Deck 9: Infertility

Question 1

Significant advances have been made with most reproductive technologies.Which improvement has resulted in increased success related to preimplantation genetic diagnosis?

A) Embryos are transferred at the cleavage stage.
B) Embryos are transferred at the blastocyst stage.
C) More than two embryos can be transferred at a time.
D) Two cells are removed from each embryo.

Answer 1

Embryos are transferred at the blastocyst stage.

Question 2

Which condition would be inappropriate to treat with exogenous progesterone (human chorionic gonadotropin)?

A) Thyroid dysfunction
B) Recent miscarriage
C) PCOD
D) Oocyte retrieval

Answer 2

Thyroid dysfunction

Question 3

A woman inquires about herbal alternative methods for improving fertility.Which statement by the nurse is most appropriate when informing the client on which herbal preparations may improve ovulation induction therapy?

A) "You should avoid nettle leaf, dong quai, and vitamin E while you are trying to get pregnant."
B) "You may want to try black cohosh or phytoestrogens."
C) "You should take vitamins E and C, selenium, and zinc."
D) "Herbs have no bearing on fertility."

Answer 3

"You may want to try black cohosh or phytoestrogens."

Question 4

The nurse working with clients who have infertility concerns should be aware of the use of leuprolide acetate (Lupron)as a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)agonist.For which condition would this medication be prescribed?

A) Anovulatory cycles
B) Uterine fibroids
C) Polycystic ovary disease (PCOD)
D) Luteal phase inadequacy

Question 5

In vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET)is a common approach for women with blocked fallopian tubes or with unexplained infertility and for men with very low sperm counts.A husband and wife have arrived for their preprocedural interview.Which explanation regarding the procedure is most accurate?

A) "The procedure begins with collecting eggs from your wife's ovaries."
B) "A donor embryo will be transferred into your wife's uterus."
C) "Donor sperm will be used to inseminate your wife."
D) "Don't worry about the technical stuff; that's what we are here for."

Question 6

The nurse is having her first meeting with a couple experiencing infertility.The nurse has formulated the nursing diagnosis,"Deficient knowledge,related to lack of understanding of the reproductive process with regard to conception." Which nursing intervention does not apply to this diagnosis?

A) Assess the current level of factors promoting conception.
B) Provide information regarding conception in a supportive manner.
C) Evaluate the couple's support system.
D) Identify and describe the basic infertility tests.

Question 7

With regard to the assessment of female,male,or couple infertility,the nurse should be aware of which important information?

A) The couple's religious, cultural, and ethnic backgrounds provide emotional clutter that does not affect the clinical scientific diagnosis.
B) The investigation will take several months and can be very costly.
C) The woman is assessed first; if she is not the problem, then the male partner is analyzed.
D) Semen analysis is for men; the postcoital test is for women.

Question 8

An infertility specialist prescribes clomiphene citrate (Clomid,Serophene)for a woman experiencing infertility.She is very concerned about the risk of multiple pregnancies.What is the nurse's most appropriate response?

A) "This is a legitimate concern. Would you like to discuss further the chances of multiple pregnancies before your treatment begins?"
B) "No one has ever had more than triplets with Clomid."
C) "Ovulation will be monitored with ultrasound to ensure that multiple pregnancies will not happen."
D) "Ten percent is a very low risk, so you don't need to worry too much."

Question 9

An infertile woman is about to begin pharmacologic treatment.As part of the regimen,she will take purified FSH (Metrodin).The nurse instructs her that this medication is administered in the form of what?

A) Intranasal spray
B) Vaginal suppository
C) Intramuscular (IM) injection
D) Tablet

Question 10

A man smokes two packs of cigarettes a day.He wants to know if smoking is contributing to the difficulty he and his wife are having getting pregnant.Which guidance should the nurse provide?

A) "Your sperm count seems to be okay in the first semen analysis."
B) "Only marijuana cigarettes affect sperm count."
C) "Although smoking has no effect on sperm count, it can give you lung cancer."
D) "Smoking can reduce the quality of your sperm."

Question 11

Male fertility declines slowly after age 40 years; however,no cessation of sperm production analogous to menopause in women occurs in men.What condition is not associated with advanced paternal age?

A) Autosomal dominant disorder
B) Schizophrenia
C) Autism spectrum disorder
D) Down syndrome

Question 12

To provide adequate care,the nurse should be cognitive of which important information regarding infertility?

A) Is perceived differently by women and men.
B) Has a relatively stable prevalence among the overall population and throughout a woman's potential reproductive years.
C) Is more likely the result of a physical flaw in the woman than in her male partner.
D) Is the same thing as sterility.

Question 13

Which test is performed around the time of ovulation to diagnose the basis of infertility?

A) Hysterosalpingogram
B) Ultrasonography
C) Laparoscopy
D) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level

Question 14

A couple comes in for an infertility workup,having attempted to achieve pregnancy for 2 years.The woman,37 years of age,has always had irregular menstrual cycles but is otherwise healthy.The man has fathered two children from a previous marriage and had a vasectomy reversal 2 years ago.The man has had two normal semen analyses,but the sperm seem to be clumped together.What additional testing is needed?

A) Testicular biopsy
B) Antisperm antibodies
C) FSH level
D) Examination for testicular infection

Question 15

A probable cause for increasing infertility is the societal delay in pregnancy until later in life.What are the natural reasons for the decrease in female fertility?

A) Ovulation dysfunction
B) Endocrine dysfunction
C) Organ damage from toxins
D) Endometriosis
E) Tubal infections

Question 16

Many factors,male and female,contribute to normal fertility.Approximately 40% of cases of infertility are related to the female partner.Which factors are possible causes for female infertility?

A) Congenital or developmental
B) Hormonal or ovulatory
C) Tubal or peritoneal
D) Uterine
E) Emotional or psychologic

Question 17

A couple arrives for their first appointment at an infertility center.Which of the following is a noninvasive test performed during the initial diagnostic phase of testing?

A) Hysterosalpingogram
B) Endometrial biopsy
C) Sperm analysis
D) Laparoscopy

Question 18

Which statement regarding gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT)is most accurate?

A) Semen is collected after laparoscopy.
B) Women must have two normal fallopian tubes.
C) Ovulation spontaneously occurs.
D) Ova and sperm are transferred to one tube.

Question 19

Although remarkable developments have occurred in reproductive medicine,assisted reproductive therapies are associated with numerous legal and ethical issues.Nurses can provide accurate information about the risks and benefits of treatment alternatives to enable couples to make informed decisions about their choice of treatment.Which concern is unnecessary for the nurse to address before treatment?

A) Risks of multiple gestation
B) Whether or how to disclose the facts of conception to offspring
C) Freezing embryos for later use
D) Financial ability to cover the cost of treatment

Question 20

A couple is attempting to cope with an infertility problem.They want to know what they can do to preserve their emotional equilibrium.What is the nurse's most appropriate response?

A) "Tell your friends and family so that they can help you."
B) "Talk only to other friends who are infertile, because only they can help."
C) "Get involved with a support group. I'll give you some names."
D) "Start adoption proceedings immediately, because adopting an infant can be very difficult."

Question 21

Women who have undergone an oophorectomy,have ovarian failure,or a genetic defect may be eligible to receive donor oocytes (eggs).Which statements regarding oocyte donation are accurate?

A) Donor is inseminated with semen from the parent.
B) Donor eggs are fertilized with the male partner's sperm.
C) Donors are under 35 years of age.
D) Recipient undergoes hormonal stimulation.
E) Ovum is placed into a surrogate.

Question 22

Which procedure falls into the category of micromanipulation techniques of the follicle?

A) Intrauterine insemination
B) Preimplantation genetic diagnosis
C) Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ISCI)
D) Assisted hatching
E) IVF-ET

Question 23

Evaluation for infertility should be offered to couples who have failed to become pregnant after 1 year of regular intercourse or after 6 months if the woman is older than 35 years. Impaired fertility in women may be the result of numerous factors. Careful identification of the cause of infertility assists in determining the correct treatment plan. The nurse who chooses to work in the specialty of infertility must have an excellent understanding of these factors and causes. Match each factor affecting female infertility with the likely cause.

Endometriosis

A)Ovarian
B)Tubal or peritoneal factors
C)Uterine
D)Vaginal-cervical factors
E)Other factors

Question 24

Evaluation for infertility should be offered to couples who have failed to become pregnant after 1 year of regular intercourse or after 6 months if the woman is older than 35 years. Impaired fertility in women may be the result of numerous factors. Careful identification of the cause of infertility assists in determining the correct treatment plan. The nurse who chooses to work in the specialty of infertility must have an excellent understanding of these factors and causes. Match each factor affecting female infertility with the likely cause.

Isoimmunization

A)Ovarian
B)Tubal or peritoneal factors
C)Uterine
D)Vaginal-cervical factors
E)Other factors

Question 25

Evaluation for infertility should be offered to couples who have failed to become pregnant after 1 year of regular intercourse or after 6 months if the woman is older than 35 years. Impaired fertility in women may be the result of numerous factors. Careful identification of the cause of infertility assists in determining the correct treatment plan. The nurse who chooses to work in the specialty of infertility must have an excellent understanding of these factors and causes. Match each factor affecting female infertility with the likely cause.

Anorexia

A)Ovarian
B)Tubal or peritoneal factors
C)Uterine
D)Vaginal-cervical factors
E)Other factors

Question 26

Evaluation for infertility should be offered to couples who have failed to become pregnant after 1 year of regular intercourse or after 6 months if the woman is older than 35 years. Impaired fertility in women may be the result of numerous factors. Careful identification of the cause of infertility assists in determining the correct treatment plan. The nurse who chooses to work in the specialty of infertility must have an excellent understanding of these factors and causes. Match each factor affecting female infertility with the likely cause.

Thyroid dysfunction or obesity

A)Ovarian
B)Tubal or peritoneal factors
C)Uterine
D)Vaginal-cervical factors
E)Other factors

Question 27

Evaluation for infertility should be offered to couples who have failed to become pregnant after 1 year of regular intercourse or after 6 months if the woman is older than 35 years. Impaired fertility in women may be the result of numerous factors. Careful identification of the cause of infertility assists in determining the correct treatment plan. The nurse who chooses to work in the specialty of infertility must have an excellent understanding of these factors and causes. Match each factor affecting female infertility with the likely cause.

Endometrial or myometrial tumors

A)Ovarian
B)Tubal or peritoneal factors
C)Uterine
D)Vaginal-cervical factors
E)Other factors