Deck 12: Safety, Health, Well-Being, & Security

Question 1

Many experts believe that OSHA is LEAST effective because:

A) its standardsare very comprehensive.
B) its standards lack clarity.
C) it releaseshighly specific standards that are seldom applicable to all industries.
D) it brings in a completely new set of standards for various industries each year.
E) it seldom revises its old standards.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

A minor explosion occurs at the chemical processing plant of Chemicalz Inc.In order to study the situation and make recommendations for improvements in the plant design to avoid such accidents in future, the company sends a team of experts from its headquarters.These people are referred as _____.

A) safety engineers
B) inspection officers
C) quality analysts
D) OSHA inspectors
E) arbitrators

Answer 2

A

Question 3

A general feeling of exhaustion that occurs when too much pressure is experienced at work is called turnover.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Which of the following is true of the safety climate of an organization?

A) It is concerned with the set of expected behaviors associated with a position.
B) It only focuses on punishing employees for violating safety regulations.
C) It does not influence employee behavior on the job.
D) It is the perception of the importance an organization gives for safety.
E) ​It is a condition in the work environment that causes people toleave their jobs voluntarily.

Question 5

Health hazards refer to _____.

A) stressors associated with the specific job a person performs
B) elements of the workenvironment that more slowly and systematically, andperhaps cumulatively, result in damage to an employee'shealth
C) a set of expected behaviors associated with a position in a group or organization
D) physical demands related to a job setting
E) generalfeelings of exhaustion thatdevelop when an individualsimultaneously experiencestoo much pressure and toofew sources of satisfaction

Question 6

Employers must reportaccidents and illnesses that result in deathimmediately and directly to OSHA.

Question 7

Role ambiguity and role conflict are considered part of interpersonal demands that cause stress.

Question 8

The Type A personality is characterized by a high focus on work and competition.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT true of common workplace hazards and threats?

A) They are caused due to defective equipment and tools at the workplace.
B) They are highly dependent on the characteristic of the physical environment.
C) They are mostly occupational hazards caused at the workplace.
D) They are mostly restricted to manufacturing settings.
E) They occur in almost any work setting.

Question 10

Research evidence shows that attitudes and decision making on the job is independent of temperatures at the workplace.

Question 11

The _____ isan agency within the Department of Health thatconductsresearch to helpestablish appropriatesafety and health criteria.

A) National Institute forOccupational Safetyand Health
B) Society for Human Resource Management
C) Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
D) Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs
E) Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission

Question 12

Which of following is true of the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA)?

A) Its standards are highly generalized and are not applicable to all industries.
B) Its standards are applicable only to manufacturing companies.
C) Its standards are very comprehensive and voluminous.
D) Its provisions are enforced by the Department of Justice.
E) Its provisions are applicable only to companies that request OSHA inspections.

Question 13

Overload, a task demand stressor, is invariably quantitative.

Question 14

An organization is prohibited from creating its own safety precautions for preventing accidents at the workplace without involving OSHA.

Question 15

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)routinely taps the phone conversations of persons whowere suspected of terrorist activities.

Question 16

The physical layout of office space and the use of dividers and cubicles do not directly influence attitudes and behaviors of employees.

Question 17

Who among the following people is most likely to be susceptible to occupational health hazards?

A) Rose, a salesperson in a retail store, being paid based on sales volumes
B) Sally, a designer, working in a garment manufacturing company where equipment is arranged in a random manner
C) Robert, a software engineer, working in a company with congested work stations
D) Edwin, a laborer, working in a company producing asbestos insulation sheets
E) Brian, an assembly line worker, employed in an automobile company often using defective machinery that delays production

Question 18

Organizations can be fined for major violations of the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA).

Question 19

An employee of Speedz Corp., a car manufacturing company, dies on the job because of equipment malfunction.This is the fifth incident that has happened over a period of three months.OSHA finds that Speedz Corp.is guilty of violation of safety regulations.In this case, OSHA is most likely to:

A) shut down the firm for violating safety regulations.
B) change the management of the firm.
C) fine the firm for repeated major violations.
D) order the employer to issue a public apology.
E) issue a warning to the management with instructions to avoid such incidents in future.

Question 20

The _____ is a comprehensive law that enforces standards for the protection and well-being of employees at the workplace.

A) Worker Safety Act
B) Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act
C) Safety, Health and Welfare Act
D) Workplace Safety and Health Act
E) Occupational Safety and Health Act

Question 21

If Jacob experiences the psychological consequences of stress, he is most likely to _____.

A) ​suffer from frequent headaches
B) take up smoking as a means to relieve stress
C) feel depressed and not sleep enough
D) do only enough work to get by
E) be absent for work due to legitimate reasons

Question 22

In the context of the differences in how different people experience stress, which of the following statements is true?

A) Individuals with the Type A personality are patient, easy going, and generally experience less stress.
B) Individuals with the Type B personality tend to behighlycompetitive and highlyfocused on work with fewinterests outside of work.
C) A high degree of hardiness increases the stress experienced by an individual associated with stressful events.
D) Gender does not play a significant role in determining how an individual experiences stress.
E) Individuals high in self-esteem have a positive outlook toward life and are less susceptible to stress-related problems.

Question 23

_____ is an adaptive response to stimulus that places intense physical or psychological demands on an individual.

A) Antishock
B) Conflict
C) Stress
D) Hardiness
E) Exhaustion

Question 24

Which of the following is true of turnover?

A) It helps an organization to cut labor costs.
B) It adds to the costs of an organization when replacing workers who quit their jobs.
C) It occurs when people move to different locations of their current employer.
D) It occurs if an organization providessufficient flexibility to employees to maintain a proper work-life balance.
E) It refers to the challenges faced by employees because of the job setting.

Question 25

Which of the following is true of research studies on the influence of the physical environment at work on individuals?

A) Changes in the physical environment have the strongest effect on employee performance.
B) Younger employees prefer working on rotating shifts and are able to cope with changes in biological rhythms.
C) The physical environment at work has very little influence on the attitudes of employees.
D) Employees who perceive their work environments as dark are generally less satisfied with their jobs.
E) The use of music in the workplace has no significant effect on employee attitudes and performance.

Question 26

Which of the following is true of circadian rhythms?

A) They are observed mainly in people who are below 18 years of age.
B) They are related to the eating and sleeping cycles of a human body.
C) They are observed when individuals suffer from a burnout.
D) They are independent of the metabolic processes of the human body.
E) They are mostly observed in individuals who work during the day.​

Question 27

_____ refers to a generalfeeling of exhaustion thatdevelops when an individualsimultaneously experiencestoo much pressure and toofew sources of satisfaction.

A) Burnout
B) Turnover
C) Absenteeism
D) Tension
E) Retention

Question 28

_____ programs for managing stress include properly designed jobs and work schedules.

A) Enrichment
B) Collateral stress
C) Institutional
D) Employee assistance
E) Empowerment

Question 29

A person with _____ is likely to experience less stress.

A) the Type A personality
B) the Type B personality
C) low self esteem
D) low hardiness
E) the Type D personality

Question 30

Which of the following is true of task demands?

A) They are drastically reduced by increasing the responsibility of individuals in their job.
B) They are mainly caused due to an ambiguity in the role performed by an individual in a job.
C) They are not qualitative but quantitative.
D) They are associated with the specific job a person performs.
E) They relate to the physical aspects of the work environment.

Question 31

If a person experiences the positive consequences of stress, he or she is most likely to _____.

A) lose self-esteem
B) be authoritative in his or her decision-making process at work
C) be motivated and takes up challenges at work
D) show a low degree of hardiness in his or her behavior
E) indulge in dysfunctional behaviors

Question 32

Farhan, a software programmer, is allocated a new project with a tight deadline.Due to differences in time zones between his location and that of the client, he has to work during nights thrice a week.In this scenario, Farhan is most likely to have a negative attitude toward his job due to _____.

A) inadequate lighting at his workplace
B) improper work schedules
C) group pressures
D) hardiness
E) adverse temperature

Question 33

Which of the following is a characteristic of individuals with the Type B personality?

A) They are highly focused on their work.
B) They are very patient and easygoing.
C) They are highly aggressive in their behavior.
D) ​They have very few interests outside work.
E) ​They experience high levels of stress at work.

Question 34

Which of the following is true of individuals who have a high degree of hardiness?

A) They are highly emotional in their attitude.
B) They are individuals who effectively deal with stress.
C) They become very aggressive when experiencing high levels of stress.
D) They seldom deviate their mind from work to avoid stress.
E) They are highly susceptible to problems associated with stress.

Question 35

Which of the following is an organizational consequence of stress?

A) Appetite disorders
B) Backaches
C) Sleep disruption
D) Ulcers
E) Absenteeism

Question 36

Which of the following is a role demand stressor?

A) Occupation
B) Security
C) Overload
D) Ambiguity
E) Office design

Question 37

_____ is a physical demand stressor.

A) Group pressure
B) Job security
C) Adverse temperature
D) Overload
E) Role conflict

Question 38

The stressors associated with getting along with coworkers are referred to as _____.

A) empowerment demands
B) enrichment demands
C) physical demands
D) task demands
E) interpersonal demands

Question 39

In her job as a flight attendant, Courtney is required to be on her feet for long periods of time, help people with baggage, push food carts, and spend a lot of time in crowded, poorly ventilated, noisy airplanes.These aspects of Courtney's work environment constitute the ____ demands of her job.

A) task
B) role
C) interpersonal
D) physical
E) behavioral

Question 40

_____ is designed to provide some incomefor employees who are temporarily unable to work.

A) Worker compensation
B) Social Security
C) Health insurance
D) Wage insurance
E) Disability insurance

Question 41

Discuss the approaches that companies can use to mitigate the adverse impact of stress in the workplace.

Question 42

What are some common workplace hazards?

Question 43

Scenario 12.1
Jude Logan is the human resource manager for a large metal processing company.He is responsible for helping line managers monitor safety awareness in the company through various training initiatives and safety seminars.The work performed in the company is often hazardous.For instance, many employees must work with machinery that can cause personal injury.Work is performed in shifts under adverse temperatures, and the various job activities require employees to coordinate with each other.If the work is not performed competently, faulty products might physically harm the customers who use them.Jude has developed various programs to mitigate concerns about stress on the job, including an employee feedback system that gives individuals the opportunity to help improve the workplace, as well as an on-site workout facility.
Refer to Scenario 12.1.The stressors associated with the importance of performing work competently constitute _____.

A) quality demands
B) role demands
C) physical demands
D) task demands
E) interpersonal demands

Question 44

Scenario 12.1
Jude Logan is the human resource manager for a large metal processing company.He is responsible for helping line managers monitor safety awareness in the company through various training initiatives and safety seminars.The work performed in the company is often hazardous.For instance, many employees must work with machinery that can cause personal injury.Work is performed in shifts under adverse temperatures, and the various job activities require employees to coordinate with each other.If the work is not performed competently, faulty products might physically harm the customers who use them.Jude has developed various programs to mitigate concerns about stress on the job, including an employee feedback system that gives individuals the opportunity to help improve the workplace, as well as an on-site workout facility.
Refer to Scenario 12.1.The stressors associated with getting along and coordinating well with other workers are known as _____.

A) role demands
B) quality demands
C) physical demands
D) task demands
E) interpersonal demands

Question 45

Scenario 12.1
Jude Logan is the human resource manager for a large metal processing company.He is responsible for helping line managers monitor safety awareness in the company through various training initiatives and safety seminars.The work performed in the company is often hazardous.For instance, many employees must work with machinery that can cause personal injury.Work is performed in shifts under adverse temperatures, and the various job activities require employees to coordinate with each other.If the work is not performed competently, faulty products might physically harm the customers who use them.Jude has developed various programs to mitigate concerns about stress on the job, including an employee feedback system that gives individuals the opportunity to help improve the workplace, as well as an on-site workout facility.
Refer to Scenario 12.1.The workout facility provided by the company is considered a(n) _____ program.

A) enrichment
B) collateral stress
C) institutional
D) empowerment
E) executive compensation

Question 46

Write a short note on ways to control accidents at the workplace.

Question 47

Describe the causes of stress at work.

Question 48

Identify and discuss the individual characteristics that impact how a person experiences stress.

Question 49

Scenario 12.1
Jude Logan is the human resource manager for a large metal processing company.He is responsible for helping line managers monitor safety awareness in the company through various training initiatives and safety seminars.The work performed in the company is often hazardous.For instance, many employees must work with machinery that can cause personal injury.Work is performed in shifts under adverse temperatures, and the various job activities require employees to coordinate with each other.If the work is not performed competently, faulty products might physically harm the customers who use them.Jude has developed various programs to mitigate concerns about stress on the job, including an employee feedback system that gives individuals the opportunity to help improve the workplace, as well as an on-site workout facility.
Refer to Scenario 12.1.The stressors associated with the shift work being performed in adverse temperatures are known as _____.

A) role demands
B) empowerment demands
C) physical demands
D) task demands
E) interpersonal demands

Question 50

Scenario 12.1
Jude Logan is the human resource manager for a large metal processing company.He is responsible for helping line managers monitor safety awareness in the company through various training initiatives and safety seminars.The work performed in the company is often hazardous.For instance, many employees must work with machinery that can cause personal injury.Work is performed in shifts under adverse temperatures, and the various job activities require employees to coordinate with each other.If the work is not performed competently, faulty products might physically harm the customers who use them.Jude has developed various programs to mitigate concerns about stress on the job, including an employee feedback system that gives individuals the opportunity to help improve the workplace, as well as an on-site workout facility.
Refer to Scenario 12.1.The feedback program is considered a(n) ____ program.

A) empowerment
B) collateral stress
C) institutional
D) quality approach
E) paired sample