Deck 16: Adult Nutrition

Question 1

Caloric intake in men has been estimated to decrease by _____% between the ages of 30 and 80 due to a lowered metabolic rate and decreased activity.

A)15
B)22
C)31
D)46
E)53

Answer 1

B

Question 2

To lose one pound per week,a person would need to eat _____ fewer Calories per day.

A)250
B)300
C)450
D)500
E)1,000

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which of the following would NOT be considered a stage in the continuum of nutritional health?

A)Resilient and healthy
B)Altered substrate availability
C)Specific signs and symptoms
D)Clinical condition
E)Terminal illness

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Potential health benefits of vegetarian diets include which of the following?

A)Lower rates of osteoporosis
B)Later onset of menopause
C)Decreased risk of cancers
D)All of the above
E)None of the above

Question 5

Chronic conditions with MODIFIABLE risk factors include which of the following?

A)Heart disease
B)Cancer
C)Stroke
D)Diabetes
E)All of the above

Question 6

The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range for total fat intake is _____ of Calories.

A)10-15%
B)15-20%
C)20-35%
D)35-40%
E)40-50%

Question 7

The Mifflin-St.Jeor energy estimation formula calculates energy expenditures using _____.

A)gender,age,weight,and height
B)gender,age,activity level,and disease status
C)gender,age,body frame size,and activity level
D)gender,weight,age,and food intake.

Question 8

The most variable component of energy expenditure is:

A)the thermic effect of food.
B)basal metabolic rate.
C)activity thermogenesis.
D)expenditures during sleep.
E)bone mass.

Question 9

The decline in estrogen production in women after menopause leads to all of the following EXCEPT:

A)more acne.
B)accelerated loss of bone mass.
C)an increase in abdominal fat.
D)greater risk of cardiovascular disease.
E)All of the above occur with less estrogen.

Question 10

Adults consume approximately _____ calories per day from beverages.

A)100
B)250
C)400
D)500
E)650

Question 11

A simple calculation used to give you a "ballpark" Calorie level for weight maintenance is to multiply your body weight in pounds by the number _____

A)13
B)15
C)17
D)25
E)30

Question 12

The number of Calories considered equivalent to 1 lb body weight is _____.

A)2500
B)3000
C)3500
D)3700

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a subdivision of adulthood?

A)Early adulthood
B)Midlife
C)Later adulthood
D)Old age

Question 14

A priority of national public health goals related directly to nutrition is _____.

A)decreasing smoking
B)decreasing obesity
C)improving body composition
D)decreasing polyunsaturated fat intakes

Question 15

For routine physical activity in adults which hydration fluid is recommended?

A)Sports drinks
B)Energy drinks
C)Caffeinated beverages
D)Water
E)All of the above

Question 16

If someone is following a vegan diet,he or she consumes:

A)no animal foods of any kind.
B)eggs,but no other animal foods.
C)dairy,but no other animal foods.
D)no "red" meat.
E)fruit only.

Question 17

Research indicates that the caloric intakes _____ with age if innate physiological energy intake mechanisms are not superseded by environmental factors.

A)decline
B)stay the same
C)increase
D)increase for men and decreases for women

Question 18

Based on the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges,someone that consumes 2000 Calories per day should aim for _____ fat Calories/day.

A)200-400
B)400-700
C)600-900
D)1000-1200

Question 19

Metabolic rate and energy expenditure begin to decline in early adulthood at a rate of about _____ per decade for women and _____ per decade for men.

A)2.0%,2.9%
B)5.0%,5.9%
C)8.0%,8.0%
D)5.9%,5.0%
E)2.9%,2.0%

Question 20

A carcinogenic diet is a diet that is low in all of the following EXCEPT:

A)fruits and vegetables.
B)antioxidants (vitamins A and C).
C)whole grains and fiber.
D)plant-based foods.
E)dietary fat.

Question 21

At perimenopause many women begin to take _____ to prevent bone loss.

A)vitamin K
B)calcium
C)vitamin D
D)a and b
E)b and c

Question 22

An alcoholic drink contains roughly _____ grams of alcohol or 0.5 oz of ethanol.

A)2-5
B)6-8
C)9-11
D)13-15
E)17-21

Question 23

The Food and Nutrition Board defines the adequate intake (AI)level for water based on the median total water intake (food and fluids).For men this is:

A)1 milliliter per kg per day
B)25 ounces per day
C)2.7 liters per day
D)91 ounces per day
E)125 ounces per day

Question 24

Characteristics of a "competent eater" include being:

A)positive.
B)comfortable.
C)flexible with eating.
D)matter of fact.
E)All of the above

Question 25

Which of the following would NOT be a social determinant of health?

A)Transportation
B)Supermarket density of an area
C)Workplace health insurance program
D)Unemployment
E)These are all social determinants of health.

Question 26

The average daily dietary fiber recommendations are _____ for males and females,respectively.

A)the same at 25 grams
B)35 and 21 grams
C)38 and 25 grams
D)45 and 38 grams
E)None of the above

Question 27

Which of the following statements about caffeine is FALSE?

A)Caffeine can lead to esophageal reflux.
B)Caffeine acts as a laxative.
C)Caffeine can increase urine production.
D)Caffeine-containing beverages contribute to total daily water intake.
E)Caffeine causes dehydration.

Question 28

Flaxseed oil eaten for its omega-3 fatty acids is an example of what type of food?

A)Medical food
B)Supplement
C)Food for special dietary use
D)Functional food
E)None of the above

Question 29

All of the following are considered dietary supplements EXCEPT:

A)vitamins.
B)enzymes.
C)minerals.
D)prebiotics.
E)All of the above are dietary supplements

Question 30

Which of the following would NOT be an example of a vigorous activity?

A)Golfing
B)Fast dancing
C)Hiking with backpack
D)Jumping rope
E)Swimming laps

Question 31

Use the food label below to answer questions 37-39.

One objective of Healthy People 2020 is to increase the proportion of people who eat 9.5% or less of total Calories from saturated fat.What % of Calories in this food are provided by saturated fat?

A)2%
B)9%
C)13%
D)17%
E)25%

Question 32

"If you drink,do so in moderation," is defined as:

A)no more than 3 drinks per day for males and no more than 2 for females.
B)no more than 2 drinks per day for males and no more than 3 for females.
C)no more than 2 drinks per day for males and no more than 1 for females.
D)no more than 1 drink per day for males and no more than 2 for females.
E)no more than 2 drinks per day for males or females.

Question 33

In order to lose 4 pounds in 1 month,you would need to decrease your intake by _____ Calories on a daily basis.

A)250
B)350
C)500
D)550
E)750

Question 34

Use the food label below to answer questions 37-39.

Would the food described in this label be a good source of fiber?

A)Yes
B)No

Question 35

When exercising,if you can talk but not sing,you are doing:

A)low-intensity exercise.
B)moderate-intensity exercise.
C)vigorous exercise.
D)high-intensity exercise.

Question 36

Use the food label below to answer questions 37-39.

Would a person who consumed 1 container of the food described in this label plus an additional 15 g saturated fat in the same day meet the current recommendations for saturated fat intake (based on the Daily Value)?

A)Yes
B)No
C)Not enough information to determine

Question 37

Which type of fiber is helpful in decreasing the absorption of cholesterol?

A)Oatmeal
B)Viscous fiber
C)Fermentable fiber
D)Potato skin
E)a and b

Question 38

Which method is the most accurate method for estimating energy needs?

A)Harris-Benedict.
B)"Ballpark" method
C)Mifflin-St.Jeor
D)None of the above
E)All of the above are equally accurate

Question 39

A thin Southeast Asian woman has energy needs of 1200 Calories/day.According to the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges,how many grams of total fat would be recommended as her highest daily limit?

A)10
B)25
C)47
D)60
E)75

Question 40

Which of the following would NOT be a component of the Eating Competence Model?

A)Eating attitudes
B)Food acceptance
C)Regulation of food intake
D)Documentation of food intake
E)Eating context

Question 41

Examples of nonspecific signs and symptoms from insufficient or excessive intakes of nutrients or energy include all of the following EXCEPT:

A)accumulation of subcutaneous fat.
B)elevated blood cholesterol.
C)insulin resistance.
D)loss of kidney function.

Question 42

Men and women continue to develop bone density until 40 years of age.

Question 43

On average,adult males ages 20-49 years do not get enough protein.

Question 44

Chronic diseases are contagious.

Question 45

The phase around the mid-forties is referred to as the "sandwich' generation.

Question 46

One serving of Gardetto's reduced-fat chips and twists snack mix contains 220 Calories,with 79 kcal from fat.Therefore,the snack mix derives _____% kcal from fat.

A)75
B)50
C)36
D)25
E)5

Question 47

Using the answer from question #45,would this product fit the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range for fat intake?

A)Yes
B)No
C)Not enough information to determine

Question 48

Prevalence of salt sensitivity and early onset of high blood pressure is higher in African Americans compared to whites.

Question 49

Potassium-rich diets tend to reduce blood pressure.

Question 50

Use the following information to answer questions 41-42.
Michelle is a 49-year-old,lightly active female who weighs 131 pounds and is 5'8" tall.
Females: REE = (10 × weight)+ (6.25× height)- (5 × age)- 161
Sedentary = 1.2
Light activity = 1.4
Moderate activity = 1.6
Very active = 1.1
What is Michelle's resting metabolic rate?

A)1270
B)1500
C)1760
D)2164
E)2340

Question 51

The years between 20 and 64 are typically associated with a positive energy balance with an increase in weight and a decrease in muscle mass.

Question 52

It is impossible to consume a high-quality diet if you are a vegetarian.

Question 53

Between the ages of 25 and 65,physical working capacity declines by _____% per decade.

A)1-2
B)3-5
C)5-10
D)10-20
E)30

Question 54

Use the following information to answer questions 41-42.
Michelle is a 49-year-old,lightly active female who weighs 131 pounds and is 5'8" tall.
Females: REE = (10 × weight)+ (6.25× height)- (5 × age)- 161
Sedentary = 1.2
Light activity = 1.4
Moderate activity = 1.6
Very active = 1.1
What is Michelle's estimated daily Calorie expenditure?

A)1500
B)1780
C)1930
D)2100
E)2450

Question 55

Menopause is associated with an increase in abdominal fat.