Deck 28: Drugs Used for Diuresis

Question 1

The nurse has provided patient teaching about potassium sparing diuretic therapy.Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?

A) "I will take my medication in the morning."
B) "I will report a weight gain of 2 pounds in 2 days."
C) "I will rise slowly when I get up from a sitting position."
D) "I will use a salt substitute because I limit my salt intake."

Answer 1

"I will use a salt substitute because I limit my salt intake."

Question 2

How soon will diuresis be expected to occur after the nurse has administered 20 mg of furosemide (Lasix)intravenously (IV)to a patient with heart failure?

A) As soon as injected
B) Within 10 minutes
C) After 2 hours
D) After 4 hours

Answer 2

Within 10 minutes

Question 3

Which patient assessment would alert the nurse to withhold a loop diuretic?

A) Crackles in the lung bases
B) +2 pitting peripheral edema
C) Serum potassium of 2.6 mEq/L
D) Weight gain of 2 pounds in 2 days

Answer 3

Serum potassium of 2.6 mEq/L

Question 4

What would the nurse anticipate if a patient with a history of type 2 diabetes is prescribed a thiazide diuretic?

A) No change in the antidiabetic regimen
B) Decreased need for antidiabetic medication
C) Increased blood sugar levels
D) Less frequent monitoring of blood sugar level

Question 5

On admission,a patient with a history of cardiac insufficiency complains of shortness of breath.The nurse auscultates the lungs and notes bilateral crackles throughout both fields.In addition,there is bilateral +2 edema of the lower extremities.Which medication does the nurse anticipate that the health care provider will prescribe?

A) Allopurinol (Zyloprim)
B) Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
C) Mannitol
D) Furosemide (Lasix)

Question 6

Which medication,if administered with spironolactone (Aldactone),will alert the nurse to assess the patient for signs and symptoms of hyperkalemia?

A) Propranolol (Inderal)
B) Captopril (Capoten)
C) Furosemide (Lasix)
D) Ibuprofen (Motrin)

Question 7

The nurse would expect to assess which serum potassium level in a patient who has severe vomiting and diarrhea?

A) Less than 3.5 mEq/L
B) Between 3.5 and 4.5 mEq/L
C) Between 4.6 and 5 mEq/L
D) Higher than 5.5 mEq/L

Question 8

Which foods will the nurse recommend for a patient taking loop diuretics?

A) Protein-rich foods such as poultry, whole grains, and fish
B) Fiber-rich foods such as yellow vegetables, nuts, and lentils
C) Potassium-rich foods such as raisins, figs, and bananas
D) Sodium-rich foods such as canned vegetables and processed foods

Question 9

Which nursing intervention(s)would be performed for a patient who is on diuretic therapy?

A) Auscultation of lung sounds
B) Assessment of skin turgor
C) Initiation of electrolyte supplements
D) Positioning techniques
E) Monitoring of intake and output

Question 10

Which are common signs and symptoms of dehydration?

A) Furrowed tongue
B) Decreased intake and output levels
C) Bounding pulse rate
D) Mental confusion
E) Elastic skin turgor

Question 11

Which premedication assessment(s)would the nurse obtain prior to the initiation of bumetanide (Bumex)?

A) Serum potassium
B) Bowel sounds
C) Lung sounds
D) Orientation level
E) Blood pressure

Question 12

Which sign(s)and/or symptom(s)of dehydration may occur as a result of a diuretic?

A) Decreased urine specific gravity
B) Skin remains peaked on turgor assessment
C) Bounding peripheral pulses
D) Neck vein engorgement
E) Soft, sunken eyeballs

Question 13

Which medical condition(s)may contribute to fluid volume excess?

A) Hypertension
B) Liver disease
C) Pregnancy
D) Use of corticosteroids
E) Skin disorders

Question 14

A 37-year-old male presents at the emergency department reporting severe vomiting for the past 48 hours.When assessing skin turgor,the nurse will

A) exert pressure against the shin.
B) gently pinch the skin together over the sternum.
C) assess for vein distention.
D) inspect oral mucous membranes.

Question 15

The nurse is reviewing lab work received on a patient admitted with the diagnosis of dehydration.The nurse will notify the physician of which lab value?

A) Serum sodium level: 115 mEq/L
B) Serum potassium level: 5.0 mEq/L
C) Serum sodium level: 140 mEq/L
D) Serum potassium level: 3.5 mEq/L

Question 16

When teaching a patient who is taking thiazide diuretics,the nurse will encourage the patient to increase the intake of which electrolyte?

A) Calcium
B) Sodium
C) Potassium
D) Magnesium

Question 17

Individuals with which disorder(s)are particularly susceptible to the development of electrolyte disturbances during diuretic therapy?(Select all that apply.)

A) History of cardiac disease
B) History of renal disease
C) History of hormonal disorders
D) History of psychiatric illness
E) Massive trauma
F) Serious burns
G) Overhydration

Question 18

Which condition warrants the use of acetazolamide (Diamox)as a diuretic?

A) Increased intracranial pressure
B) Increased extravascular fluid pressure
C) Increased intraocular pressure
D) Periorbital edema

Question 19

A patient who has heart failure and difficulty breathing is being admitted.Which physical assessment(s)indicate(s)fluid volume excess?

A) Rapid, bounding, irregular pulse rate
B) Clear lung sounds
C) 3+ pitting ankle edema
D) Neck vein engorgement
E) Shortness of breath

Question 20

Which medication is a potassium sparing diuretic?

A) Acetazolamide (Diamox)
B) Spironolactone (Aldactone)
C) Furosemide (Lasix)
D) Bumetanide (Bumex)

Question 21

The nurse transcribes a new order for ethacrynic acid (Edecrin)on a patient with edema resulting from cirrhosis of the liver.Which currently prescribed medication(s)should the nurse report to the ordering health care provider?

A) Digoxin
B) Prednisone
C) Tobramycin
D) Lipitor
E) Zofran