Deck 3: Individual and Intercultural Motivations

Question 1

According to the social validation hypothesis, we are sometimes attracted to others because they have a strength where we have a related weakness.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Physical attraction as a component of our attraction to others is not always based on sexual interest.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Researchers believe that all of our relationships are influenced by at least one of the three interpersonal goals that conceptualize primary relationship motivations.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Group membership is less powerful than one-on-one relationships as related to attraction and self-identity.

Question 5

Communication between people of different cultures can sometimes lead to communication disfluencies.

Question 6

Kirsten does not consider herself very athletic, but she has enjoyed spending time with her new friend, Xavier, who takes her hiking and biking. Kirsten has, in turn, introduced Xavier to the theater, which he has learned he enjoys. This facet of their attraction is based on:

A) similarity.
B) proximity.
C) complementarity.
D) homophily.

Question 7

Kellen struggles in his calculus class, so he befriends Dulce, the best student in the class, hoping she can help him study. This is an example of:

A) task attraction.
B) social attraction.
C) proximity.
D) complementarity.

Question 8

According to the ________, you are more likely to be attracted to people you see every day than those you see only occasionally.

A) social validation hypothesis
B) mere exposure effect
C) theory of similarity
D) theory of social attraction

Question 9

Our need to present a particular image to others is based on our:

A) social attraction.
B) relational goals.
C) instrumental goals.
D) self-presentation goals.

Question 10

Leo invites his classmate Dominic to a party with his friends because he thinks Dominic would be a fun addition to their group and they would all have a good time together. Leo is motivated by:

A) a relational goal.
B) an instrumental goal.
C) a self-presentation goal.
D) the mere exposure effect.

Question 11

Which of the following might be considered a negative aspect of someone who has instrumental goals?

A) They are shallow and mostly concerned with outward appearances.
B) They are deceptive, not giving people the whole story about one's relationship motivations.
C) They are about using other people for one's own personal gain.
D) They are exclusive, creating division between groups.

Question 12

Joey lives on the east side of town. He looks down on people from the west side. In his eyes, westsiders are part of:

A) an in-group.
B) an out-group.
C) a disfluency.
D) collectivist.

Question 13

Hiroshi is more concerned with how his performance at an important business meeting furthers the cause of his company and his coworkers than his own personal prospects. This is a reflection of his _______ culture.

A) collectivistic
B) individualistic
C) low power-distance
D) feminine

Question 14

Sohan's family runs a small farm that provides them modest means. Sohan believes that a career as a business professional is beyond his station in life--he will also be a farmer. This is reflective of a _______ culture.

A) collectivistic
B) low power-distance
C) high power-distance
D) high-context

Question 15

The process of teaching a person to think and behave in a certain way based on a system of rules and values is known as:

A) cultural competence.
B) power distance.
C) ethnocentrism.
D) enculturation.

Question 16

Which of the following is most likely to apply to a person from an Asian culture?

A) Shrugging when asked for an opinion during a business meeting though actually disagreeing with the proposition being discussed.
B) Working toward being the best student in the class in order to gain the praise of teachers and the opportunity to give a speech as the valedictorian.
C) Telling a friend that her new dress isn't flattering while helping her get ready for a date.
D) Taking great pride in a daughter's choice to move across the country to follow her dream job, even though it means she is rarely able to spend time with the rest of the family.

Question 17

People who are _______ believe that the right way to do anything is the way it's done in their own culture.

A) individualistic
B) enculturated
C) ethnocentric
D) high-context

Question 18

Consider your two closest friends. Analyze what brought you together based on the components of attraction discussed in this chapter.

Question 19

Perceived in-group membership can cause strong feelings among individuals. What are some in-groups and out-groups that you have observed in your daily life? Are some bonds or out-group resentments stronger than others? What do you think influences these strong feelings?