Deck 13: Patient Assessment and Essentials of Care

Question 1

The primary survey consists of the following in correct sequential order:

A) Danger, Response, Send for Help, Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability and Exposure
B) Danger, Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability, Exposure, Response, and Send for Help
C) Exposure, Danger, Response, Send for Help, Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability
D) Danger, Response, Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability and Exposure and Send for Help

Answer 1

Danger, Response, Send for Help, Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability and Exposure

Question 2

When assessing for breathing, what are you looking for?

A) Rise and fall of chest
B) Patient's level of consciousness
C) Any signs of obstruction
D) All are correct

Answer 2

Rise and fall of chest

Question 3

Using the framework HIRAID, what does the D entail in this approach?

A) Past medical history
B) Fluid resuscitation rendered
C) Blood results and X-ray results
D) Shortness of breath presentation

Answer 3

Blood results and X-ray results

Question 4

In assessing for possible disability in a rescued patient, what important assessment tool are you going to consider?

A) Neurological status
B) Cervical spine injury
C) Rising and fall of chest
D) Patient's temperature

Question 5

In history-taking using the SAMPLE mnemonic in an emergency situation, all of the following are applicable, EXCEPT:

A) 1000 mL fluid intake
B) History of diabetes
C) Taking oral analgesics daily
D) Home living conditions

Question 6

In assessing for pain, using the PQRST method, how will you assess for quality of pain?

A) Get the patient to rate pain 0-10
B) Get the patient to describe the characteristic of pain
C) Ask the patient what factors provoke pain
D) Ask the patient when was the last time he or she took pain relief

Question 7

These are considered actual or potential cues that indicate the presence or risk of a serious illness or injury:

A) Red flags
B) Codes
C) Allergies
D) None are correct

Question 8

In a patient with presenting chest pain, which of the following is an example of a historical red flag?

A) Haematemesis
B) Malaena
C) Immunosuppression
D) Chronic renal failure

Question 9

Which of the following is not a possible clinical red flag for abdominal pain?

A) Pregnancy
B) Rigid abdomen
C) Altered vital signs
D) Hypoglycaemia

Question 10

During a routine examination of a patient and palpating body parts, what important consideration should be given:

A) Administer analgesics prior to palpation
B) Palpate from the most painful
C) Only use light palpation
D) All are correct

Question 11

A patient who opens their eyes to voice, is confused and obeys commands has a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) of?

A) 13
B) 14
C) 12
D) 11

Question 12

Which of the following statements relating to the primary survey is most CORRECT?

A) The primary survey is used to assess patients who are unconscious
B) The primary survey is the initial assessment of all patients and is designed to rapidly and systematically identify immediately life-threatening problems
C) The primary survey should be completed in its entirety before any specific clinical interventions are implemented
D) Important elements of the primary survey include assessing respiration rate, blood pressure, Glasgow Coma Scale and blood sugar level

Question 13

The average respiration rate for a person 12-16 years of age is?

A) 15-20 breaths/min
B) 26-34 breaths/min
C) 8-12 breaths/min
D) 20-24 breaths/min

Question 14

At 0215 hours you are dispatched to a 54-year-old female with a complaint of back pain. On your arrival you are directed to the patient who is lying supine on her bed. She states that she was awoken from sleep with pain in her lumbar region about 1 hour ago for which she has taken Nurofen without relief. She has experienced similar pain over the past couple of weeks but tonight is worse.The pain seems to be more prevalent at night. She denies having sustained any injury and has no associated complaints. Her past medical history includes gastric reflux, breast cancer and hypertension. Her medications include Nexium and Perindopril. Red flags in the patient's history include:

A) Back pain occurring at night
B) History of gastric reflux and breast cancer
C) Back pain at night and history of breast cancer and hypertension
D) Back pain at night and history of hypertension

Question 15

Auscultation of the aortic valve is best done at:

A) 5th intercostal space in the midclavicular line
B) 2nd intercostal space to the right of the sternum
C) 2nd intercostal space to the left of the sternum
D) Over the cardiac apex

Question 16

A normal temperature range is:

A) 37-38°C
B) 36-37°C
C) 36-37.5°C
D) 36-38°C

Question 17

Regarding pulse oximetry, which of the following statements is INCORRECT:

A) Pulse oximeters measure the percentage of oxygen dissolved in a sample of plasma by measuring the difference between the amount of red and infra-red light absorption through the vascular bed
B) Modern pulse oximeters have the ability to measure carboxyhaemoglobin and methaemoglobin levels as well as oxygen saturations
C) Anaemic patients can have a normal pulse oximetry reading despite being hypoxic
D) If left in place for extended periods of time pulse oximeter probes can cause pressure areas to develop on the skin, therefore when continuous pulse oximetry is required the probe position should be regularly changed

Question 18

You are assessing a 19-year-old male patient who was found unconscious on the floor of the toilets by his work colleagues. On your arrival the patient is unconscious with a GCS of 3. During your assessment you expose his chest to perform a 12-lead ECG and auscultate his heart and breath sounds and observe a midline incision from the suprasternal notch to the xiphoid process that appears to non-recent. Given the patient's age the midline incision should raise your suspicion for what underlying surgery?

A) Cardiac valve replacement/surgery
B) Coronary artery bypass grafting
C) Pneumectomy
D) Oesaphageal cancer surgery

Question 19

Visceral organs located in the right upper abdominal quadrant include all of the following, EXCEPT:

A) Liver
B) Gallbladder
C) Right kidney
D) Stomach

Question 20

Relative contraindications to recording a blood pressure on an extremity include all of the following, EXCEPT:

A) Lymphoedema
B) Radical mastectomy
C) Thoracic outlet obstruction
D) Presence of an arteriovenous fistula