Deck 27: Natural/Herbal Products and Dietary Supplements

Question 1

Xylitol:

A) is artificially produced in the laboratory.
B) is metabolized by Streptococcus mutans to form acids.
C) consumption reduces S. mutans levels, leading to antibacterial and cariostatic effects.
D) Both a and b are correct.
E) Both b and c are correct.

Answer 1

consumption reduces S. mutans levels, leading to antibacterial and cariostatic effects.

Question 2

Garlic, ginkgo biloba, and feverfew can _____ when taken in conjunction with antiplatelet drugs or anticoagulants.

A) cause tachycardia
B) increase the risk of bleeding
C) cause postural hypotension
D) cause hypertension

Answer 2

increase the risk of bleeding

Question 3

Acemannan is available as an over-the-counter (OTC)topical patch to reduce the healing time of:

A) aphthous ulcers.
B) oral herpes lesions.
C) bullous lesions.
D) oral abrasions.

Answer 3

aphthous ulcers.

Question 4

Labels for DSHEA products can contain claims of effects on the structure or function of the body.

Question 5

Which of the following herbal medications contains ephedrine and can increase heart rate when given with sympathomimetic drugs?

A) Yohimbe
B) Ephedra
C) Comfrey
D) Clove
E) Ma huang

Question 6

Which of the following reasons are why people are turning to health supplements: (1)cultural influences, (2)a sense of taking control of one's health, (3)distrust of physicians, (4)lack of health insurance?

A) 1, 2, 3, 4
B) 1, 2, 3
C) 2, 3, 4
D) 1, 2
E) 3, 4

Question 7

All herbal products must be labeled as a(n):

A) pharmaceutical.
B) dietary supplement.
C) medication.
D) adjuvant.

Question 8

Manufacturers can make claims of curing conditions, and they can make claims of improving structure or function.

A) Both parts of the statement are true.
B) Both parts of the statement are false.
C) The first part of the statement is true; the second part is false.
D) The first part of the statement is false; the second part is true.

Question 9

Which of the following oral and dental effects have been observed with herbal medications? (Select all that apply.)

A) Intraoral hemorrhage
B) Xerostomia
C) Oral candidiasis
D) Stomatitis

Question 10

Which of the following statements is true of oil of cloves?

A) It requires a prescription.
B) Many published trials confirming its efficacy have been conducted.
C) Its proposed mechanism of action is unclear.
D) It is found in calcium hydroxide cement.

Question 11

Most of the herbal products available contain ingredients that produce profound pharmacologic effects.

Question 12

The FDA inspects all manufacturing facilities of herbal products for compliance.

Question 13

The recent trend in the use of natural or herbal substances has been a(n)_____ in the use of these products and the number of people using them.

A) exponential rise
B) steady rise
C) slight decrease
D) marked decline

Question 14

Manufacturers of natural or herbal substances do not have to prove efficacy in treating or preventing a specific disease nor can they make that claim.

A) Both parts of the statement are true.
B) Both parts of the statement are false.
C) The first part of the statement is true; the second part is false.
D) The first part of the statement is false; the second part is true.

Question 15

The term _____ has been associated with herbal products because they are primarily derived from plant sources.

A) homeopathic
B) natural
C) unadulterated
D) pure

Question 16

Herbal products will not interact with conventional drugs.

Question 17

Which government entity bears responsibility for proof of misleading labeling of herbal products?

A) DEA
B) FDA
C) DSHEA
D) OSHA

Question 18

Which of the following statements is true regarding the safety of herbal and nutritional products?

A) Some products may have potential therapeutic effects.
B) The majority cause adverse effects and drug interactions.
C) Noting the use of herbal products by the patient in his or her chart is unnecessary.
D) Both a and b are true.
E) Both b and c are true.

Question 19

The FDA has investigated over _____ reports of adverse reactions with over 100 different ephedra alkaloid-containing products since 1994.

A) 200
B) 400
C) 600
D) 800

Question 20

The Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA)exempts _____ from meaningful FDA regulation: (1)vitamins, (2)minerals, (3)botanical products, (4)domestic products?

A) 1, 2, 3, 4
B) 1, 2, 3
C) 2, 3, 4
D) 1, 2

Question 21

Triclosan has not been shown to significantly reduce plaque and gingivitis when compared with placebo dentifrice.