Deck 25: Salivary Glands

Question 1

Acini are the

A) Mucous and serous secretions
B) Connective tissue capsules
C) Secretory endpieces
D) Intratubular ducts

Answer 1

C
Acini are the secretory endpieces of salivary glands. There are two types of acinar cells, mucous acini and serous acini.

Question 2

Each of the following is true of salivary duct systems EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION?

A) Depending on their size, salivary glands have varying numbers of lobules.
B) Intralobulated refers to ducts that are located within the tubule.
C) Interlobulated refers to ducts within connective tissue between lobules of the gland.
D) Striation only occurs in interlobular ducts.

Answer 2

D
While striated cells occur in both intralobular and interlobular duct systems, they are much more common in intralobular ducts. The bases of the cells within striated ducts appear to be striped.

Question 3

A duct that has infolds of the basal cell membrane is a striated duct. Intercalated ducts, also striated, are very small and directly drain the acini.

A) Both statements are true.
B) The first statement is true; the second is false.
C) The first statement is false; the second is true.
D) Both statements are false.

Answer 3

A
Striated ducts with infolds of the basal cell membrane have mitochondria that stain during laboratory evaluation. Staining makes the mitochondria appear striped, hence the term striated. Intercalated ducts do not have striations.

Question 4

Salivary glands arise from a cord of epithelium that forms a tube. Their endpiece is pyramidal in shape.

A) Both statements are true.
B) The first statement is true; the second is false.
C) The first statement is false; the second is true.
D) Both statements are false.

Question 5

Serous acini have ions similar to mucous acini but do not have mucins. A mucous secretion is thinner and more watery.

A) Both statements are true.
B) The first statement is true; the second is false.
C) The first statement is false; the second is true.
D) Both statements are false.

Question 6

Serous acinus secretions are characterized by each of the following EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION?

A) Serous secretions contain no mucins.
B) More water content
C) Small lumen
D) Cuboidal in shape
E) Primary source of amylase

Question 7

Each of the following is carried in the saliva EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION?

A) Lysosomes
B) Sodium
C) Potassium
D) Bicarbonate
E) Golgi apparatus

Question 8

Each of the following is true of the connective tissue capsule EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION?

A) A salivary gland is surrounded by a connective tissue capsule.
B) The connective tissue capsule sends partitions into the gland.
C) The connective tissue capsule has varying numbers of lobules.
D) The connective tissue capsule is a source of nerves and blood vessels.

Question 9

Each of the following accurately describes intercalated ducts EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION?

A) Intercalated ducts are large and interlobulated.
B) They drain directly into the acini.
C) The cells of intercalated ducts are slightly taller than their nuclei.
D) Intercalated ducts deliver secretions unchanged to the next set of ducts.

Question 10

Intercalated ducts conserve water and electrolytes because ions such as sodium and potassium are reabsorbed by capillaries and lymphatic vessels surrounding striated interlobular ducts.

A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but are NOT related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT correct.
D) The statement is NOT correct, but the reason is correct.
E) NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct.

Question 11

Which structure is the MOST likely to break down starches into long-chain sugars?

A) Mucous acini
B) Serous acini
C) Seromucous acini
D) Connective tissue
E) Salivary ducts

Question 12

The squid-like appearance of a myoepithelial cell is due to

A) Cellular projections
B) Vasodilation
C) Intralobular ducts
D) Interlobular ducts

Question 13

Surrounding the acini are myoepithelial cells that inhibit salivary secretion because these cells have the ability to contract like a muscle.

A) Both statements are true.
B) The first statement is true; the second is false.
C) The first statement is false; the second is true.
D) Both statements are false.

Question 14

Merocrine secretion is the process utilized by salivary acini to move saliva into the duct system. While mucous and serous acini utilize only the merocrine process, seromucous acini also employ a process involving immunoglobulins and lysozymes.

A) Both statements are true.
B) The first statement is true; the second is false.
C) The first statement is false; the second is true.
D) Both statements are false.

Question 15

Which acini are MOST likely to have serous demilunes?

A) Mucous
B) Serous
C) Seromucous
D) All of the above

Question 16

Intralobular ducts are located between lobules. They carry secretions to the next set of ducts.

A) Both statements are true.
B) The first statement is true; the second is false.
C) The first statement is false; the second is true.
D) Both statements are false.

Question 17

Secretory function can be modified by each of the following EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION?

A) Chewing
B) Taste
C) Smell
D) Dehydration
E) Tubelike acinar endpieces

Question 18

The demilune surrounds the salivary gland and aids in the secretion of saliva. This structure has a muscular component and long cellular projections.

A) Both statements are true.
B) The first statement is true; the second is false.
C) The first statement is false; the second is true.
D) Both statements are false.

Question 19

The primary function of excretory ducts is to carry saliva. However, the striated interlobular ducts also modify salivary content as the fluid passes through them.

A) Both statements are true.
B) The first statement is true; the second is false.
C) The first statement is false; the second is true.
D) Both statements are false.

Question 20

Secretory control comes from the central nervous system. Control of secretion is tied to chewing, taste, and smell.

A) Both statements are true.
B) The first statement is true; the second is false.
C) The first statement is false; the second is true.
D) Both statements are false.

Question 21

With electron microscopy mucous cells appear empty and frothy because they stain exceptionally well.

A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but are NOT related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT correct.
D) The statement is NOT correct, but the reason is correct.
E) NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct.

Question 22

Intercalated ducts modify the salivary fluid that passes through them.

Question 23

Mucous secretions contain 99% water.

Question 24

Which of the following are functions of saliva (select all that apply)?

A) It acts as a buffer.
B) It has immunoglobulins to combat illness.
C) It carries an enzyme to break down fats.
D) It helps to prepare the bolus of food when swallowing.

Question 25

Which of the following are true of demilunes (select all that apply)?

A) They are present in seromucous acini.
B) They are a group of serous cells arranged in half-moon clusters.
C) They are only present in connective tissue.
D) They secrete their product between the cell walls of underlying mucous cells.
E) They are the primary source of amylase.

Question 26

During formation, the "future saliva" is packaged by a membrane within the

A) Endoplasmic reticulum
B) Golgi apparatus
C) Cytoplasm
D) Mitochondria

Question 27

Which ducts have mitochondria that appear striped when stained (select all that apply)?

A) All intralobular
B) Intralobular intercalated
C) Intralobular secretory
D) All interlobular
E) Some interlobular

Question 28

When cells secrete their products, the cell membrane is destroyed.

Question 29

The acinus with the largest lumen is the serous type.