Deck 14: The Chinese Political System

Question 1

_________ is one of China's traditional names.

A) Manchuquo
B) Siam
C) Shangri-La
D) the Middle Kingdom

Answer 1

the Middle Kingdom

Question 2

Which is one of the many great schools of intellectual thought from China?

A) Jainism
B) Confucianism
C) Animism
D) Sufism

Answer 2

Confucianism

Question 3

Two general characteristics of the imperial dynasties in China were their agrarian nature and

A) their pro-Western orientation.
B) their pattern of strong rulers.
C) their industrial development.
D) their foreign expansion.

Answer 3

their pattern of strong rulers.

Question 4

This is the term used to describe the ability of foreigners in mid-19^th century China to operate under their own legal systems while in China, and not under Chinese law:

A) domestic necessity
B) judicial imperialism
C) extraterritoriality
D) foreign jurisdiction

Question 5

________ was the name of Sun Yat-sen's Nationalist Party.

A) Tong
B) Guomindang
C) Hundred Flowers Movement
D) Founding Organization

Question 6

Who was the leader of the Communist International (Comintern) who encouraged Chinese Communists and Nationalists to work together?

A) Mikhail Borodin
B) Mikhail Gorbachev
C) Konstantin Chernenko
D) Aleksandr Gromyko

Question 7

Who succeeded Sun Yat-sen?

A) Chiang Kai-shek
B) Mao Zedong
C) Jiang Zemin
D) Cho En-Lai

Question 8

The Soviet Marxist model called for oppressed industrial workers to unite and lead the Communist struggle. What was Chairman Mao's reaction to this?

A) He said Chinese peasants would organize and lead the revolution.
B) He said Chinese workers could do as good of a job as Soviet workers.
C) He said Chinese communes could do the organizing.
D) He said the struggle should be led by leaders, not the masses.

Question 9

What was the strategic retreat of the Chinese Communist Party to avoid a loss to the Chinese Nationalists called?

A) the March Northwest
B) the Battle of Ze Minh
C) the Advance to the Rear
D) the Long March

Question 10

The "Nanjing Massacre" was a major event in Chinese history resulting from

A) a World War I battle with Indochina.
B) the Japanese slaughter of over 50,000 Chinese prisoners of war in one day.
C) a border conflict with Korea.
D) a conflict with Manchuria.

Question 11

What was the outcome following the civil war between the Nationalists and the CCP at the end of the Second World War?

A) Chinese Communists were driven off the mainland to the island of Taiwan
B) Communists and Nationalists formed a Government of National Unity
C) Nationalists were driven off the mainland to the island of Taiwan
D) Japan installed a puppet government

Question 12

China is a unitary and socialist state based upon Marxist-Leninist thought modified by:

A) Mao Zedong Thought and Deng Xiaoping Theory
B) the writings of Stalin and Khrushchev
C) Jiang Zemin
D) Cho En Lai

Question 13

China's national legislature is a 3,000 member body called the _____________.

A) National People's Congress
B) Supreme Soviet
C) National Diet
D) Congress of People's Deputies

Question 14

One of Chairman Mao's key beliefs was that

A) his power was divinely awarded.
B) all members of society need to be treated equally.
C) government was based on the consent of the governed.
D) power needed to be a check on power.

Question 15

The Supreme Leader of the Chinese Communist Party is a member of the:

A) Supreme Soviet
B) Politburo Standing Committee
C) Presidium of the People's Congress
D) Congress of People's Deputies

Question 16

The Politburo is the Chinese Communist Party's equivalent of a government ____________.

A) legal office
B) political party liaison
C) lobby
D) cabinet

Question 17

The term that suggests that key decisions are made at the center, and then moved out to the more representative bodies for ratification, is called:

A) extraterritoriality
B) imperial restraint
C) executive determinism
D) democratic centralism

Question 18

The key to understanding Chairman Mao's approach to Marxism is to understand that he was ______________.

A) an ideologue
B) Western-oriented
C) pragmatic
D) tolerant of opposition and criticism

Question 19

The term "Sinification of Marxism" m

A) the failures of Marxism
B) rooting the abstract formulations of Marxism-Leninism in the reality of China
C) broadening the base of Marxism to include international opinion
D) replacing Marxism with Confucian thought

Question 20

The Hundred Flowers Movement was focused on the principle of:

A) a free and open exchange of ideas
B) economic determinism
C) military expansion
D) foreign domination

Question 21

The Great Leap Forward was designed to:

A) expand China's foreign influence in the Third World
B) rapidly increase the size of China's population
C) expand China's military power in the region
D) increase Chinese self-sufficiency and grow the economy

Question 22

What did the "Red versus Expert" debate focus on?

A) China's balance of payments challenges
B) Chinese economic development after the Great Leap Forward
C) Chinese culture homogeneity
D) Chinese military domination in East Asia

Question 23

What was a goal of the "Cultural Revolution?"

A) advancing socialism by removing capitalism from Chinese society
B) military domination of East Asia
C) cultural homogeneity among China's many ethnic groups
D) re-writing Chinese history to make the role of the CCP dominant

Question 24

The executive branch of government in China is led by the:

A) State Council
B) Council of People's Deputies
C) National Diet
D) Procurator General

Question 25

Tiananmen Square is best known as the location of

A) the peace treaty between the Nationalist Chinese and the CCP.
B) the headquarters of the Chinese Communist Party.
C) a massacre of protesting students and intellectual leaders in 1989.
D) the start of the Long March.

Question 26

Confucian theory suggested that even emperors had to follow ethical principles, including moral leadership.

Question 27

One iconic symbol of China's fear of outsiders was the Great Wall of China.

Question 28

The original leader of The Republic of China was Sun Yat-sen.

Question 29

The Chinese Communist Party made a major modification to Marxist thought by substituting peasants for oppressed industrial workers.

Question 30

The Long March proved to be a military victory for the CCP.

Question 31

The Nationalist Chinese party established the People's Republic of China in Beijing in October of 1949.

Question 32

Communist China has never had a written constitution.

Question 33

Although China is geographically large, politically it is a unitary state.

Question 34

The meetings of the National Congress of the Communist Party of China take place every two years.

Question 35

The Hundred Flowers Movement was based upon a saying of Confucius.

Question 36

The Great Leap Forward was an economic and political success for Mao.

Question 37

Red Guard groups were used during the Cultural Revolution to purge society of individuals who were deemed to be deviating from the "true" socialist path.

Question 38

As the Great Leap Forward was an economic disaster, the Cultural Revolution was a political disaster.

Question 39

The National People's Congress is the legislative branch of the national government.

Question 40

A key characteristic of the Marxist-Leninist model, followed by China, is that law is seen as a tool of the state.

Question 41

What is the relationship between the Chinese Communist Party and the Chinese national government? Compare it to the relationships that you have studied in other systems between governments and dominant political parties.

Question 42

Describe the forces that are pressing for economic and political liberalization in China today. What are their historical roots in Chinese politics? Can any predictions be made about their future?

Question 43

Compare formal Chinese political institutions (e.g. the president, the prime minister) with their corresponding offices in other nations. Is it possible to compare Chinese political offices with political offices in stable democracies, or are they simply too different to meaningfully compare?

Question 44

Describe what you believe to be the two or three most significant themes of Chinese political history that have influenced current politics in China. In what ways have these historical themes influenced current behavior?

Question 45

Make the argument that the Chinese Communist Party-not the legal government of China-is the real government of China. How might you label party organizations to correspond to political structures in other systems?