Deck 12: Special Considerations Related to Exercise and Injury Prevention

Question 1

Humans body temperature is regulated to remain close to

A) 97°F (35°C).
B) 98.6°F (37°C).
C) 99°F (39°C).
D) 93°F (33°C).

Answer 1

98.6°F (37°C).

Question 2

Which of the following is a mechanism of heat removal from the body that involves converting sweat to a gas?

A) conduction
B) radiation
C) evaporation
D) diffusion

Answer 2

evaporation

Question 3

During exercise, body temperature rises to the highest level in which of the following environmental conditions?

A) high temperature and low humidity
B) high temperature and high humidity
C) low temperature and high humidity
D) low temperature and low humidity

Answer 3

high temperature and high humidity

Question 4

Loss of body heat caused by the movement of wind or water around the body is the process of

A) conduction.
B) radiation.
C) convection.
D) evaporation.

Question 5

The best way to determine whether environmental conditions are imposing a heat load on your body during exercise is to monitor your

A) breathing.
B) quantity of sweat.
C) heart rate.
D) skin temperature.

Question 6

Physiological adaptation that allows the body to adjust to environmental extremes is known as

A) modification.
B) habituation.
C) acclimatization.
D) homeostasis.

Question 7

Muscle spasms and twitching of the limbs are signs of which temperature-induced condition?

A) heat cramps
B) heat exhaustion
C) heat stroke
D) dehydration

Question 8

Which temperature-induced condition is characterized by weakness, fatigue, decreased blood pressure, blurred vision, profuse sweating, and clammy skin?

A) heat cramps
B) heat exhaustion
C) heat stroke
D) hypothermia

Question 9

Failure to sweat, limp muscles, seizures, and vomiting are signs of which temperature-induced condition?

A) heat cramps
B) heat exhaustion
C) heat stroke
D) sarcopenia

Question 10

The best strategy for dressing to exercise in the cold is to wear

A) the thickest garment available.
B) light-colored clothes.
C) clothing that prevents moisture penetration.
D) layers of clothing.

Question 11

The primary concern with exercise at high altitude is

A) the decreased temperature and need for special clothing.
B) a lack of oxygen in the air.
C) the lower barometric pressure, limiting oxygen transport in the blood.
D) a loss of appetite and potential for dizziness.

Question 12

Which of the following occurs to help the body cope with the stress of altitude?

A) Heart rate decreases.
B) Breathing is deeper and faster.
C) Muscle contractions occur more slowly.
D) The body retains more water.

Question 13

Which of the following is not a symptom of acute mountain sickness?

A) severe headache
B) nausea
C) dizziness
D) chest pain

Question 14

Which air pollutant binds with hemoglobin and reduces the blood's oxygen-carrying capacity?

A) ozone
B) carbon monoxide
C) nitrogen
D) nitrous oxide

Question 15

Too much exercise and not enough recovery time between workouts is referred to as

A) overcompensation.
B) overtraining syndrome.
C) high-intensity interval training.
D) physiological stress.

Question 16

To avoid injury, it is recommended that you increase your exercise intensity by no more than

A) 20% over a two-week period.
B) 10% over a two-week period.
C) 20% over a four-week period.
D) 10% over a four-week period.

Question 17

Inadequate muscle strength in the abdominal muscles can contribute to

A) tendonitis.
B) a shin splint.
C) back pain.
D) a stress fracture.

Question 18

Which of the following plays a major role in preventing back pain?

A) regular exercise
B) gradual weight gain
C) genetics
D) ballistic stretching

Question 19

Muscle pain that occurs immediately after an exercise session that was too long or too intense is

A) delayed-onset muscle soreness.
B) acute muscle soreness.
C) overtraining syndrome.
D) muscular dystrophy.

Question 20

Muscle pain that develops 24 to 48 hours after exercise is

A) delayed-onset muscle soreness.
B) acute muscle soreness.
C) overtraining syndrome.
D) muscular dystrophy.

Question 21

A ________ is characterized by swelling, many torn muscle fibers, and extreme pain upon movement.

A) first-degree strain
B) first-degree sprain
C) second-degree strain
D) third-degree sprain

Question 22

________ occur(s) when muscles are overstretched or forced to shorten against a heavy weight.

A) Muscle strains
B) Tendonitis
C) Ligament sprains
D) Cartilage tears

Question 23

The primary means of preventing ligament sprains is to

A) wear a brace.
B) consume large amounts of protein.
C) avoid intense exercise.
D) refrain from activities that place strain on joints.

Question 24

A ________ is damage to a ligament.

A) strain
B) sprain
C) splint
D) split

Question 25

Patellofemoral pain syndrome can be caused by

A) a bout of excessively long or intense exercise.
B) excessive force applied to the knee joint.
C) poorly aligned quadriceps muscles.
D) inflammation of a tendon.

Question 26

Patellofemoral pain syndrome is a ________ problem caused by overuse, obesity, or trauma.

A) foot
B) knee
C) neck
D) back

Question 27

Stress fractures are most likely to occur in

A) the hip bones.
B) bones of the wrist and hand.
C) long bones of the foot.
D) bones of the knee.

Question 28

Which muscle is most likely to be involved in a shin splint injury?

A) biceps brachii
B) tibialis anterior
C) latissimus dorsi
D) gluteus minimus

Question 29

RICE stands for rest, ice, compression, and

A) elevation.
B) exercise.
C) extension.
D) eversion.

Question 30

Cryokinetics is a rehabilitative technique based on

A) range-of-motion exercises.
B) temporary immobilization.
C) heat application.
D) ice application.

Question 31

A primary risk factor for unintentional injury is

A) bad luck.
B) an unsafe attitude.
C) overcrowding.
D) limited driving experience.

Question 32

First aid for ________ involves using the Heimlich maneuver.

A) concussion
B) poisoning
C) choking
D) bleeding

Question 33

If you suspect someone has swallowed a poison,

A) examine the victim's mouth for burns, cuts, or swelling.
B) administer mustard water to counteract the poison.
C) administer ipecac syrup to induce vomiting.
D) loosen the victim's clothing.

Question 34

First aid for a bleeding injury includes all of the following except

A) immobilize the injured body part.
B) gently remove debris from around the injury.
C) change bandages as soon as they become saturated with blood.
D) apply pressure directly to the wound.

Question 35

CPR is the first aid technique for

A) choking.
B) inhaled or swallowed poison.
C) profuse bleeding.
D) stopped breathing or heartbeat.

Question 36

High-intensity exercise using large muscle groups produces more body heat than low-intensity exercise involving small muscle groups.

Question 37

The primary means of heat loss during exercise is radiation.

Question 38

The best clothing to wear during exercise in the heat would be garments that allow air to move through them freely, promoting convection and evaporation.

Question 39

Acclimatization is the mechanism by which the body adapts to the demands of a short-term bout of exercise.

Question 40

One of the physiological adaptations the body makes to heat stress is beginning to sweat earlier and producing more sweat.

Question 41

Heat stroke is characterized by blurred vision, weakness, fatigue, and clammy skin.

Question 42

A fluid replacement drink should be high in sugar and electrolytes.

Question 43

During exercise, it is best to rely on thirst to indicate the need for fluid.

Question 44

Exercise in temperatures above 15°F but below freezing can damage lung tissue.

Question 45

The wind-chill effect refers to the fact that exposure to a cold environment can cause frostbite.

Question 46

A person loses 30% to 40% of body heat through the head.

Question 47

At high altitudes, exercise tolerance and VO₂max are reduced.

Question 48

The primary agents of air pollution that affect exercise performance are ozone and particulates.

Question 49

To avoid exercising when ozone is high, you should avoid exercising between 5:00 and 6:00 pm.

Question 50

One of the primary causes of injuries related to aerobics and other types of dance exercise is improper shoes.

Question 51

People experiencing back pain should see a health care provider or physical therapist before engaging in exercise.

Question 52

Acute muscle soreness can be prevented by a slow progression of exercise intensity and incorporating warm-up and cool-down periods.

Question 53

Delayed-onset muscle soreness can be prevented by lowering training intensity and duration.

Question 54

Strains are associated with stretched or damaged ligaments.

Question 55

Tendonitis refers to damage caused by overusing a muscle or muscle group.

Question 56

A first-degree muscle strain involves a complete tear of the muscle and loss of function.

Question 57

Sprains can be classified according to the degree of damage as a first-, second-, or third-degree sprain.

Question 58

Shin splints occur due to stress placed on the lower leg, which causes bones to separate.

Question 59

Stress fractures result from a gradual loss of bone mass.

Question 60

The RICE treatment utilizes heat and massage to rehabilitate injuries.

Question 61

Unintentional injuries are the number-one killer of people aged 1 to 44 in the United States.

Question 62

Alcohol and drug use significantly increase the risk of accidents and unintentional injury.

Question 63

Safe bicycle riding includes riding against traffic so you can see oncoming vehicles.

Question 64

The Heimlich maneuver should NOT be used to treat choking in infants younger than 1 year old.

Question 65

Describe the mechanisms of heat loss during exercise.

Question 66

Discuss the guidelines for safe exercise in a hot environment.

Question 67

Outline some strategies to help prevent acute mountain sickness (AMS).

Question 68

What are the major air pollutants that affect exercise performance? What are their effects on the body?

Question 69

List the intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors for a sports injury.

Question 70

Describe the type of exercise that can help prevent chronic back pain.

Question 71

Describe how a runner can prevent shin splints.