Deck 23: Oral Mucous Membrane

Question 1

Healthy oral mucosa often appears white because underlying nutritive collagen fibers reflect through the thin mucosal epithelium.

A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but are NOT related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT correct.
D) The statement is NOT correct, but the reason is correct.
E) NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct.

Answer 1

E
Healthy oral mucosa appears red because pigments from hemoglobin are carried to the surface. White areas in mucosal surfaces generally result from irritation. This causes increased cellular turnover and thicker epithelium, a condition similar to a callus. Collagen fibers are more abundant in connective tissue than in mucosa.

Question 2

Lack of stippling in the alveolar mucosa is due to epithelium that is not attached tightly to bone. This is initially caused by increased interdigitation between connective tissue and surface epithelium.

A) Both statements are true.
B) The first statement is true; the second is false.
C) The first statement is false; the second is true.
D) Both statements are false.

Answer 2

B
Lack of stippling is initially caused by swelling or edema of the gingival tissues. Interdigitation between connective tissue and surface epithelium affects the degree of attachment of epithelial surfaces to underlying connective tissue.

Question 3

Each of the following is an indicator of gingival or periodontal disease EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A) A sulcus depth of 2 mm
B) Bleeding from the interdental papilla
C) Loss of stippling
D) Keratinization of the col

Answer 3

A
A sulcus depth of 2 mm is considered healthy. The sulcus is the very shallow soft tissue groove immediately surrounding the cervical area of the tooth. Bleeding from the interdental papilla as well as loss of stippling are indicators of disease. The col, an inner portion of the interdental papilla, is nonkeratinized but may become keratinized from trauma.

Question 4

The length of connective tissue ridges and pegs that project into surface epithelium determines how movable the epithelium is. The connective tissue is attached to underlying bone in all areas.

A) Both statements are true.
B) The first statement is true; the second is false.
C) The first statement is false; the second is true.
D) Both statements are false.

Question 5

The col is the part of the interdental papilla that

A) Is generally keratinized
B) Surrounds the tooth interproximally
C) Is apical to the contact area
D) Is part of the facial free gingiva
E) The col is not part of the interdental papilla.

Question 6

During passive eruption the attachment epithelium moves from the crown of the tooth in an apical direction. As the tooth breaks through the oral cavity the attachment epithelium is formed from the basement membrane.

A) Both statements are true.
B) The first statement is true; the second is false.
C) The first statement is false; the second is true.
D) Both statements are false.

Question 7

In the maxillary arch, the lingual gingiva changes to alveolar mucosa, as it does in the mandibular arch. Palatal mucosa is thick and keratinized.

A) Both statements are true.
B) The first statement is true; the second is false.
C) The first statement is false; the second is true.
D) Both statements are false.

Question 8

Each of the following accurately describes submucosa EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A) It is the connective tissue beneath the mucosa.
B) It contains blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissue.
C) It helps determine the mobility of the mucosa.
D) The anteromedial portion of the hard palate contains extensive submucosa.
E) It tends to contain fatty tissue, minor salivary glands, or both.

Question 9

In attached gingiva, the junction of the epithelium and the connective tissue are tightly bound because ridges and pegs of connective tissue project up into the epithelium.

A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but are NOT related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT correct.
D) The statement is NOT correct, but the reason is correct.
E) NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct.

Question 10

In which stage of passive eruption is the attached epithelium located on the cementum apical to the CEJ?

A) Stage I
B) Stage II
C) Stage III
D) Stage IV

Question 11

Healthy gingiva is usually

A) Smooth
B) Glossy
C) Slightly blunted
D) Stippled
E) All of the above

Question 12

Each of the following structures is covered in masticatory mucosa EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A) Hard palate
B) Soft palate
C) Maxillary labial gingiva
D) Mandibular lingual gingiva

Question 13

Epithelial cells are generally pink in color because they reflect the surrounding gingival tissues.

A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but are NOT related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT correct.
D) The statement is NOT correct, but the reason is correct.
E) NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct.

Question 14

Masticatory mucosa is able to withstand trauma or compression during mastication because its surface lacks keratin, an especially vulnerable surface covering.

A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but are NOT related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT correct.
D) The statement is NOT correct, but the reason is correct.
E) NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct.

Question 15

Which lesion or condition contains thickened layers of stratum spinosum and stratum corneum?

A) White lesions
B) Red lesions
C) Mucocele
D) Gingival inflammation

Question 16

The attached gingiva is less movable that the adjacent alveolar mucosa because the attached gingiva is loosely attached to its underlying connective tissue.

A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but are NOT related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT correct.
D) The statement is NOT correct, but the reason is correct.
E) NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct.

Question 17

The mucosa that responds to constant trauma from chewing by becoming thick and keratinized in a line corresponding to the occlusal surfaces of the teeth is the

A) Buccal
B) Tongue
C) Lip
D) Soft palate

Question 18

Lining mucosa that extends beyond the area of the tonsils is called the oral mucous membrane. Lining mucosa is composed of stratified squamous epithelium.

A) Both statements are true.
B) The first statement is true; the second is false.
C) The first statement is false; the second is true.
D) Both statements are false.

Question 19

Sleep apnea is caused by inadequate connective tissue of the hard palate. This condition cause patients to experience deep sleep, but for very limited periods of time.

A) Both statements are true.
B) The first statement is true; the second is false.
C) The first statement is false; the second is true.
D) Both statements are false.

Question 20

Which gingival structure is located closest to the alveolar mucosa?

A) Sulcular gingiva
B) Free gingiva
C) Attached gingiva
D) Free gingival groove
E) Both b and d

Question 21

Basement membrane appears as ridges and pegs projecting from connective tissue into its surface epithelium.

Question 22

Stratified squamous epithelium is keratinized.

Question 23

A mucocele is a typical sebaceous gland found in the buccal mucosa.

Question 24

Which term can be used to describe the epithelium that lines the sulcus (select all that apply)?

A) Sulcular
B) Junctional
C) Attachment
D) Stratified squamous
E) Keratinized

Question 25

Which of the following accurately describe the gingival sulcus (select all that apply)?

A) The average depth is about 2 mm.
B) It is lined with stratified squamous epithelium.
C) The attachment epithelium is located at the apical portion of the sulcus.
D) The free gingival groove is always visibly apparent.
E) The lining epithelium is keratinized.

Question 26

The redness of the oral mucosa is due to pigments in hemoglobin.

Question 27

The interdental papilla is made up of both free and attached gingiva.

Question 28

As keratinization increases, which of the following tend to increase (select all that apply)?

A) Stratum corneum
B) Stratum granulosum
C) Stratum spinosum
D) Nuclei

Question 29

Which of the following structures is covered with lining mucosa (select all that apply)?

A) Mucosa of the cheeks
B) Mucosa of the soft palate
C) Floor of the mouth
D) Col
E) Alveolar mucosa
F) Attached gingiva