Deck 4: Colonization and Conflict in the North 1600-1700

Question 1

This chapter tells the story of French activities in North America to make the point that

A) the English were relative latecomers to the colonizing business in North America.
B) the Spanish and English were not the only European powers colonizing the Americas.
C) while the French provide a model for exploitative commercial penetration of North America, the English in New England demonstrate that religion could be an equally powerful motivator.
D) while the French gained a foothold especially through the work of the Jesuits, their settlers were few in contrast to the English Puritans who settled New England.

Answer 1

while the French gained a foothold especially through the work of the Jesuits, their settlers were few in contrast to the English Puritans who settled New England.

Question 2

Which of the following statements is NOT true of the French colonizing efforts in North America?

A) They were aggressive early adventurers in the North.
B) They targeted the St. Lawrence River valley for their first settlements.
C) They were hampered because of relatively hostile relations with native tribes.
D) The religious zeal of a renewed Catholicism spurred the colonizing efforts of the French.

Answer 2

They were hampered because of relatively hostile relations with native tribes.

Question 3

At one time or another all of the following were objectives of the French effort in North America, EXCEPT

A) establishing a permanent settlement.
B) the quest for profits through the fur trade.
C) finding a place to resettle dissident French Protestants.
D) converting the Indians to Catholicism.

Answer 3

finding a place to resettle dissident French Protestants.

Question 4

Which of the following was NOT a factor in inducing the migration of English Puritans to New England?

A) a zeal to convert the Indians
B) the perceived failure of the English government to purify society and the church
C) political conflict
D) economic uncertainty

Question 5

The Puritan belief that God was in control of history fueled a zeal to improve society. This belief is known as

A) divine sovereign grace.
B) the Protestant Reformation.
C) the calling to conversion.
D) predestination.

Question 6

The Puritan program for reforming England included all of the following EXCEPT

A) purifying the church of England from remaining traces of Catholicism.
B) separating church and state.
C) improving the education of the clergy.
D) limiting church participation to the godly.

Question 7

The "Mayflower Compact"of the Separatists was

A) a basis for government devised without a legal basis to do so.
B) an agreement to organize a colony, as provided in their original charter.
C) a small subgroup that determined on shipboard that pastors would hold ultimate authority in the colony.
D) a small, efficient floral garden intended to show that God's creation in Eden was a model for society.

Question 8

The description of Massachusetts Bay Colony using the biblical metaphor of a "city upon a hill"relates to the Puritan founders' idea that the colony should

A) be separate from the world.
B) be located on a readily defensible site.
C) be a refuge for all religious dissenters.
D) serve as an example to the world.

Question 9

Which of the following was NOT one of the ways that the Puritans of Massachusetts Bay differed from the Pilgrims of Plymouth?

A) The Puritans felt a sense of mission to reform England.
B) The Puritans were simpler, less educated folk.
C) The Puritans remained within the established Church of England.
D) The Puritans carried with them a Crown charter for their enterprise.

Question 10

In the early 1600s migrants to New England differed from those who went to the Chesapeake in that

A) New England settlement was sponsored by individual proprietors.
B) New England immigrants tended to be motivated by a desire for wealth.
C) New Englanders immigrated in family groups.
D) in the harsher climate of New England, new arrivals often succumbed to disease and death.

Question 11

What is true about New England settlements?

A) Determined to create an alternative model of society, Puritans deliberately set out to establish communities that differed from the places they left behind.
B) The central institution for maintaining stability and order was the church, a "little commonwealth" to which everyone must belong.
C) Almost every adult male owned property, but few had the opportunity to get rich.
D) The basis of local self-government was an elected county Board of Governors.

Question 12

In the early decades of New England settlement, new colonies in adjacent areas were often founded because of

A) religious differences.
B) overcrowding in the older towns.
C) the opportunities of the fertile frontier lands.
D) imperial ambitions.

Question 13

What was Anne Hutchinson's heresy?

A) She embraced controversial positions on doctrine and shared these ideas with others.
B) She performed witchcraft against the minister, John Cotton.
C) She professed herself to be a midwife.
D) She allied herself with the Indians on Long Island.

Question 14

In 1638 the Bay Colony Government expelled Anne Hutchinson and her followers for sedition. Where did they initially settle after being expelled?

A) Rhode Island
B) Connecticut
C) Long Island
D) New Amsterdam

Question 15

What characteristic of the "inner world"of New Englanders offers a clue to explain the Salem witchcraft trials?

A) They were a people who lashed out at women who were different.
B) They were deeply insecure about their economic future.
C) They were fascinated by wonders and believed in supernatural forces.
D) They compensated for repressed sexual feelings by targeting women as scapegoats.

Question 16

In their contests with the settlers, New England Indian tribes suffered from the disadvantages of

A) disease.
B) disarmament.
C) centralized authority of all tribes.
D) lack of knowledge of the terrain.

Question 17

The native peoples of New England

A) had little in common with practices and attitudes of the white settlers of the region.
B) were alienated by vigorous Puritan attempts to convert them.
C) suffered from the ravages of epidemic disease to the same extent as whites.
D) clashed with settlers in periodic violent conflicts that threatened not only white survival but their own.

Question 18

The Dutch colony of New Netherland was marked by

A) close control by the government in Holland.
B) small but concentrated centers of population.
C) financial prosperity due to exports of foodstuffs.
D) great ethnic and religious diversity.

Question 19

How did New Netherland become New York?

A) The Dutch sold it to the English.
B) The Dutch abandoned it; the English then colonized it.
C) The English in adjacent areas gradually absorbed the isolated Dutch settlements.
D) It was taken by an English invading fleet.

Question 20

Which tribe of Indians actually gained strength as a result of their contacts with whites?

A) Powhatans
B) Mohawks
C) Cherokees
D) Iroquois

Question 21

The Iroquois League increased its power and autonomy through much of the 1700s for which of the following reasons?

A) their inability to unify several tribes into a confederacy.
B) their role as suppliers of weapons to white traders.
C) their male-dominated culture, which glorified in a fierce warrior tradition.
D) their success in destroying their ancient enemies, the Hurons.

Question 22

The first colonial endeavor of the Quaker sect focused on which colony that was temporarily split in two?

A) Connecticut
B) New Jersey
C) Delaware
D) Carolina

Question 23

Which of the following was NOT included in Penn's vision for his colony?

A) displacing the savage Indians
B) providing a refuge for Quakers from England and elsewhere
C) establishing a model society to reform the failings of Europe
D) generating rental revenue for himself

Question 24

Which of the following was NOT a reason that Pennsylvania quickly prospered?

A) Penn's planning and publicity efforts
B) Penn's honest dealings with the Indians who thus posed no threat
C) Parliament's generous subsidy
D) Pennsylvania's favorable soil and climate

Question 25

William Penn and the Quakers differed from the Puritans of New England in their belief that

A) the government should be based on equality and consent.
B) the government should promote morality by passing laws.
C) a model society could be created in America.
D) the state should guarantee all inhabitants freedom of worship.

Question 26

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the settlement patterns of early Pennsylvania?

A) Most people lived in cities clustered along the coastline.
B) Like in New England, the town became the focal point of life.
C) The country, with its dispersed farmsteads, became the dominant settlement pattern.
D) Large plantations similar to Virginia's were characteristic of Pennsylvania.

Question 27

Which of the following statements is an accurate description of life in Quaker Pennsylvania?

A) New arrivals were required to serve as indentured servants for a period of 7 years.
B) Penn's colony was completely free of political strife.
C) A representative assembly existed and guaranteed inhabitants the basic English civil liberties.
D) Inhabitants experienced complete freedom of press.

Question 28

After the Glorious Revolution, English efforts to exercise closer control over the North American colonies

A) extended merely to putting teeth into commercial regulations in order to maximize profits from colonial trade.
B) continued to increase throughout the 1700s, eliciting growing American resistance.
C) ended, as the new monarchy sought to consolidate its power at home.
D) grew substantially but subtly, so that British rule was real though not apparent.

Question 29

By 1700, your text concludes, the North American colonies

A) were centralizing political power in the office of the royal governor.
B) were becoming permanent, firmly-rooted societies.
C) enjoyed stable subsistence economies.
D) had learned to accommodate to cultural differences in ethnicity and religion.

Question 30

Massachusetts became a royal colony headed by an appointed governor where

A) voting rights were determined by property ownership.
B) Catholicism was banned.
C) the new Dominion of New England was headquartered.
D) freed servants and women could vote.

Question 31

The "praying towns"were

A) Puritan strongholds for religious freedom.
B) Catholic missions along the Atlantic coastline.
C) villages established exclusively for Christian Indians.
D) centers of worship aimed at educating the Pilgrims in Indian culture.

Question 32

Driven by a quest for both furs and souls, the ________ respected Indian culture and in turn won Indian respect.

Question 33

The main corridor of French imperial penetration into North America was the ________ valley.

Question 34

The "Pilgrims"-so-called because they migrated from England to Holland to America-in reality are best known as ________ for their views on the Church of England.

Question 35

The Pilgrims, before disembarking at Plymouth, signed the ________ as a self-instituted basis for government.

Question 36

________ became a founder of Rhode Island when his radically critical views of established religious practice got him banished from Massachusetts Bay.

Question 37

Puritan minister John Eliot oversaw a project to publish the scriptures in the ________ language using the Latin alphabet.

Question 38

By the early 1700s the city of ________ was becoming the commercial and cultural center of the British Empire in North America.

Question 39

Late in the 1600s, the English Parliament ousted the Stuart king and brought in William and Mary as monarchs who acknowledged Parliamentary rule. This episode is known as the ________.

Question 40

Compare the French motives for colonizing North America with those of the English.

Question 41

What were the principal religious beliefs of the Puritans?

Question 42

What role did the Congregational church play in the life of New England villages?

Question 43

What kinds of conflicts commonly arose among white settlers in seventeenth-century New England? Which were the most bitter and disruptive?

Question 44

How did migrations to the Chesapeake and New England help to determine the initial character of these two colonial societies?

Question 45

Describe the lives of women in early New England. How closely did they resemble the lives of women in the Chesapeake?

Question 46

How did the Dutch settlements in New York differ from the New England settlements of the same period?

Question 47

How did the pattern of settlement in Pennsylvania differ from that of New England?

Question 48

Both religious and economic factors made it easier for the French than the English to coexist with Indian cultures. Discuss those factors and explain why you agree or disagree.

Question 49

Why did Puritanism appeal to many people in early modern England?

Question 50

Why didn't New England develop a slave-based plantation economy similar to those in the colonial South?

Question 51

Assess the relations between white settlers and Indians in the northern colonies. How do they compare with relations between those two groups in the colonial South?

Question 52

Why did Quaker beliefs and customs challenge traditional English society in so many ways? Why did New England's Puritans (who were, after all, devout reformers themselves) persecute Quakers?

Question 53

How did the Iroquois nation gain strength from its contacts with white colonies?

Question 54

Why were the colonies of New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania relatively diverse and tolerant at the end of the seventeenth century?

Question 55

Describe the role of an average woman in New England. How did the Puritan dogma emancipate women?

Question 56

Why were women singled out during the witchcraft trials?