Deck 37: Orthopedic

Question 1

A hinge joint is type of

A) fibrous joint.
B) ball-and-socket joint.
C) cartilaginous joint.
D) synovial joint.

Answer 1

synovial joint.

Question 2

A youth with an ankle injury was playing basketball and says he "turned real hard." This describes a(n)

A) tearing force injury.
B) direct force injury.
C) twisting force injury.
D) indirect force injury.

Answer 2

twisting force injury.

Question 3

What is a Colles' fracture?

A) An oblique fracture of the ulna
B) A fracture of the distal tibia
C) A comminuted fracture of the femur
D) A fracture in the distal radius

Answer 3

A fracture in the distal radius

Question 4

Which is a likely complication of a closed femur fracture?

A) Formation of blood clots that move to the brain, causing a stroke.
B) A light-headed feeling as blood rushes to the site of the fracture.
C) Severed nerves that paralyze the lower leg.
D) Blood collecting in the thigh tissues and slowing blood flow throughout the leg.

Question 5

What is a luxation?

A) A complete fracture of a bone.
B) A partial dislocation of a joint.
C) A partial fracture of a bone.
D) A complete dislocation of a joint.

Question 6

What does this picture show?

A) An open tibia fracture.
B) A closed femur fracture.
C) An open femur fracture.
D) A closed tibia fracture.

Question 7

What are the signs and symptoms of a strain?

A) Excruciating pain in the affected area and loosening of all connective tissue
B) Pain with movement, little or no swelling, possible tenderness to the area, possible bruising
C) Generalized pain, bruising of the affected area, and severe swelling
D) Generalized pain, generalized swelling, loosening of connective tissue in area

Question 8

What are the 6 Ps of assessing orthopedic trauma?

A) Pulses, peristalsis, paresthesia, pott, pallor, pain
B) Pressure, peristalsis, pulses, paralysis, pallor, pain
C) Pain, pallor, paresthesia, pulses, paralysis, pressure
D) Pott, pulses, pain, paralysis, pressure, paresthesia

Question 9

A woman accidentally rolled a car over her husband's foot and ankle while backing the car out of the driveway. You see no obvious signs of injury and the husband denies pain. You should

A) ask the patient to gently flex and relax his ankle.
B) assist the patient in standing and carefully walking.
C) manually stabilize the foot and ankle and apply a splint.
D) palpate the area for crepitus or subcutaneous emphysema.

Question 10

Which is an acceptable reason for splinting?

A) To compress nerves and lessen pain.
B) To limit the motion of a fractured bone.
C) To stop all blood flow through an extremity.
D) To provide complete care for the patient on-scene.

Question 11

Which is a sign that a splint is too tight?

A) The patient says that it feels like the splint is "squeezing" the extremity.
B) The patient's fingers become flushed and warm.
C) The patient says he cannot move the splinted area.
D) The patient's fingers turn pale and become cold.

Question 12

A splint should be long enough to immobilize

A) the area above and below the injury.
B) from the injured area to proximal joints.
C) only the affected area and below the injury.
D) from the injured area to distal joints.

Question 13

Which is an example of a soft splint?

A) Bipolar traction splint
B) SAM splint
C) Sling and swathe
D) Buddy taping

Question 14

You should ask your medical director or EMS agency coordinator regarding the use of

A) traction splints on open femur fractures.
B) rigid splints on closed femur fractures.
C) traction splints on closed femur fractures.
D) rigid splints on open femur fractures.

Question 15

What does this image depict?

A) A chest injury immobilized in a straight position.
B) An elbow injury immobilized in a straight position.
C) A forearm injury immobilized in a straight position.
D) A humerus injury immobilized in a straight position.

Question 16

What does this image depict?

A) Immobilization of a hip injury
B) Immobilization of a femur injury
C) Immobilization of an ankle injury
D) Immobilization of a lower leg injury

Question 17

This image depicts the last application step of which splint?

A) The SEFRS Adaptor
B) The Sager SX 405 Unipolar Traction Splint
C) A SAM Splint
D) A Bipolar Traction Splint

Question 18

A broken finger that has been taped with an anatomical splint is also called

A) finger taping.
B) buddy taping.
C) support taping.
D) open taping.

Question 19

Which type of hip dislocation is most often caused by a motor vehicle crash?

A) An anterior dislocation
B) A distal dislocation
C) A posterior dislocation
D) A lateral dislocation

Question 20

When splinting legs together, you should

A) move the good leg toward the bad leg.
B) tie the straps directly next to the patient.
C) move the bad leg toward the good leg.
D) place ties at the feet, ankles, and knees.

Question 21

In a straight immobilization of the knee, the outside board should extend from the

A) hip to the ankle.
B) knee to the ankle.
C) hip to the knee.
D) armpit to the ankle.

Question 22

The ischium bone is located in the

A) pelvis.
B) skull.
C) shoulder.
D) ankle.

Question 23

What are the main parts of a muscle?

A) Insertion, origin, and body
B) Body, tendon, and sinew
C) Origin, ligament, and insertion
D) Tendon, sinew, and ligament

Question 24

A linear fracture is a fracture that is__________ the bone's long axis.

A) shattered on
B) diagonal to
C) parallel to the
D) at a right angle to

Question 25

Most sprains and strains can be treated with

A) ice, rest, and elevation.
B) rest, taping, and splinting.
C) elevation, ice, and bandages.
D) taping, bandages, and splinting.

Question 26

At a car crash, a patient is in cardiac arrest. While positioning her for CPR you suspect she has a closed femur fracture. Once you have regained a pulse and she is breathing, you should

A) temporarily stabilize her with a long board and expedite transport to the hospital.
B) temporarily stabilize her leg with a traction splint and expedite transport to the hospital.
C) stabilize her leg with a traction splint and check her breathing every 5 minutes.
D) stabilize her leg with two long boards and check her breathing every 5 minutes.

Question 27

The skeletal system is divided into the

A) axial and appendicular skeletons.
B) anterior and posterior skeletons.
C) axial and anterior skeletons.
D) upper and lower skeletons.

Question 28

What is a swathe?

A) A dressing used to clean blood from a wound
B) A board used to immobilize an injured wrist
C) A bandage that secures a dressed arm to the chest
D) The wrap that acts as a sling to support an injured arm

Question 29

The distal radius connects to the

A) elbow.
B) thumb.
C) pinky.
D) ulna.

Question 30

What are the three main parts of skeletal muscles?

A) Body, tendons, and ligaments
B) Fibers, nerves, and blood vessels
C) Origin, insertion, and body
D) Body, fibers, and connective tissue

Question 31

Which is an example of a direct force injury?

A) Straining your back while lifting.
B) Twisting your ankle while playing tennis.
C) Breaking your hand in a closing door.
D) All of these are correct.

Question 32

What type of fracture is pictured here?

A) Comminuted
B) Open
C) Linear
D) Greenstick

Question 33

What is an epiphyseal plate?

A) The mark left after a bone fracture heals
B) The posterior region of the scapula
C) The area of cartilage involved in bone growth
D) The anterior region of the pelvic girdle

Question 34

The bony upper left region of this femur is called the

A) epiphysis.
B) epiphyseal plate.
C) diaphysis.
D) compact bone.

Question 35

In a closed fracture of a femur, you should

A) check for a dislocation of the hip joint.
B) check for signs of significant internal bleeding.
C) determine what type of fracture is present.
D) All of these are correct.

Question 36

After a joint dislocation, the increasing pain is often caused by

A) awareness of the extent of the damage.
B) increased vascular flow to the area.
C) increased nerve sensitivity in the area.
D) spasms from the surrounding muscles.

Question 37

What is a sprain?

A) A small fracture along the diaphysis
B) The stretching or tearing of a ligament
C) The twisting, pulling, or tearing of a muscle
D) A loss of synovial fluid in a joint

Question 38

Why can a knee dislocation be a life threatening injury?

A) Venous return is compromised by the damaged joint.
B) There is infection from the reduction of blood flow.
C) The popliteal artery can be cut or compressed.
D) A blood clot can form in the femoral artery.

Question 39

When assessing a patient with musculoskeletal trauma, what does PMS stand for?

A) Pain, movement, symptoms.
B) Posterior, medial, sagittal.
C) Pulse, movement, sensation.
D) Pulse, movement, symptoms.

Question 40

A man complains of minor pain in his knee after running in a marathon, and you see only slight swelling. You should advise the patient to

A) apply a hot pad to his knee.
B) apply an ice pack to his knee.
C) submerge his knee in cool water.
D) None of these are correct.

Question 41

When splinting a tibia, the splint should cover

A) the knee and the ankle.
B) the hip and knee.
C) the hip, knee, and ankle.
D) only the fractured bone.

Question 42

Most sprains and strains can be treated with

A) splints, rest, and stabilization.
B) rest, ice, and elevation.
C) ice, heat, and compression.
D) elevation, stabilization, and ice.

Question 43

When you see somebody holding his injured wrist to his chest, this is called

A) self-support.
B) an anatomical splint.
C) a body splint.
D) joint stabilization.

Question 44

Which is an acceptable reason for splinting?

A) To compress nerves and lessen a patient's pain
B) To stop all blood flow in an extremity
C) To take care of a injury at the scene
D) To prevent a closed injury from becoming an open injury

Question 45

When applying a splint, which step comes FIRST?

A) Pad the area to reduce discomfort.
B) Assessing PMS proximal to the injury.
C) Assessing PMS distal to the injury.
D) Covering open wounds with a dressing.

Question 46

After 624 applying a splint to a patient's forearm, the radial pulse on the splinted extremity weakens. You should

A) immobilize the area, loosen the splint, and readjust it.
B) take the splint off completely and have the patient self-splint.
C) place pads into the splint to loosen it.
D) leave it alone unless the arm entirely loses its pulse.

Question 47

When using a triangular bandage to sling an arm, the knot should be located

A) in the armpit.
B) in the hand.
C) on the back of the neck.
D) to the side of the neck.

Question 48

What is a traction splint?

A) A device that immobilizes a long bone fracture.
B) A splint with a boot so the patient can walk.
C) A device that immobilizes wrist and ankle joints.
D) A splint made of a hard material.

Question 49

If necessary, when should you apply padding to a splint?

A) Never apply padding to a splint.
B) Before placing the splint against the patient.
C) At the time you place the splint against the patient.
D) After placing the splint against the patient.

Question 50

Because of the force involved, an injury to pelvis also requires

A) spinal stabilization.
B) an inspection for chest injury.
C) a full body splint.
D) an inspection for upper limb fractures.

Question 51

In a motor vehicle crash, the knees strike the dashboard and transmit the force through the femur to the hip. You should suspect a(n) _______ dislocation.

A) anterior
B) Medial
C) posterior
D) distal

Question 52

What does this image depict?

A) Immobilization of a femur fracture
B) Immobilization of a pelvic fracture
C) Immobilization of a hip dislocation
D) Immobilization of an ankle injury

Question 53

What does this image depict?

A) Immobilization of the lower leg by an air splint.
B) Immobilization of the lower leg by a SAM splint.
C) Immobilization of the lower leg by padded boards.
D) Immobilization of the lower leg by a traction splint.

Question 54

According to the text, what are the possible splints for a pelvic injury?

A) Long padded board splint, vacuum splint, and using the leg as a splint.
B) Long backboard with a blanket or pillow between the legs, scoop stretcher, PASG.
C) Preformed leg splint, pillow or blanket, air splint, vacuum splint.
D) Long backboard, scoop stretcher, PASG, pelvic sling, STORM wrap and cravats.

Question 55

When splinting a femur fracture, the long board on the outside should extend from the

A) armpit to the top of the knee.
B) pelvis to the top of the knee.
C) armpit to the bottom of the foot.
D) groin to the bottom of the foot.

Question 56

What is the purpose of the SEFRS?

A) It immobilizes a limb fracture "as found."
B) It tightens a body-length splint.
C) It realigns fractured bones.
D) It permits a victim to walk on a dislocated joint.