Deck 12: The Us Health Care System

Question 1

Primary health care involves diagnosis and treatment of common illnesses such as acne, influenza, high blood pressure, and depression.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Low-cost or free care to treat routine medical problems or conduct preventive screening is widely available throughout the United States.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Researchers have estimated that more than 44,000 Americans die in hospitals each year as a result of medical errors.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Doctors specializing in internal medicine (internists) focus on the primary care of adults, particularly the diagnosis and nonsurgical treatment of diseases of the internal organs.

Question 5

Dental school is typically six academic years.

Question 6

A podiatrist is to the ears what a dentist is to the mouth.

Question 7

Doctors of Optometry (ODs, or optometrists) are health care professionals for the ears.

Question 8

One of the functions of nurse anesthetists is to provide postoperative care.

Question 9

A clinical psychologist holds a PhD or PsyD in clinical psychology and provides therapies to help people adjust to or overcome emotional problems or mental illnesses.

Question 10

Nurse midwives provide direct patient care and expert consultations in a particular nursing specialty (related to a disease, a body organ or system, or a patient population).

Question 11

A registered dietitian is a food and nutrition expert who holds a degree in dietetics and has passed a state exam.

Question 12

Acupuncture has been most thoroughly studied as a potential treatment for two conditions: low back pain and nausea/vomiting.

Question 13

Homeopathy is based on the law of similars.

Question 14

Meditation is one of the newest and most widely practiced mind-body therapies.

Question 15

All natural products (biology-based therapies) are classified as dietary supplements and go through a rigorous drug approval process by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) before they go to market.

Question 16

Osteopathic manipulation, chiropractic adjustment, and therapeutic massage are the three most common types of manual therapies in the United States.

Question 17

The central principle of therapeutic massage is that the body's soft tissues will function optimally when the circulatory and lymphatic systems are unimpeded.

Question 18

Chiropractors do not perform surgery or prescribe drugs but often recommend changes in lifestyle-in eating, exercise, and sleeping habits.

Question 19

Integrative medicine is the coordinated blending or combining of aspects of Western medicine with those of complementary and alternative medicine.

Question 20

Integrative medicine is based on the Western view of focusing on a specific condition or disease.

Question 21

Most academic medical centers in the United States prohibit the use of integrative medicine.

Question 22

What kind of health care does a family practice physician usually provide?

A) Primary care
B) Secondary care
C) Tertiary care
D) Emergency care

Question 23

A patient who is being treated by a specialist for a health problem is receiving _____ care.

A) primary
B) secondary
C) tertiary
D) emergency

Question 24

Which of the following is an example of secondary care?

A) A nurse giving a flu shot
B) A family doctor diagnosing high blood pressure
C) A doctor suturing a wound in the emergency room
D) A neurologist treating a referral from a primary care provider

Question 25

Which kind of health care involves various specialists providing a complex set of medical services in order to diagnose and treat the most challenging health problems?

A) Primary health care
B) Secondary health care
C) Tertiary health care
D) Emergency health care

Question 26

Physician/clinical services and _____ account for more than half of the annual health care costs in the United States.

A) community health care clinics
B) emergency room visits
C) hospital care
D) consultation services

Question 27

Factors such as medical litigation, the aging population, and treatment for the uninsured _____ the cost of health care.

A) increase
B) decrease
C) stabilize
D) rarely affect

Question 28

What is the fastest-growing age group in the American population?

A) Under 20 years old
B) Ages 20 to 40 years
C) Ages 40 to 60 years
D) Over 60 years old

Question 29

Where do most uninsured people seek medical treatment?

A) Private practice offices
B) Low-cost medical clinics
C) Emergency rooms
D) Multiservice clinics

Question 30

Health care in the United States is predominantly in the form of _____ medicine, a science-based approach that was largely developed in Europe and North America.

A) alternative
B) preventive
C) Western
D) holistic

Question 31

The main distinction between medical doctors and osteopaths is that osteopathic medicine places special emphasis on the body's _____ system, preventive medicine, and holistic care.

A) immune
B) neurological
C) musculoskeletal
D) cardiorespiratory

Question 32

A person who holds either an MD or a DO degree is primarily referred to as a(n) _____.

A) physician
B) specialist
C) surgeon
D) internist

Question 33

Medical education typically extends _____ years beyond the undergraduate degree.

A) 2-5
B) 4-10
C) 7-11
D) 9-15

Question 34

Which of the following are common courses taken during the first two years of medical school?

A) Biochemistry and medical ethics
B) Surgery and pediatrics
C) Physics and geometry
D) Philosophy and radiology

Question 35

Following medical school, almost all physicians _____.

A) enter a residency in a major hospital or medical center
B) practice medicine in a health care clinic
C) practice medicine in a community service center
D) enter a fellowship training

Question 36

Who are the frontline doctors who spend most of their time diagnosing and treating common and routine illnesses and diseases?

A) Primary care physicians
B) Emergency care physicians
C) General practitioners
D) Obstetricians/gynecologists

Question 37

What kind of care would a physician with a specialty in internal medicine most likely provide?

A) Emergency care
B) Primary care
C) Secondary care
D) Tertiary care

Question 38

_____ are the primary care specialists in the medical care of infants, children, and adolescents.

A) General practitioners
B) Dermatologists
C) Pediatricians
D) Obstetricians

Question 39

Which degree is awarded by most dental schools?

A) Doctor of Dental Medicine (DDM)
B) Certified Dental Practitioner (CDP)
C) Doctor of Dental Surgery (DDS)
D) Registered Dental Provider (RDP)

Question 40

Which of the following refers to a dental professional who specializes in treating the gums and the bones supporting the teeth?

A) Periodontist
B) Orthodontist
C) Maxillofacial surgeon
D) Oncologist

Question 41

An optometrist typically has an education of _____ years after his or her undergraduate degree.

A) 2
B) 4
C) 6
D) 8

Question 42

Which health care professional uses such methods as behavior therapy, group therapy, biofeedback, and cognitive retraining?

A) Clinical psychologist
B) Nurse practitioner
C) General physician
D) Clinical pharmacologist

Question 43

What is the typical length of a doctoral program in clinical psychology?

A) 2 to 4 years
B) 4 to 6 years
C) 5 to 7 years
D) 7 to 9 years

Question 44

Complex illnesses are treated and managed by medical teams led by physicians, and these teams contain a mix of allied health care professionals depending on the patient's particular medical condition. There are more than _____ allied health professions.

A) 100
B) 75
C) 50
D) 150

Question 45

Registered nurses make up the _____ group of health care professionals.

A) smallest
B) largest
C) second largest
D) third largest

Question 46

Which of the following is NOT a responsibility of a registered nurse?

A) Taking X-rays
B) Administering medication
C) Dressing wounds
D) Recording medical histories

Question 47

Which of the following refers to a health care professional licensed to practice medicine with a physician's supervision?

A) Health care provider
B) Registered nurse
C) Physician assistant
D) Osteopath

Question 48

Under the guidance of a physician, a _____ provides treatments that help patients restore function, improve mobility, relieve pain, and prevent or limit permanent physical disabilities of people suffering from injuries or disease.

A) health care provider
B) registered nurse
C) physician assistant
D) physical therapist

Question 49

A registered dietitian who coordinates medical and nutritional needs and provides nutritional services for patients in institutions such as hospitals and nursing care facilities is called a _____.

A) community dietitian
B) management dietitian
C) consultant dietitian
D) clinical dietitian

Question 50

Which of the following terms specifically refers to practices used at the same time as conventional medical practices?

A) Alternative medicine
B) Complementary medicine
C) Holistic medicine
D) Western medicine

Question 51

Which approach to medicine involves the diagnosis and treatment of illness within a biomedical framework using highly trained specialists and advanced technology?

A) Alternative medicine
B) Complementary medicine
C) Holistic medicine
D) Western medicine

Question 52

Identify an accurate statement about complementary medicine.

A) Complementary practices are often rooted in culture-specific traditions and medical customs passed down across generations.
B) The foundation of complementary medicine is the scientific method-the discovery and accumulation of knowledge through systematic and rigorous research.
C) Complementary medicine focuses on curing illness and disease through drugs and surgery, based on objective scientific evidence.
D) The complementary medicine approach involves the diagnosis and treatment of illness within a biomedical framework using highly trained specialists and advanced technology.

Question 53

In which year did the National Institutes of Health create the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health?

A) 1978
B) 1988
C) 1998
D) 2008

Question 54

Homeopathy was developed over _____ years ago in Europe by Samuel Hahnemann, a German physician.

A) 50
B) 100
C) 200
D) 400

Question 55

Identify the mind and body practice in which one focuses on breathing or on a mantra (a single word or syllable) and is taught to disregard other thoughts and emotions.

A) Chiropractic adjustment
B) Acupuncture
C) Osteopathic manipulative treatment
D) Meditation

Question 56

Which of the following refers to a professional who typically treats health problems associated with the muscular, nervous, and skeletal systems, especially the spine?

A) Orthopedic surgeon
B) Chiropractor
C) Homeopath
D) Acupuncturist

Question 57

Which of the following statements is true about chiropractic adjustment?

A) It always causes discomfort.
B) It is a surgical procedure.
C) It does not provide immediate improvements.
D) It is used to reduce pain and restore joint function.

Question 58

Which of the following is a complementary practice that was developed over 200 years ago in Europe by Samuel Hahnemann, a German physician?

A) Chiropractic
B) Osteopathy
C) Ayurveda
D) Homeopathy

Question 59

The coordinated combining of aspects of conventional Western medicine with those of complementary and alternative medicine is called _____.

A) mind-body medicine
B) integrative medicine
C) traditional medicine
D) inclusive medicine

Question 60

How do the large number of uninsured Americans contribute to the overall rise in health care costs?

Question 61

Describe the three main paths to becoming a registered nurse.

Question 62

What type of education is required for a person to become a registered dietitian?

Question 63

Explain what biologically based therapies are, giving at least one example.