Deck 13: Health Psychology

Question 1

Dr. Koram specializes in providing support to people who are obese and are trying to make lifestyle changes to eat and live healthier. Dr. Koram is working in which area of health psychology?

A) Research
B) Application
C) Policy
D) Advocacy

Answer 1

Application

Question 2

__________ is a positive perception of meaning and purpose in life.

A) Quality of life
B) Wellness orientation
C) Spiritual wellness
D) Relational wellness

Answer 2

Spiritual wellness

Question 3

The Wheel of Wellness model consists of five major tasks: creative, coping, physical, __________.

A) meditative, and social
B) social, and behavioral
C) desire, and essential
D) essential, and social

Answer 3

essential, and social

Question 4

The __________ is an environmental model that examines how people and their environment influence each other.

A) Relational Model
B) Social Ecology Model
C) Community Model
D) Interactivist Model

Question 5

When you believe that pills generally work and you desire relief from a symptom, often even a fake pill can bring you relief. This is known as the __________ effect.

A) somatic
B) conversion
C) canned
D) placebo

Question 6

Candace's mother begs the doctor to give her daughter something to help her pain. The doctor reluctantly prescribes something that he doubts will work at all. However, relieved, Candace's mother takes her home and is more nurturing and positive around her. Candace begins to get better under this loving care. This is a case of __________.

A) psychosomatic wellness
B) behavioral wellness
C) placebo by proxy
D) miraculous healing

Question 7

Amanda is having headaches on a regular basis. The doctor can't find a reason for her headaches but notices that she is living a stressful lifestyle, holding down two jobs while going to school. The doctor prescribes a medication but also sends her to a class on stress management. Most likely, Amanda's headaches are __________.

A) psychosomatic
B) part of a placebo response
C) not treatable
D) going to go away on their own

Question 8

Which of the following is a characteristic of the Type D personality?

A) Relaxed
B) Anxious
C) Hostile
D) Competitive

Question 9

Kirk eats many vegetables and goes to bed every night at 10. He wears a helmet when he rides his bike, and he exercises regularly. Kirk is demonstrating __________.

A) health-promoting behaviors
B) the optimism bias
C) belief perseverance
D) obsessive behaviors

Question 10

__________ refers to the process of adjusting your behaviors in order to reach your goals.

A) Self-regulation
B) Health promotion
C) Behavioral optimism
D) The illusion of risk

Question 11

What proportion of patients fails to adhere to their doctors' orders?

A) 1 in 20
B) 1 in 10
C) 1 in 4
D) 1 in 2

Question 12

To measure the total number of stressors that a person is experiencing, psychologists use a __________.

A) critical events scale
B) daily hassles scale
C) traumatic events scale
D) life events scale

Question 13

Flip has lost his mom to a serious illness and has had to give up his home after falling behind on the mortgage. He has just heard about layoffs that are coming at his job, and he is supposed to get married next month. According to the Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS), Flip is under __________ stress.

A) no
B) a little
C) a moderate amount of
D) a lot of

Question 14

Leroy lives in a large city. Each day, he must deal with the noise of traffic, the pollution created by that traffic, and the overcrowded streets. Leroy is dealing with __________ factors of stress.

A) innate
B) environmental
C) both innate and environmental
D) traumatic

Question 15

When your body is stressed, which hormone, considered the chief stress hormone, is released?

A) Adrenaline
B) Noradrenaline
C) Oxytocin
D) Cortisol

Question 16

Efforts to manage the discrepancy between the demands of the environment and your available resources to deal with those demands is called __________.

A) coping
B) adaptation
C) resistance
D) reactance

Question 17

According to stress and coping research, __________ seems to be closely associated with positive responses to stress.

A) denial
B) optimism
C) diet
D) sleep

Question 18

Max is a confident man who has a general sense of purpose, and he is known for staying committed to tasks until they are completed. Max is a good example of __________ .

A) depressive realism
B) optimism
C) hardiness
D) adaptation

Question 19

The __________ theory is the idea that you can reduce physical and emotional tension following a stressor by releasing it through hitting, punching, journaling, or drawing.

A) depressive realism
B) hardiness
C) catharsis
D) biofeedback

Question 20

Klaus is stressed and has decided to relieve his stress by hitting a punching bag. According to research, how will he feel after he gets done punching the bag?

A) Calm and relaxed
B) Exhausted and relieved
C) More aggressive and negative
D) Depressed and embarrassed

Question 21

At the end of a stressful day, Diaderme takes a hot bath and reads a book. Diaderme is using __________ to get rid of her stress from the day.

A) meditation
B) a relaxation technique
C) biofeedback
D) the catharsis method

Question 22

You can learn to consciously control your blood pressure, respiration, or heart rate by using __________.

A) biofeedback
B) exercise
C) drugs
D) rumination

Question 23

__________ refers to patterns of thinking and behavior that cause or maintain serious emotional problems.

A) Rumination
B) Acute stress disorder
C) Posttraumatic stress disorder
D) Maladaptive coping

Question 24

Niquan keeps thinking about how foolish she was to speak up in the meeting. She keeps picturing how everyone looked at her like she didn't know what she was talking about. Niquan is using the strategy called __________.

A) supposition
B) rumination
C) hyperarousal
D) avoidance

Question 25

__________ consists of high levels of anxiety and dissociation responses during the days and weeks after a trauma.

A) Posttraumatic stress disorder
B) Acute stress disorder
C) Rumination
D) Hyperarousal

Question 26

Which of the following are the symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder?

A) Flashbacks, avoidance, and hyperarousal
B) Rumination, aversion, and arousal
C) Intrusive thoughts, secondhand stress, rumination
D) Hyperarousal, immune suppression, addiction

Question 27

Which of the following best approximates the percentage of Americans who will experience PTSD at some point?

A) 1 to 2 percent
B) 4 to 5 percent
C) 7 to 8 percent
D) 14 to 15 percent

Question 28

In Julian Rotter's research on locus of control, what did his study identify as the relationship between locus of control and health?

A) Internals are in better health throughout their life.
B) Externals are more willing to take responsibility for their health.
C) Externals are more compliant with their doctor's orders.
D) Internals have more difficulty stopping smoking.

Question 29

How did Julian Rotter measure locus of control in people?

A) He used naturalistic observation.
B) He used a case study method.
C) He used a scale he had previously developed and validated.
D) He used a physiological measure of heart rate.

Question 30

Distinguish among the illness, wellness, and Social Ecology models of health. How do the wellness and social ecological models expand our understanding of health? Suggest one hypothetical research question reflecting a wellness model and one reflecting a social ecological model.

Question 31

Compare and contrast the Health Beliefs Model and the Stages of Change Model. Outline both models thoroughly.

Question 32

Explain what is meant by the term stress. Evaluate the importance of cognitive appraisal in the experience of stress. Distinguish between primary and secondary appraisal using illustrative examples from your own recent experience.

Question 33

What kinds of physical, personality, social, or environmental variables might relate to the impact of major life events on our experience of stress and our physical well-being? Propose a correlational study in which you examine major life events and at least one other variable of psychological interest. What outcome might you measure and how? What might you predict? Be sure to state your hypotheses and operationalize your variables as clearly as you can. Holmes and Rahe's (1967) SRRS should probably appear somewhere in your proposal.

Question 34

Distinguish among the four methods that a minority person might use to deal with the acculturative stress after moving to a new country.

Question 35

"Venting." "Letting it out." "Burning off steam." Critically evaluate catharsis theory with respect to relevant empirical research.

Question 36

Distinguish between acute stress disorder (ASD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In your comparison, outline the main categories of symptoms seen in ASD and PTSD.