Deck 8: Infant Nutrition

Question 1

Based on your answer to question #11,a 5-month-old infant would require approximately _____ total Calories per day based on a weight of 6 kg.

A)648
B)732
C)924
D)1037
E)1251

Answer 1

A

Question 2

A male infant can get too much protein when

A)his motor skills are developed.
B)baby cereal is added to his infant formula.
C)he consumes more formula than recommended for age.
D)his mom is breastfeeding.
E)b and c

Answer 2

E

Question 3

An example of sensorimotor development is _____.

A)thumb sucking
B)crying when hungry
C)blinking eyes in response to bright light
D)ability to sleep through the night
E)an increase in head circumference

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The DRI for fluoride in infants < 6 months of age is _____.

A)0.01 mcg
B)0.1 mcg
C)0.1 mg
D)1 mg
E)0.5 mg

Question 5

The three leading causes of infant mortality in 2009 included all of the following EXCEPT:

A)sudden infant death syndrome.
B)congenital malformations.
C)respiratory distress syndrome.
D)pre-term birth-related complications.
E)b and d

Question 6

Small for gestational age (SGA)means:

A)small for dates.
B)birth weight is <10th percentile for gestational age.
C)appropriate for gestational age.
D)a and b
E)a and c

Question 7

The AVERAGE caloric need of infants in the first six months of life is _____ per kg of body weight,based on growth in breast-fed infants.

A)57 Calories
B)98 Calories
C)108 Calories
D)122 Calories
E)154 Calories

Question 8

The development of motor control starts with:

A)lower leg control,then arm control,and then head control.
B)head and trunk control,then lower legs.
C)trunk and arm control,then lower legs,then head and neck.
D)head and leg control that occur simultaneously,then neck control.
E)finger and hand control,then lower legs,then head and neck control.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT one of the infant growth charts developed by the National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (part of the CDC)?

A)Weight for age
B)Length for age
C)Weight for length
D)Head circumference for weight
E)Head circumference for age

Question 10

Recommended protein intake for infants from the ages of 6 to 12 months is:

A)0.8 g/kg body weight.
B)1.0 g/kg body weight.
C)1.2 g/kg body weight.
D)1.4 g/kg body weight.
E)1.6 g/kg body weight.

Question 11

The process of breaking down body protein to generate energy is known as:

A)catabolism.
B)cannibalism.
C)anabolism.
D)annihilation.
E)anaerobic metabolism.

Question 12

The two essential fatty acids required in an infant's diet are α-linolenic acid and _____ acid.

A)stearic
B)palmytic
C)polymyearic
D)linoleic

Question 13

Infants who are _____ month(s)and older are better able to let parents know their needs and temperament.

A)1
B)3
C)6
D)9
E)12

Question 14

Infants often have conditions that reflect the immaturity of the gastrointestinal tract,which include all of the following EXCEPT:

A)colic.
B)gastroesophageal reflux (GER).
C)unexplained diarrhea.
D)constipation.
E)urinary tract infections.

Question 15

A 7-month-old infant weighing 16 lbs needs approximately _____ Calories/day.

A)600
B)650
C)715
D)880

Question 16

Infant mortality includes _____.

A)deaths that occur within the first year of life
B)deaths that occur from the day of birth through the first 28 days of life
C)deaths that occur at or after 20 weeks of gestation and through the first 28 days of life
D)deaths that occur in preterm babies

Question 17

The average gestation for a full-term infant is _____ weeks,while an infant born at <_____ weeks is considered pre-term.

A)34,32
B)40,34
C)40,37
D)42,38
E)42,40

Question 18

Newborn health status is assessed by a number of indicators of growth and development taken right after birth,which include all of the following EXCEPT:

A)birthweight.
B)length.
C)head circumference.
D)knee to ankle length.

Question 19

Which of the following would NOT be one of the factors accounting for the range of calories an infant needs?

A)Weight
B)Length
C)Sleep/wake cycle
D)Growth rate
E)Physical activity

Question 20

Which of the following statements best describes motor development in infants?

A)Voluntary control of muscles starts from the head and moves down to the legs.
B)Voluntary control of muscles starts from being able to fan toes out at birth to blinking eyes in response to a loud noise or light.
C)Voluntary muscle control develops with central muscles first and then moves out to hand muscles.
D)Voluntary muscle control develops with rooting reflex and then moves out to hand muscles.
E)a and c

Question 21

Good feeding practices to limit baby bottle caries and ear infections related to baby bottles include all of the following EXCEPT:

A)letting the baby have juice in a bottle throughout the day as desired.
B)offering juice in a cup.
C)limiting the use of a bottle as part of a bedtime ritual.
D)examining and cleaning emerging baby teeth on a regular basis.
E)offering only water in a bottle to sleep with.

Question 22

_____ is an unsafe food to give to one-year-old infants.

A)Cooked green beans
B)Gummy bears
C)Cooked oatmeal
D)Cooked ground hamburger
E)Sliced peaches

Question 23

The FIRST step in correcting failure to thrive (FTT)is:

A)feeding the baby on a regular schedule.
B)providing a stimulating environment when the baby is eating.
C)increasing calorie and protein intakes.
D)enrolling the child in an early intervention program.
E)obtaining social support for the family.

Question 24

A 3-month-old infant was taking 30 ounces/day of a standard formula.How many Calories did the infant consume each day?

A)300
B)450
C)510
D)600

Question 25

Use the growth chart to answer questions .



-A newborn girl weighs 8 pounds at birth.Plot her weight on the provided growth chart and indicate which of the following % tiles she falls into.

A)10th
B)25th
C)50th
D)75th
E)90th

Question 26

Which of the following would NOT be a cue an infant might give when signaling that he/she is hungry and ready to eat?

A)Watching the food be opened
B)Reaching for the spoon
C)Showing irritation if the feeding pace is too slow
D)Spitting out food on the floor

Question 27

Lactose intolerance is:

A)a milk protein allergy.
B)characterized by cramps,nausea,and pain.
C)caused by a deficiency of the enzyme lactase.
D)All of the above
E)b and c only

Question 28

Use the growth chart to answer questions .



-Based on your answer to #35,this baby is:

A)small for gestational age (SGA).
B)large for gestational age (LGA).
C)appropriate for gestational age (AGA).
D)None of the above

Question 29

Recommendations for introducing a baby to food on a spoon include all of the following EXCEPT:

A)time the first spoon-feeding experiences for when the baby is not overly tired.
B)offer a large variety of foods for him/her to choose from.
C)give the baby time to open his or her mouth and extend the tongue towards food.
D)place the bowl of the spoon on the tongue with slight downward pressure.
E)keep the spoon level and do not scrape food into the baby's mouth.

Question 30

When measuring growth in infants,you should do all the following EXCEPT _____ to avoid measurement errors.

A)use measurement equipment that has been recently calibrated
B)confirm the scale is on zero before starting
C)make sure the infant has a diaper on to keep surfaces clean
D)make sure that neither hips nor knees are bent
E)measure the heel with the foot flat against a foot board

Question 31

A premature infant has been on a respirator since birth.He is now 6 months old and ready to start solids,although he does not like it when a spoon is placed in his mouth.What might be the cause of this?

A)He dislikes the spoon because he is associating it with discomfort.
B)Premature infants should not start solids until they are at least 8 months,so he is not old enough.
C)A critical period for mouth exploration has been missed due to the respirator.
D)All of the above
E)a and c only

Question 32

Recommendations to relieve colic include:

A)swaddling the baby.
B)bathing or otherwise calming the infant.
C)evaluating and improving positioning of the baby for eating.
D)ensuring that the baby is burped often.
E)All of the above

Question 33

An infant with a suspected protein intolerance may be:

A)put on a soy formula because plant proteins are well tolerated.
B)put on a hydrolyzed formula because the protein is broken down.
C)breast fed only because breast milk is the gold standard to feed babies with.
D)put on IV fluids with a fat replacement.

Question 34

To lessen the risk of food allergies in infants,you can:

A)breastfeed your infant.
B)choose a soy-based infant formula.
C)offer cow's milk before they turn 1.
D)All of the above
E)a and b only

Question 35

A possible cause of failure to thrive in infants is:

A)too much water being added when mixing the infant formula.
B)an ear infection.
C)breastfeeding as the sole source of nutrition.
D)fetal undergrowth during pregnancy.

Question 36

If an infant is exclusively breastfed and not exposed to adequate amounts of sunlight,he/she would need a _____ supplement.

A)calcium
B)fluoride
C)iron
D)vitamin D

Question 37

The recommended age for weaning an infant from the breast or bottle to a cup is from _____ months.

A)6 to 8
B)8 to 10
C)10 to 12
D)12 to 24
E)24 to 36

Question 38

If a food allergy is suspected,what information is NOT needed?

A)Whether the infant had been ill prior to problems arising
B)Laboratory tests to confirm specific allergies during infancy
C)Whether any other family members have food allergies
D)Whether wheat,eggs,or peanut butter have been introduced into the infant's diet

Question 39

Which of the following is a warning sign indicating growth problems?

A)Plateau in head circumference gain for more than one month
B)Lack of height gain
C)Plateau in weight gain for more than one month
D)Drop in weight without regain within a few weeks
E)All of the above

Question 40

Which of the following conditions CANNOT be screened for shortly after birth?

A)PKU
B)Food allergy
C)Galactosemis
D)Sickle-cell disease
E)Hypothyroidism

Question 41

Which statement made by a mother indicates a need for education about how to keep her infant safe and promote healthy development?

A)"My husband smokes occasionally,but never around our baby."
B)"I don't let my baby watch educational TV programs yet;I think he's too young for that."
C)"I've started my baby in a structured exercise program to make sure he stays fit."
D)"My husband and I like to talk to him even though he can't talk back yet."

Question 42

Use the following information to answer questions 43-45.
The mother of a 9-month-old vegetarian infant weighing 19 pounds provided the following diet history for her son.
Breakfast: ¹/₄ cup oatmeal made with water; banana;4 oz.apple juice
Lunch: Rice cake with 1 t.peanut butter; c.applesauce;4 oz.soy formula
Dinner: ¹/₄ cup mashed potatoes made with water;¹/₄ cup lentil beans;¹/₄ c.yam;4 cherry tomatoes cut;4 oz.soy formula
Snacks: 15 goldfish crackers and ¹/₄ c.canned fruit at 10 am;rice cake with ¹/₄ c.canned pears at 3 pm
Total calories = ~750
Protein = 21 grams
Does this diet have an adequate amount of calories for a 9-month-old infant?

A)Yes
B)No

Question 43

Neonatal mortality rate differences between races and ethnicities are primarily related to genetic differences.

Question 44

The dietary guidelines to consume 20-35% of calories from fat and reduce cholesterol intake are recommended for infant growth and development.

Question 45

Dietary fiber recommendations are the same for infants as they are for toddlers and children.

Question 46

A 4-month-old exclusively breast-fed infant who has not begun eating other foods should receive _____ supplements.

A)multivitamin and -mineral
B)vitamin B₁₂
C)calcium
D)iron

Question 47

Use the following information to answer questions 43-45.
The mother of a 9-month-old vegetarian infant weighing 19 pounds provided the following diet history for her son.
Breakfast: ¹/₄ cup oatmeal made with water; banana;4 oz.apple juice
Lunch: Rice cake with 1 t.peanut butter; c.applesauce;4 oz.soy formula
Dinner: ¹/₄ cup mashed potatoes made with water;¹/₄ cup lentil beans;¹/₄ c.yam;4 cherry tomatoes cut;4 oz.soy formula
Snacks: 15 goldfish crackers and ¹/₄ c.canned fruit at 10 am;rice cake with ¹/₄ c.canned pears at 3 pm
Total calories = ~750
Protein = 21 grams
Nutrients of concern in this diet include:

A)calcium.
B)vitamin B₁₂.
C)vitamin D.
D)iron.
E)All of the above

Question 48

Healthy newborns typically reach the 90th %tile by 6 months.

Question 49

The infant formula that is most commonly given if a woman does NOT breastfeed is:

A)soy formula.
B)cow's milk-based formula.
C)a hypoallergenic formula.
D)an amino acid-based formula.
E)a partially hydrolyzed formula.

Question 50

Infants who are breastfeeding cannot develop lactose intolerance.

Question 51

Cow's milk formula is an equal alternative to human milk.

Question 52

The American Academy of Pediatrics and the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics propose that continuation of breastfeeding for the first year of life is optimal nutrition in infancy.

Question 53

Sizes of commercial,jarred baby food are determined by age-appropriate portion sizes.

Question 54

Organs and systems in infants continue to increase in size and complexity after birth.

Question 55

A child with diarrhea and an allergy to lactose would most likely be given:

A)a cow's milk-based formula (Enfamil).
B)a lactose-free formula (Similac Sensitive).
C)a protein hydrolysate formula (Nutramigen).
D)an amino acid-based formula (Neosure).
E)none of the above

Question 56

Use the following information to answer questions 43-45.
The mother of a 9-month-old vegetarian infant weighing 19 pounds provided the following diet history for her son.
Breakfast: ¹/₄ cup oatmeal made with water; banana;4 oz.apple juice
Lunch: Rice cake with 1 t.peanut butter; c.applesauce;4 oz.soy formula
Dinner: ¹/₄ cup mashed potatoes made with water;¹/₄ cup lentil beans;¹/₄ c.yam;4 cherry tomatoes cut;4 oz.soy formula
Snacks: 15 goldfish crackers and ¹/₄ c.canned fruit at 10 am;rice cake with ¹/₄ c.canned pears at 3 pm
Total calories = ~750
Protein = 21 grams
Does this diet have an adequate amount of protein for a 9-month-old infant?

A)Yes
B)No