19: Democracy, Anti-Imperialism, and the Economic Crisis After the First World War

Question 1

Which of the following best characterizes economic conditions immediately after World War I?

A) The wartime growth of industry and expansion of agriculture made the transition to a peacetime economy quite easy.
B) Careful government planning enabled most of the European countries to make a relatively painless transition to peacetime conditions.
C) Both victors and vanquished suffered a sharp economic depression.
D) The Allies' economies did well, but the defeated European states experienced more severe difficulties.

Answer 1

Both victors and vanquished suffered a sharp economic depression.

Question 2

Once the Kaiser fled in November 1918, the leadership of Germany and of the new republic was mainly in the hands of the

A) Spartacists.
B) Social Democrats.
C) Catholic Center party.
D) conservatives.

Answer 2

Social Democrats.

Question 3

One reason the German Revolution of 1918 failed to take a radical turn like the Bolshevik Revolution of October 1917 was because

A) the Social Democrats who took power were revisionist Marxists and essentially conservative.
B) Germany faced no severe economic problems in 1919-1919.
C) Lenin refused to help the left-wing socialists and revolutionaries.
D) Germans had no major political grievances in 1918-1919.

Answer 3

the Social Democrats who took power were revisionist Marxists and essentially conservative.

Question 4

The ruinous inflation in Germany which took place at the time of the French occupation of the Ruhr in 1923 resulted in

A) a social revolution far greater than the one brought about by the fall of the Hohenzollern empire.
B) the pauperization of the middle class.
C) a moral void and a loss of faith in society itself.
D) all of the choices are correct.

Question 5

The Dawes Plan of 1924

A) reduced German reparations payments.
B) condemned recourse to war as an instrument of national policy.
C) guaranteed the Czechoslovak-German border.
D) made minor alterations in the German-Polish border.

Question 6

As a result of the Locarno treaties of 1925,

A) Germany guaranteed the borders of France and Belgium.
B) Germany guaranteed the borders of Poland and Czechoslovakia.
C) Britain guaranteed the borders of Poland and Czechoslovakia.
D) France guaranteed the borders of the diktat.

Question 7

The 1928 Kellogg-Briand treaty strengthened international harmony by committing sixty-five nations _to

A) a cooling-off period before waging war.
B) renounce war as an instrument of national policy.
C) consult with the League of Nations before waging war.
D) agree to abide by League decisions on matters in dispute.

Question 8

Under Mustapha Kemal, Turkey became a modern national state, carrying out all of the following reforms except

A) separating church and state.
B) adopting the Swiss Code, which was derived from the Napoleonic Code.
C) requiring all Turkish men to wear the fez as a symbol of modernity.
D) adopting a western alphabet.

Question 9

One of Gandhi's tactics in his struggle to free India from British rule was

A) terrorism.
B) attempting to gain a majority in the partially representative institutions introduced by the British.
C) boycotting British-made goods.
D) encouraging Indian-owned industrial production.

Question 10

India's struggle for independence concluded with the

A) partition of the subcontinent between Buddhists and Hindus.
B) partition of the subcontinent between Hindus and Muslims.
C) triumph of the Marxists over the nationalists.
D) nominal confederation of India and Pakistan under the British monarch as head of state.

Question 11

During World War I, German concessions in China were seized by

A) the United States.
B) Russia.
C) Japan.
D) Britain.

Question 12

The Chinese Red Army was formed when

A) outside powers extended diplomatic recognition to Mao Zedong's leadership.
B) Chiang Kai-shek made alliances with the Communists.
C) Chiang Kai-shek resumed his northern offensive.
D) Chiang Kai-shek purged Communists and Russian advisors from the Kuomindang.

Question 13

The League of Nations failed to enact military sanctions against Japan for its invasion of Manchuria and aggression against China because

A) the Great Powers saw no immediate threat to their security.
B) the various members were preoccupied with internal problems.
C) Japan accepted a compromise and allowed Manchuria to remain autonomous.
D) A and B

Question 14

All of the following causes contributed to the Great Depression of the 1930s except

A)the wages of laboring people lagged during the prosperity of the 1920s, undermining the strength of consumer purchasing power.
B) overproduction of agricultural goods in the twenties led to a chronic agricultural depression.
C) excessive speculation on the stock market, fueled by easy credit, ended in a disastrous crash in 1929.
D) Germany refused to pay its reparations, triggering several bank failures, and contributing to the 1929 stock market crash.

Question 15

The United States aggravated the worldwide depression by

A) denying its former wartime Allies the right to float bonds, or obtain new loans, in the American . securities market after the Allies had defaulted on their debt payments to the U.S.
B) allowing the wartime Allies to default on their debts.
C) enacting unprecedented tariff barriers.
D) creating an imperial tariff union.

Question 16

To what extent did democracy triumph during the 1920s? What problems did it face, particularly in eastern Europe? Where did it fail?

Question 17

Describe and evaluate the diplomatic efforts made during the 1920s to resolve post-war European tensions.

Question 18

Despite international humiliations and economic disasters, and unlike Russia and Italy, Germany avoided a revolution and attained a degree of stability as a democracy after the end of World War I. How was this possible?

Question 19

What caused the Great Depression of the 1930s?

Question 20

How did Europe attempt to counter and remedy the effects of the Great Depression? How successful were these policies?

Question 21

Compare and contrast the anti-imperialist movements in India and China during the 1920s and 1930s.

Question 22

Compare the impact of socialism and Marxism in Europe to their impact in Asia. Where, in your opinion, were they more influential?

Question 23

How did the new eastern European states attempt to modernize themselves? How successful were they?

Question 24

How democratic was the Weimar Republic?

Question 25

In what ways did inflation bring a social revolution to Germany?

Question 26

How did the Russian Revolution stimulate anti-imperialism in Asia?

Question 27

In what ways did the Young Turks and Mustapha Kemal transform Turkish society?

Question 28

What were the main currents of the cultural reaction to the Great Depression?

Question 29

How did economic nationalism, one of the most marked responses to the Great Depression, impact the world market?