Deck 15: Counseling Programs in Schools

Question 1

Counseling in elementary schools began much later than it did in secondary schools.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Counselors in elementary schools are typically housed in the district office so that they can be readily available to see parents when children have discipline problems.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Elementary counselors have a more difficult time defining their populations than do secondary school counselors.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Children at the age of five are verbal in their thinking but usually can handle only one concept at a time.

Question 5

Because of the large differences in age and sophistication of elementary school children, elementary counselors need a wider repertoire of theories and techniques than do counselors in secondary schools.

Question 6

Play activity is used by counselors primarily to observe the child's behavior so that counselors can make an accurate diagnosis of the child's problem.

Question 7

Since elementary teachers have the same children in class for most of the day, they can handle a lot of the counseling needs of children.

Question 8

Pressure on elementary school children to make occupational choices is more common than people generally realize.

Question 9

Referrals to counselors for educational problems are more numerous in elementary schools than in secondary schools.

Question 10

By the year 2020 the majority of public school students will be from various ethnic groups.

Question 11

The Strong Interest Inventory is a useful vocational interest inventory to use in upper high school grades.

Question 12

Adolescents put top priority on vocational choice and exploration.

Question 13

A primary developmental concern of high school students is their striving for autonomy.

Question 14

When a client's problem proves to be straightforward career exploration, it is wise to introduce tests immediately to save time and hold client's interest.

Question 15

When high school students are having conflicts with parents or teachers, counselors serve best as ombudsman.

Question 16

Grants for training elementary counselors were given in 1968 by which one of the following?

A) National Parent Teacher Association
B) National Defense Education Act
C) National Education Association
D) American School Counselor Association

Question 17

ASCA recommends that the ratio of elementary counselors to students should be

A) One to 400-600
B) One to 750-1000
C) One to 100-300
D) None of the above

Question 18

Concerning techniques, elementary counselors generally

A) Use fewer techniques than high school or community counselors
B) Have a wider repertoire than high school or community counselors
C) Use about the same as high school or community counselors
D) Use more than high school but less than community counselors

Question 19

Which of the following is not a major goal of play activity used by counselors?

A) Help to establish rapport
B) Help with socialization skills
C) Help children reveal and act out feelings
D) Help to analyze children's behavior

Question 20

Which of the following theories has Keat modified for children?

A) Multimodal
B) Gestalt
C) Rogerian
D) Rational-Emotive

Question 21

Which of the following statements is not true regarding counseling ethnic elementary school children?

A) Language barriers do not especially affect young children
B) Counselors need to develop resources to bridge cultural gaps between school and home
C) Counselors should consult regularly with respected numbers of ethnic neighborhoods
D) Bilingual interpreters should be available at schools on a regular basis

Question 22

Which of the following is not true about counseling referrals in elementary school?

A) Psychoeducational activities reduce the need for referrals to counselors.
B) Elementary teachers refer more frequently than do secondary teachers.
C) Elementary principals are more likely to refer students than are secondary principals.
D) Parents are an important referral source.

Question 23

Who of the following contributed to the literature about counseling with children?

A) Keat
B) Allan
C) Thompson and Rudolph
D) They all have contributed

Question 24

Psychoeducational activities in elementary schools are designed for all but one of the following purposes

A) To help children become aware of feelings and build social skills
B) To help children who are disruptive in the classroom
C) To help children become aware of family values that may be detrimental
D) To help children learn self reliance and social-responsibility

Question 25

Regarding current secondary counselor role, which of the below is correct according to surveys?

A) Counselors are doing less counseling
B) Some positive changes in the counselor's role are occurring
C) The situation is about the same as it has been
D) It is difficult to speculate because of inconsistent survey results

Question 26

ASCA recommends which of the following ratios in secondary school?

A) One counselor to 300 students
B) One counselor to 550 students
C) One counselor to 1000 students
D) One counselor to 125 students

Question 27

Which of the following is least appropriate to use in counseling with a freshman in high school?

A) The Kuder Occupational Interest Survey
B) The Differential Aptitude Tests
C) The Strong Interest Inventory
D) Holland's Self-Directed Search

Question 28

Which of the following are factors to consider in counseling with secondary school ethnic students?

A) Family patterns
B) Socio-economic conditions
C) Spiritual concerns
D) All of the above are factors

Question 29

Which of the following techniques is recommended for groups in secondary schools?

A) Role playing
B) Soliloquies
C) Pantomimes
D) All of the above are recommended

Question 30

Which one of the following is true regarding outreach programs in secondary schools?

A) The most common type of psychological courses offered are life skills
B) Collaborative programs with community agencies for crises interventions are increasing
C) School counselors take the major role in debriefing traumatized students after an act of violence occurs
D) All of the above are true.

Question 31

Give three reasons why elementary counseling began much later than secondary counseling.

Question 32

Describe the steps in individual counseling with children.

Question 33

Describe appropriate use of creative arts activities with children.

Question 34

What are the major counseling needs of elementary school children and how do these needs relate to social development?

Question 35

Discuss when group counseling is appropriate in elementary schools.

Question 36

What are the arguments for and against having elementary counselors involved in family counseling?

Question 37

What are the major purposes of psychoeducational activities for elementary school children? Give examples of some of these activities used by counselors.

Question 38

What are the particular difficulties that ethnic children face when attending a predominantly White middle class school? In what ways can elementary counselors improve their services for ethnic children?

Question 39

Define attachment theory. Indicate the factors that contribute to a secure and to an insecure attachment.

Question 40

Laura Berk has given considerable attention to moral development in children. What is her major theme?

Question 41

Two primary approaches used by counselors are non-directive and directive play therapy. Explain the differences in these two approaches.

Question 42

Describe the processes that are involved in developing and establishing a comprehensive developmental school program.

Question 43

Discuss some of the reasons why secondary school counselors have difficulties offering adequate counseling services.

Question 44

Briefly indicate why high school counselors should expect transference, resistance, and countertransference to occur with their adolescent clients.

Question 45

Describe how the program Getting on the Right Track helped African-American ninth grade students improve their academic performance.

Question 46

Describe the type of career tests and inventories available to secondary school counselors.

Question 47

Describe a situation in which a high school student has personal conflicts about careers.

Question 48

Discuss how a high school counseling staff can be effectively involved in prevention and intervention regarding acts of violence.

Question 49

In what ways can high school counselors be effective consultants to teachers, administrators and parents?

Question 50

Describe two major concepts of Glasser's choice theory. Discuss the process by which the counselor helps clients in schools work through problems.