Deck 8: Abused Heterosexual Partners: Primarily Women

Question 1

Which is FALSE about the Hedda Nussbaum case?

A) Hedda free-based cocaine at Joel's direction.
B) Hedda did not leave Joel because no one would help her.
C) Joel subjected Hedda to extreme physical and emotional abuse.
D) Hedda took no substantial action to save Lisa's life.

Answer 1

Hedda did not leave Joel because no one would help her.

Question 2

A chief reason that society may hold battered women responsible for staying with an abusive man is that a battered woman:

A) Can obtain societal help to stop the beatings.
B) Is an "adult" who can "give consent" or leave.
C) Appears to enjoy masochistic relationships.
D) "Made her bed" and now she "has to lie in it."

Answer 2

Is an "adult" who can "give consent" or leave.

Question 3

In terms of college students' level of sympathy for IPV victims who remained with abusive mates:

A) Students expressed anger at victims who still loved their abusers.
B) Students expressed less sympathy for victims who felt lonely or helpless.
C) Gender differences in blaming battered women emerged only for older victims.
D) Death threats against IPV victims have little influence on students' sympathy.

Answer 3

Students expressed less sympathy for victims who felt lonely or helpless.

Question 4

A survey of battered women's shelter workers found that:

A) About 10.9% held no opinions about the gender of the responsible person
B) Over 85.6% held husbands and wives equally to blame for the violence.
C) Only 3.2% held women solely responsible for the violence.
D) Only about 37.8% held husbands totally responsible for the violence.

Question 5

Many mental health professionals, medical personnel, and police tend to believe that:

A) Battered women are indirectly responsible for the IPV violence.
B) Whoever perpetrates IPV violence should be held responsible.
C) The problems of battered women are more serious that those of abused children.
D) The marriage bond should rarely, if ever, be broken solely because of IPV violence.

Question 6

Children's Protective Services (CPS):

A) Expects women to leave home if necessary to protect children from abuse.
B) Is as likely to label a mother a sexual abuser as to label a father.
C) Believes that "powerless authority" is irrelevant in dealing with mothers.
D) Tells women that police will protect them if they leave to save their children.

Question 7

Laws regarding mothers who do not leave husbands who abuse children:

A) Have been widely praised for their protective value for children.
B) Are as likely to hold fathers liable as they are mothers.
C) Seem to make a nonabusive mother liable for the offending father's abuse.
D) Do not hold the mother liable if she has obtained an order of protection against the abuser.

Question 8

The most immediate feeling experienced by crime victims is:

A) Anxiety
B) Guilt
C) Helplessness
D) Hopelessness

Question 9

Scholars are increasingly distinguishing IPV from other forms of interpersonal violence:

A) On the basis of duration.
B) On the basis of fear of the perpetrator.
C) In terms of the gender of the perpetrator.
D) In terms of its public acceptance.

Question 10

Neurological changes in the brain caused by chronic fear or stress are:

A) Usually temporary.
B) Usually connected with slow blood flow in the brain.
C) Most likely to involve the amygdala.
D) Most often reflected in prefrontal lobe numbing.

Question 11

Which statement is TRUE about the physical consequences of IPV?

A) One victim suffered from "shaken adult syndrome."
B) Brain injury occurs in less than 1% of the cases.
C) Vision impairment is the most common head injury.
D) Victims do as well on brain-function tests as nonvictims do.

Question 12

In a study of 57 sheltered and community women, Valera and Berenbaum (2003) found that among female IPV victims:

A) Suffering a head injury was rare in foreign countries.
B) Abuse severity was unrelated to psychopathology.
C) Body blows were less frequent than blows to the head.
D) Almost ¾ of had suffered at least one brain injury.

Question 13

An event(s) in which an individual experiences, witnesses, or is confronted with an actual or threatened death or serious injury is the definition of a:

A) Dysphoric event.
B) Pre-suicidal event.
C) Pathological event.
D) Traumatic event.

Question 14

Which statement is TRUE about battered women and PTSD?

A) Sexual abuse but not psychological abuse can trigger PTSD.
B) The pattern of IPV assaults is linked with the pattern of PTSD symptoms.
C) Studies suggest that between 40% and 60% of battered women have PTSD.
D) The setting of IPV assaults controls the variability of PTSD symptoms.

Question 15

Battered women suffering from PTSD are LEAST likely to exhibit:

A) Painful recollections.
B) Exaggerated startle response.
C) Low arousal.
D) Disturbed sleep.

Question 16

In terms of intellectual impairment, Launius and Jensen (1987) found that battered women were:

A) Deficient in language skills.
B) Poor at general problem solving.
C) Limited in their breadth of knowledge.
D) Motivationally impaired.

Question 17

Battered women are most likely to use which of the following coping strategies?

A) Reframing stressful events.
B) Seeking spiritual support.
C) Obtaining social support from family.
D) Placating and resisting.

Question 18

Which term is NOT related to the others?

A) Traumatic bonding.
B) Intermittent reward and punishment
C) Insecure attachment
D) Inadequate social support.

Question 19

Which term LEAST belongs with the others (does not refer to a similar condition)?

A) Traumatic bonding
B) Attachment
C) Symbolic interactionism
D) Hostage syndrome

Question 20

Behaviors such as praising the abuser, denying the abuse, and self-blame are most typical of:

A) Traumatic bonding.
B) Fearful attachment.
C) The hostage syndrome.
D) Learned helplessness

Question 21

Intermittent rewards coupled with sporadic violence seem to be the foundation of:

A) Avoidance coping.
B) Fears of abandonment.
C) Revictimization effects.
D) Traumatic bonding.

Question 22

Which of the following is NOT a type of attachment?

A) Secure
B) Preoccupied
C) Insecure
D) Dismissing

Question 23

Learned helplessness refers to an individual's failure to ________ after learning previously that he or she could not escape from a noxious situation:

A) Learn anything
B) Be fearful
C) To cope with pain
D) Try to escape

Question 24

Several researchers think that learned helplessness is not so much a personality/coping style as it is a:

A) Sad reflection of reality.
B) Genetic predisposition.
C) Distorted type of attachment.
D) Stage of problem solving.

Question 25

It is possible that the strange behavior of hostages, such as blaming themselves for their "captivity" and being isolated reflects:

A) A form of learned hopefulness
B) A form of generalized terror
C) A subjugation over-reaction
D) A struggle for survival

Question 26

Which statement is TRUE about learned helplessness and related research?

A) About 10% of IPV victims know they cannot escape their abusive partners.
B) There is no justification for extrapolating dog behavior to IPV victims.
C) IPV victims make more and more efforts to find help over the years.
D) Some evidence shows victims believe they have no control over abuse.

Question 27

Which statement is TRUE about perceptions of interpersonal control (IPC)?

A) Battered women rarely think a male partner's abuse is related to his desire for IPC.
B) Physical rather than sexual MFIPV increases women's belief in IPC.
C) An illusion of control refers to a victim's style of coping.
D) Battered women's belief in IPC may have no basis in reality.

Question 28

Of the following, which symptom is probably the most common among IPV victims:

A) Anxiety phobias
B) Depression
C) Mania
D) Suicide

Question 29

Among IPV victims who suffer depression, which of the following is NOT a symptom?

A) Issues with control
B) Changes in appetite
C) Fatigue
D) Sleep disturbances

Question 30

Which was NOT stated as a relationship between IPV and depression?

A) Women's but not men's depression increased over time when IPV was present...
B) Victims' depression was related to IPV not to a personality trait of on-going depression.
C) MFIPV shows little causal relationship to women's depression
D) If MFIPV stopped, women's depression decreased.

Question 31

Which statement is TRUE about psychopathology in individuals involved in IPV?

A) The National Comorbidity Survey revealed premarital mental disorders in men but not women.
B) A small minority (about 15%) of IPV victims has diagnosable problems such as an eating disorder.
C) There is a significant correlation between abuse severity and psychopathology.
D) There is no evidence linking IPV as a cause of psychopathology in female victims.

Question 32

Many women state that assaults increase their risk for:

A) Loss of their support system
B) Unemployment
C) Arrest
D) Controlling tendencies

Question 33

Which statement about batterers' interference with employment is FALSE?

A) Batterers use physical force, threats, and control tactics to prevent victims from working.
B) Over half of one sample of battered women said IPV caused absenteeism from work.
C) About one-third of batterers forbade their female partners to work.
D) Most batterers wanted their partners to go back to school and work part-time.

Question 34

Which statement about batterers' harassment in terms of employment is FALSE?

A) Batterers will lock their victim in a room so she cannot leave.
B) Batterers will cut off their victim's hair to embarrass her.
C) Batterers will fail to fulfill childcare obligations so she cannot leave.
D) Batterers will turn off an alarm clock so their victim will be late for work.

Question 35

Of many vulnerable groups, which group of women is at greatest risk for assault?

A) Young women.
B) Poorly educated women.
C) Lesbian women.
D) Poor women.

Question 36

The National Domestic Violence Hotline showed that:

A) Male callers primarily called to inquire about laws covering IPV.
B) The second most pressing problem facing IPV victims is the combination of a large gap in legal resources and inadequate responses on the part of the criminal justice system.
C) Most of the callers reported being diagnosed with PTSD.
D) Minority callers felt the Hotline cared little about their plight.

Question 37

Adler (1999) proposed that protective orders should be _____________ after an arrest for probable cause.

A) Mandatory
B) Recommended
C) Investigated
D) Suggested

Question 38

Which statement is FALSE regarding the statutory requirements that police should fulfill in addition to making an arrest?

A) Inquire about suspect's prior abuse
B) Inform victims of their legal rights
C) Ensure victims have somewhere safe to stay for the night
D) Offer assistance in obtaining a PO

Question 39

IPV victims often do not call the police when assaulted. Which of the following reasons "might" be most likely to motivate a victim to call the police?

A) Perception of IPV assaults as minor
B) Victim's desire to protect offender
C) Perception of the assault as a criminal offense.
D) Privacy concerns

Question 40

Which of the following represents a real improvement in police responses to MFIPV victims?

A) Specialized IPV police units.
B) Arresting adults who have been drinking.
C) Mandatory arrest policies.
D) Dual arrest policies.

Question 41

In Belknap et al.'s 1999 study, what percentage of IPV court cases was dismissed?

A) 28%
B) 51%
C) 16%
D) 72%

Question 42

Across several studies the strongest predictor of staying with an abuser was:

A) Having disabled rather than healthy children.
B) Loss of a current job coupled with having to move.
C) Having insufficient funds to leave.
D) Having a car but no place to go.

Question 43

Which of the following happens when a female victim leaves an abusive relationship?

A) Abusive behaviors stop.
B) Abusive behaviors increase.
C) Abusive behaviors stay relatively the same.
D) Abusive behaviors decrease temporarily, then increase with time.

Question 44

Which of the following appears to be the primary reason battered women stay?

A) Relationship commitment.
B) Inadequate protection by the laws.
C) Economic dependency.
D) Fear of loneliness.

Question 45

Which of the following was NOT mentioned as actions clergy should take?

A) Obtain more training about intimate partner rape.
B) Help victims understand how they became attracted to abusive men.
C) Avoid minimizing or denying victims' IPV experiences.
D) Help victims to define the real meaning of IPV.

Question 46

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a part of safety planning?

A) Having money hidden in a separate account.
B) Priming children to call nearby relatives.
C) Packing a suitcase containing important documents.
D) Locating a safe place to go.

Question 47

Shelter treatment is LEAST likely to include:

A) Finding a matching family to provide mentoring.
B) Teaching nonviolent parenting skills.
C) Enrolling women in substance abuse programs.
D) Helping victims fill out legal forms.

Question 48

According to Goodman (2003), which safety measure was listed as the most helpful tactic by female IPV victims?

A) Hiding important papers
B) Telling somebody in case something happened to them
C) Changing the locks so the abuser cannot get in
D) Packing a bag of clothes

Question 49

In order to leave, IPV victims generally need to:

A) Enlist the assistance of extended family members.
B) Change their belief systems.
C) Find employment out of state.
D) Get a permanent order of protection.

Question 50

Which of the following beliefs held by IPV victims was NOT mentioned as needing change?

A) Believing that IPV is normative.
B) Believing that they cause the abuse.
C) Believing that children are damaged by IPV.
D) Believing that they can stop the abuse.

Question 51

How does relationship commitment relate to a battered woman's decision to stay with her abuser?

A) Although most battered women are not committed to their relationship, they are too afraid to leave.
B) Battered women use fewer rationalizations to remain with their partner than nonbattered women do.
C) It is primarily only women with religious values who try to maintain their relationship.
D) Like other women battered women often believe they should stay "no matter what."

Question 52

Bauserman & Arias (1992) showed that battered women tried hard to make their relationship work in order to:

A) Prove to others that they were able to "turn around" a troubled man.
B) Claim later before a judge that they were entitled to alimony.
C) Justify the effort already spent in making the relationship work.
D) Avoid assuming any personal responsibility for their lives.

Question 53

A basic reason that some victims are able to accept violence is that:

A) They continue to hope that the violence will stop.
B) It is sexually stimulating to make up after a quarrel.
C) It is just a minor problem for them.
D) They have seen how their parents survived it.

Question 54

Some evidence suggests that the ultimate motivator for a victim's leaving is:

A) A grant that enables her to take classes to prepare her for employment.
B) The community's collaborative promise to end her vulnerability to IPV.
C) The victim's recognition of the detrimental effects of abuse on her children.
D) A woman's belief that the criminal justice system will punish her abuser.

Question 55

A victim's decision to remain with her abuser appears to be very strongly associated with:

A) Her feelings of relationship satisfaction.
B) Her parents' evaluation of her abuser.
C) The frequency of his promises to reform.
D) Her belief in his commitment to their children.

Question 56

Which characteristic LEAST accurately describes women who fail to seek help?

A) They are of nonminority racial status.
B) They have higher income.
C) They are relatively young.
D) They fear losing their children.

Question 57

According to situations mentioned in the text, dissatisfied women survivors:

A) Had spent more years with the abuser than satisfied women had.
B) Were more likely to have physical disabilities than satisfied women suffered.
C) Had fewer children fathered by the abusive partner than satisfied women had.
D) Were more likely than satisfied survivors to be sexually abused.

Question 58

In terms of approach-avoidance theory, victims remain with abusers because:

A) Fear conditioning has made them fear to be without a man.
B) They have extremely high levels of fear.
C) They vacillate between low fearfulness and high stress.
D) They no longer suffer from learned helplessness.

Question 59

What does Dalsbeimer (1998) think about societal responses to male IPV victims?

A) Male police are more likely than female medical personnel to help male victims.
B) It is unfortunate that society believes males are lying about female-to-male IPV victimization.
C) Neighbors can play a vital role in helping victimized male partners find safety.
D) First responders should listen to men's stories of IPV victimization and provide referrals.

Question 60

Male IPV victims are LEAST likely to believe that:

A) Their partner's violence is self-defensive.
B) It is too embarrassing to let others know.
C) Their children need their protection.
D) They love their wives.

Question 61

Discuss public attitudes toward battered women.

Question 62

What is post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as it applies to battered women?

Question 63

Discuss the usefulness of attachment theory as applied to battered women's behavior.

Question 64

How do relationship issues contribute to a battered woman's decision to remain with an abuser?

Question 65

Describe three broad reasons why battered women stay with abusive male partners.

Question 66

Which types of shelter counseling are best and why?

Question 67

Discuss the evidence regarding psychopathology in battered women.

Question 68

Why do women stay with abusive men?

Question 69

Describe legislation that is needed to protect women and children from abuse.

Question 70

What do shelters need to do to improve their services?

Question 71

Outline the obstacles women face in accessing community services.

Question 72

What is the appropriate role of medical providers in combating IPV?

Question 73

Why are battered women so fearful?

Question 74

What characteristics typical of battered women seem to be a consequence of being battered?

Question 75

Discuss recommendations for preventing IPV.

Question 76

What are some of the challenges FMIPV victims face when interacting with the criminal justice system?

Question 77

Why should community agencies collaborate to help battered victims?

Question 78

Discuss some of the reasons for a woman's reluctance to testify.

Question 79

Why are victims reluctant to call the police and What suggestions do you have to deal with victims' reluctance to call the police those challenges?

Question 80

How would you respond if it were up to you to prosecute Hedda Nussbaum? Why?