Deck 1: The Craft of Programming

Question 1

Both instructions and data in a digital computer are represented as binary digits.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

The term numeric data refers to values that can be used in mathematical calculations.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The term raw binary data refers to letters, punctuation marks, and digits that can be displayed or printed.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Text data includes special formats, such as image, video, and sound files.

Question 5

Modules are grouped into programs.

Question 6

The processor is an integrated circuit contained on a chip usually made of silicon.

Question 7

The arithmetic logic unit can be thought of as a traffic manager. It handles the instructions sent to it by application programs, the operating system, and system devices.

Question 8

Read-only memory is the temporary storage place for instructions and data while the computer is running.

Question 9

The most common storage devices are electromagnetic hard drives, electronic USB flash drives and memory cards, and optical CDs and DVDs.

Question 10

Sequential access memory is like a cassette tape or VHS tape, which requires starting at the current location and fast-forwarding or rewinding to get to the track or segment you're looking for.

Question 11

RAM contains instructions for the system to perform a self-test as it powers up and to load the operating system from hard drive storage into main memory.

Question 12

Pseudocode was developed as a consistent and easily understood method of describing logic.

Question 13

In programming, syntax rules are used for order, spacing, indentation, and punctuation.

Question 14

Keywords are terms reserved for special purposes.

Question 15

There are three main categories of errors: logic errors (violations of language rules), runtime errors (incorrect instructions, such as adding instead of multiplying), and syntax errors (errors not known until the program runs, such as a missing data file).

Question 16

The American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) character-coding system uses 8 bits, consisting of a unique arrangement of eight 0s and 1s for each character.

Question 17

Unicode is a 32-bit system, capable of 65,536 characters.

Question 18

Memory locations are used to store strings, in other words, the numeric or text data you want to keep track of.

Question 19

Named constants can be changed while the program is running.

Question 20

Variables can be assigned the value of another variable, as long as they both have the same data type.

Question 21

For numeric assignments, the value on the right must be a string literal or the name of a string variable.

Question 22

For string assignments, the value on the right must be a numeric literal or the name of a numeric variable.

Question 23

Numeric assignments can include arithmetic calculations.

Question 24

The most common types of output are to the user's screen (called "hard copy") or to a printer (called "soft copy").

Question 25

For the user to know what values are to be entered at the right time, the instruction, or prompt, must be displayed onscreen.

Question 26

Computer ____ is the process of formulating instructions to operate a digital computer, an electronic device that can receive, process, store, and send data.

A) architecture
B) formatting
C) programming
D) engineering

Question 27

The most basic instructions to the computer's processor are stored as sequences of bits and make up the computer's ____.

A) machine language
B) algorithm
C) read-only memory
D) random access memory

Question 28

The term ____ is used to refer to the raw information processed by computers and is stored in digital form.

A) syntax
B) data
C) literal
D) byte

Question 29

A computer and its related equipment are collectively called ____.

A) hardware
B) literals
C) circuits
D) software

Question 30

____ is a digital representation of instructions on the computer.

A) Hardware
B) Data
C) Pseudocode
D) Software

Question 31

The computer system unit (the box enclosing the equipment) includes the ____, which is the electronic circuit board that connects the system's main components.

A) ALU
B) motherboard
C) control unit
D) video card

Question 32

The ____ can be thought of as a traffic manager, which handles the instructions sent to it by application programs, the operating system, and system devices.

A) video card
B) main memory
C) control unit
D) arithmetic logic unit

Question 33

A small area of memory, ____, contains instructions for the system to perform a self-test as it powers up and to load the operating system from hard drive storage into main memory.

A) read-only memory
B) the control unit
C) random access memory
D) the ALU

Question 34

The following is an example of a(n) ____.

A) assignment statement
B) algorithm
C) named constant
D) machine language

Question 35

The list below identifies the characteristics of a(n) ____.
• It's logically correct (provides a satisfactory solution to the problem).
• It's efficient (uses suitable programming tools without wasting time or resources).
• It's easy to understand (can be explained in ordinary language).

A) assignment statement
B) algorithm
C) named constant
D) machine language

Question 36

The decimal equivalent of 11101010 is ____.

A) 170
B) 190
C) 202
D) 234

Question 37

The binary equivalent of 232 is ____.

A) 10011011
B) 10011010
C) 11101000
D) 11111000

Question 38

The binary equivalent of 122 is ____.

A) 1111010
B) 10011010
C) 11101000
D) 11111000

Question 39

____ are simply programmer-designated names for memory locations.

A) Variables
B) Literals
C) Values
D) Keywords

Question 40

____ a variable simply informs the computer that you want to associate a particular name with a particular data type.

A) Formatting
B) Instantiating
C) Interpreting
D) Declaring

Question 41

The statements below are known as ____.
LastName = "Vanderkolk"
FirstName = "Monica"
HoursWorked = 40
PayRate = 15.00
GrossPay = hoursWorked * payRate

A) variables
B) assigment statements
C) statement declarations
D) literals

Question 42

The variables lastName and firstName are Strings and the variable hoursWorked is Numeric. Why would the following statements cause errors?
LastName = 10
FirstName = hoursWorked

A) String variables are being assigned literal values.
B) Numeric variables being assigned literal values.
C) The data types do not match.
D) Numeric constants are being assigned numeric values.

Question 43

Constant values are ____.

A) variables
B) literals
C) identifiers
D) strings

Question 44

If a string is a group of characters, it makes sense that you can make longer strings out of shorter ones by putting them together. This process is called ____.

A) concatenation
B) formatting
C) camel casing
D) validating

Question 45

____ occurs when the program is running.

A) Data hiding
B) Camel casing
C) Runtime
D) Concatenation

Question 46

The pseudocode keyword for getting input from a user is ____, followed by the variable that's receiving the value.

A) Display
B) Input
C) prompt()
D) Print

Question 47

Information that is sent from the computer is called ____.

A) output
B) machine language
C) pseudocode
D) input

Question 48

A(n) ____ statement is often used at the beginning of a program to welcome the user.

A) Prompt
B) Input
C) Display
D) Print

Question 49

Every program should have ____, consistent basic documentation that includes the program's name and purpose, who wrote it, and the date it was written or modified.

A) named constants
B) literals
C) comments
D) keywords

Question 50

When analyzing a problem and developing an algorithm for a solution, listing the algorithm's components in the categories of input, processing, and output is helpful. This process is called ____.

A) input-processing-output
B) dual-outcome selection
C) structured programming
D) validating