Deck 1: Psychology and Success

Question 1

According to the text, success means a lifetime of _____________.

A) using the resources around you
B) overcoming challenges
C) personal fulfillment
D) rewards for your work

Answer 1

personal fulfillment

Question 2

Which of the following is one of the ingredients of success?

A) Self-esteem
B) Personal wealth
C) Self-deprecation
D) Risk-taking

Answer 2

Self-esteem

Question 3

Yesterday, your college roommate, Sandra, showed you her personal goal journal. It listed her ultimate career goal, the steps she planned to take to get there, and the contacts she needed to make in order to help her along the way. She had already checked off two goals on her list. This journal most closely reflects which of Sandra's traits?

A) Self-awareness
B) Positive thinking
C) Self-discipline
D) Self-direction

Answer 3

Self-direction

Question 4

In the text, a ___________ is defined as a person who has the qualities you would like to have.

A) CEO
B) hero
C) true idol
D) role model

Question 5

According to the text, _______ is a state of well-being that comes from having a positive evaluation of your life.

A) success
B) happiness
C) enlightenment
D) positive thinking

Question 6

______________ is a personal quality representing the ability to feel interest and excitement in something and turn it into your life's work.

A) Persistence
B) Work ethic
C) Creative thinking
D) Vocation

Question 7

Evelyn is striving to develop qualities that will help boost her happiness. She is especially concerned with developing her ability to challenge herself and to think outside the box. She is working on the qualities of ________ and ______.

A) work ethic; aesthetic sensibility
B) courage; creative thinking
C) optimism; emotional awareness
D) self-esteem; wisdom

Question 8

According to the text, _________ is the scientific study of human behavior.

A) anthropology
B) sociology
C) psychology
D) biology

Question 9

The four major goals of psychology are to describe, ___________, explain, and (sometimes) change human behavior.

A) analyze
B) rationalize
C) perceive
D) predict

Question 10

Which of the four goals of psychology would a clinical psychologist most likely be interested in?

A) Description
B) Prediction
C) Explanation
D) Change

Question 11

Which of the following regulates your thoughts, feelings, and actions?

A) Nervous system
B) Conscious mind
C) Cerebellum
D) Cognitive system

Question 12

Another word for thought is ___________, which refers to the functions of processing information around us.

A) consciousness
B) perception
C) cognition
D) remembering

Question 13

According to the text, ___________ are subjective feelings accompanied by physical and behavioral changes.

A) actions
B) emotions
C) thoughts
D) sensations

Question 14

Which of the following emotions would be considered a more intense version of contentment?

A) Passion
B) Interest
C) Joy
D) Desire

Question 15

Your _________ is comprised of all the beliefs you have about yourself.

A) self-image
B) personality
C) inner self
D) self-esteem

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a healthy self-image?

A) Positive
B) Complex
C) Simplistic
D) Realistic

Question 17

How you choose to define yourself to the world is called your ________.

A) social role
B) identity
C) self-presentation
D) self-image

Question 18

Josh has an interview for a position as a manager at a local sporting goods store. He doesn't have strong customer service and leadership skills or experience, but he wants to make a good impression and be offered the job. In the interview, he represents himself as a people-person with a natural talent for managing others. What does his interview behavior represent?

A) Self-preservation
B) Individual identity
C) A social role
D) Self-presentation

Question 19

Most psychologists agree that individual identity is made up of individual identity, collective identity, and _________.

A) relational identity
B) emotional identity
C) relative identity
D) social identity

Question 20

The physical and psychological characteristics that distinguish you from others are known as __________.

A) self-presentation
B) individual identity
C) collective identity
D) natural exclusion

Question 21

Which of the following is an element of your collective identity?

A) Role as a son
B) Age
C) Social class
D) Interest in sculpture

Question 22

When asked to describe himself, Grant said that he was the proud father of two girls, who were both highly accomplished competitive skiers. Which element of identity is Grant reflecting here?

A) Individual identity
B) Collective identity
C) Relational Identity
D) Cultural identity

Question 23

The behaviors, ideas, attitudes, and traditions shared by a large social group and transmitted from one generation to the next are known as ____________.

A) social identity
B) culture
C) collective identity
D) customs

Question 24

Which one of the following would most likely be part of the cultural identity of someone who grew up in Japan?

A) Independence
B) Risk taking
C) Competition
D) Obedience

Question 25

_________ refers to an aspect of culture that is the set of characteristics used to define male and female.

A) Gender
B) Sex
C) Gender bias
D) Sex role

Question 26

Mr. Cole is a kindergarten teacher. Today at school he gave Rebecca a gold star for helping to clean up the classroom toys; punished Cynthia for yelling at Richard, who threw her doll across the room; and put Allan in time-out for crying when he was hurt while wrestling with another boy. Mr. Cole is reinforcing _____________ among these students.

A) individual identity
B) gender roles
C) class bias
D) self-presentation

Question 27

Why doesn't winning the lottery or becoming an overnight success definitively mean you will achieve long-term happiness?

Question 28

Explain the difference between the personal qualities of future-mindedness and persistence for creating happiness.

Question 29

Explain why psychologists study observable behaviors to learn about people.

Question 30

Explain what is meant by the range of emotions.

Question 31

Explain how the action of completing your schoolwork on time can influence your feelings and thoughts.

Question 32

Explain the influence of perception on the formation of your sense of self.

Question 33

Why is it important to have a realistic viewpoint concerning your self-image?

Question 34

Explain the difference between relational and collective identity.

Question 35

Success has the same definition to people from impoverished third-world nations as it does to those from industrialized nations.

Question 36

Physical attractiveness and wealth have little effect on long-term happiness.

Question 37

You cannot raise your level of happiness.

Question 38

Negative emotions demand stronger focus and energy.

Question 39

We are born with a sense of self.

Question 40

A healthy self-image is positive, optimistic, and not too complex.

Question 41

People with complex self-images have more than one positive aspect of their lives to take pride in.

Question 42

Western cultures usually value individual goals over group goals.

Question 43

Research suggests that it is healthiest to possess either stereotypically masculine or stereotypically feminine qualities.