Deck 8: Assessment of Adults and School-Age Children

Question 1

Inconsistent identification of stuttering (judging the same disfluent events as "stuttering" and "normal" in the same speech sample of same speaker at two different times) may be explained as related to:

A) the influence of listeners' psychological set at a particular time when a judgment is made
B) the fact that all types of disfluencies are present in normal and stuttered speech
C) the speaker's gender or age
D) all of the above

Answer 1

the influence of listeners' psychological set at a particular time when a judgment is made

Question 2

The two longest, most frequent types of speech samples collected with adolescents or adults who stutter are:

A) imitation of sentences and automatic speech sequences
B) word lists and phrase lists
C) phone call and public speaking sample
D) oral reading and spontaneous speech samples

Answer 2

oral reading and spontaneous speech samples

Question 3

What dimension is measured with the instrument known as the SSI-4?

A) attitudes toward stuttering
B) severity of stuttering
C) levels of difficulty across speaking situations
D) speaking rate

Answer 3

severity of stuttering

Question 4

Which assessment instrument includes a rating of attitudes toward speaking?

A) SSI
B) OASES
C) SSR
D) CELF

Question 5

Another term for "physical concomitants" of stuttering:

A) primary behaviors
B) cluttering
C) secondary characteristics
D) other communication domains

Question 6

A speech sample of a person who stutters contained 5 instances of stuttering measured in duration as: 2.25 sec., 0.25 sec. 1.00 sec., 0.5 sec, and 1.00 sec. The clinician must make a general evaluation of the stuttering severity using only these data. Based on what is known about the average duration of moment of stuttering, the stuttering events contained in this sample will be considered to be:

A) way below average
B) just about average
C) moderately above average
D) way above average

Question 7

The Scale of Communication Attitudes (S-Scale) is used to evaluate:

A) the emotional adjustment of adults who stutter
B) the ability of adult who stutterer to communicate negative emotions
C) the emotional reactions of adults who stutter to specific situations
D) the interpersonal communication skills of adult who stutter

Question 8

The Scale of Communication Attitudes is scored by:

A) the total number of "correct" items (those corresponding to a certain standard key)
B) the number of "true" answers minus the number of "false" answers
C) the number of "true" answers
D) none of the above

Question 9

Which of the following formulas should be used to calculate the number of disfluenciesPer 100 words (N= Number of words in sample; D= number of disfluencies in sample;/ = divide; x = multiply):

A) (N/D) x 100
B) (N/100) x D
C) (D/N) x 100
D) 100/ (D x N)

Question 10

For purposes of calculating the extent of disfluencies, the sentence "I la-la-like to-to um Go ho-ho-home" contains:

A) two instances of disfluencies and eight repetition units
B) three instances of disfluencies and eight repetition units
C) four instances of disfluencies and five repetition units
D) three instances of disfluencies and five repetition units

Question 11

Which of the following measures is included in the Stuttering Severity Instrument:

A) mean number of head and facial movements
B) overall speaking rate
C) extent of disfluencies in term of repetition units
D) none of the above is included

Question 12

The overall score on the Stuttering Severity Instrument is evaluated in terms of:

A) specific percentile ranking
B) standard scores
C) relative weight of the different components
D) a range of percent distribution

Question 13

In determining the overall speaking rate of a person who stutters you have transcribed the client's speech sample as follows: "To-today is-is Thursda-day and-and I la-la-like t-t-t-to go-go home." This sentence took exactly 15 seconds to utter. Based on this information, your calculations will show that the client's:

A) speaking rate is 36 words per minute
B) speaking rate is 84 syllable per minute
C) articulation rate is 56 syllables per minute
D) all of the above

Question 14

Questioning the adult who stutters about the history of his/her treatment may provide useful information in relation to:

A) the reason for the person's persistent stuttering
B) the inability of the person to respond positively to treatment
C) determining the future treatment
D) estimating the person's chances for further failure in therapy

Question 15

The contribution of the task score for emotional reactions to the total score of the SSI is Approximately:

A) 10%
B) 15%
C) 30%
D) none of the above

Question 16

The statement "I like asking questions in a variety of small group discussions" is most likely taken from which type of assessment instrument:

A) a locus of control behavior scale
B) a perception of stuttering severity inventory
C) a stutterer's self-rating of reactions to speech situations
D) a scale of communication attitudes

Question 17

Due to the variability of stuttering across situations, what is the minimal number of separate speech samples needed for reliable assessment of stuttering?

A) two 500-word samples
B) three 750-word samples
C) three 75-word samples
D) one 600-word sample

Question 18

The best representative speech sample for adults who stutter is elicited from:

A) conversation
B) reading from a newspaper
C) reading from a prose
D) monologue

Question 19

In selecting the context/type of a speech sample to be obtained from a person who stutters, which among the following factors is the most important to consider :

A) the need to compare the client's disfluency with published reference data
B) the time elapsed from the last recording of the client's speech sample
C) the length of the sample to be recorded
D) the physical surrounding of the recording place

Question 20

An initial evaluation of stuttering in adults should also routinely include evaluation of voice parameters, such as:

A) general motor skills
B) voice reaction time
C) voice quality and pitch variations
D) Expressive and receptive language

Question 21

Speaking rate is often assessed in evaluating the speech of people who stutter. Generally, there is an inverse correlation between speaking rate and the perceived severity of stuttering.

Question 22

The frequency of stuttering is an important parameter for assessment during evaluation of the status of the disorder. Generally, there is an inverse correlation between the frequency of stuttering and perceived severity of stuttering.

Question 23

One argument for using a large speech sample size is because certain disfluency types occur at a much lower frequency than other disfluencies, especially in mild to moderate stuttering. Hence, larger samples provide better chances to record several examples of these.

Question 24

Naturalness ratings are not sufficiently reliable for use in clinical assessment of stuttering.

Question 25

Articulatory rate refers to the overall time required for production of a given speech sample minus the phonation time between phrases.

Question 26

Mild stuttering severity is typically characterized only by an excessive frequency of other, non-SLD type, disfluencies.

Question 27

If the speaker displayed 20 disfluencies during 400 words, then the frequency is 5 per 100 words

Question 28

A speech sample containing 10 stuttered syllables per 100 syllables is regarded as mild stuttering.

Question 29

What are the objectives of the initial evaluation of adults and school age children who stutter? Discuss.

Question 30

Is there a practical value to case history information for the treatment of stuttering? State and defend your reason whether you reply in the positive or the negative.

Question 31

What issues are encountered in relation to the length and number of speech samples used for evaluating the disfluent speech of a person who stutters? What are the considerations as to where/when the speech sample or samples are obtained?

Question 32

List and explain 5 specific speech-related measures and ratings you would obtain in the initial evaluation of stuttering. Note: do not consider each disfluency type as a separate measure.

Question 33

What kinds of methods/instruments have been employed to assess what aspects of emotional reactions associated with stuttering?

Question 34

Suggest and explain three conditions/variables that may be affecting the client's speech.

Question 35

Not all of the data collected in the case history of an adult who stutters may eventually prove useful. In your opinion, does information pertaining to onset of stuttering may be useful? Whether you answer is positive or negative, explain. Same question about information concerning the usefulness of speech therapy in sixth grade. Same about family history of stuttering. Limit each answer to 5 lines.

Question 36

Explain the purpose of the following question in an initial interview with a young adult who stutters: "How would you describe your speech and your stuttering?"