Deck 11: Therapy for Adults: Focus on Emotional Reactions

Question 1

Which intervention is the best example of a desensitization activity?

A) the practice of stuttering openly without tension
B) the practice of a slow, easy manner of speaking
C) the practice of stopping after a stuttered word and reduce tension
D) all of the above

Answer 1

the practice of stuttering openly without tension

Question 2

The main reason why systematic desensitization is used in stuttering therapy is to:

A) remove operant reinforcement of stuttering
B) weaken resistance to therapy
C) reduce emotional sensitivity about being a stutterer
D) counteract anxiety about stutter events

Answer 2

counteract anxiety about stutter events

Question 3

The practice of progressive relaxation has been used in conjunction with this therapeutic program:

A) rational emotive therapy
B) systematic desensitization
C) negative practice
D) assertiveness training

Answer 3

systematic desensitization

Question 4

The main aim of "desensitization in vivo" is to:

A) lessen negative emotional responses in real life speaking situations
B) confront stuttering by discussing it openly
C) induce physical relaxation following contrastive vivo-type muscular contractions
D) challenge irrational assumptions and negative thoughts

Question 5

The use of voluntary stuttering could be considered a type of:

A) relaxation
B) voluntary auto-suggestion
C) negative practice
D) negative self-talk

Question 6

In stuttering therapy, the immediate purpose of the clinical procedure referred to as "desensitization in vivo" is to:

A) increase fluency in spite of the anxiety
B) reduce anxiety in spite of the stuttering
C) reduce stuttering in spite of the anxiety
D) reduce anticipation in spite of the anxiety

Question 7

When negative practice is used in stuttering therapy the client is to:

A) practice reducing his own negative emotionality
B) practice handling negative listener reactions
C) practice voluntary stuttering
D) practice stuttering in negative situations

Question 8

The therapeutic technique of "systematic desensitization" utilizes the client's imagination to practice:

A) being in speaking situations while reducing anxiety
B) modification of stuttering in a relaxed manner
C) speaking fluently with reduced anxiety
D) eliminating anxiety regardless of speech

Question 9

In stuttering therapy, the concept of "relaxation" is focused mainly on the reduction of:

A) negative attitudes
B) trait anxiety
C) physical tension
D) sleeplessness

Question 10

The principle of hierarchy as used in desensitization procedures in stuttering therapy is designed to:

A) gradually increase the stimulus value of the anxiety producing situations
B) gradually decrease the stimulus value of the anxiety producing situations
C) gradually increase the habitual response strength to the anxiety producing situations
D) gradually contrast the old response with a new response to the anxiety provoking situations

Question 11

The main objective of desensitization is to:

A) decrease visceral (emotional) arousal in order to facilitate motor performance
B) maintain the same level of motor performance in spite of increasing emotional reactions
C) decrease physical tensions associated with stuttering which intensify the stutter's visceral arousal
D) decrease the anticipation of stuttering thereby control the triggers for stuttering

Question 12

Which of the following therapeutic procedures would you practice by using the principle of disinhibition:

A) punishment of stuttering
B) negative practice
C) modifying stuttering
D) disassociation

Question 13

When employing a hierarchy for desensitization in stuttering therapy, the goal is to repeatThe experience at each level over and over again until the attendant emotionality is:

A) reinforced
B) decreased
C) stabilizes
D) becomes automatic

Question 14

A prediction that influences its own outcome is a:

A) self-fulfilling prophecy
B) free association
C) authoritative suggestion
D) psychodrama

Question 15

Which is not a physiological dimension associated with anxiety and tension?

A) heart rate
B) excitement
C) muscle tone
D) sweat

Question 16

According to psychoanalytic theories, stuttering should be treated through gradual shaping of its symptoms (stuttering) to resolve the deep emotional conflicts.

Question 17

In an anxiety hierarchy, the list of stimulus situations is presented with the most disturbing item is placed at the bottom of the list.

Question 18

The rationale behind Sheehan's advice to stuttering clients to stutter "openly and honestly" is that the "open" stuttering results in better controlled stuttering

Question 19

By using voluntary stuttering for desensitization the client learns that he can dissociate disfluency from habitual emotional reactions.

Question 20

In stuttering therapy, the principle of "negative practice" is employed when the stutterer displays negative emotions while working on identification and analysis of stuttering.

Question 21

From a cultural perspective, where Western civilization is predominant, age 22 is a common milestone for considering a person as an adult for the kind of stuttering treatment prescribed.

Question 22

One reason for guarded prognosis for the outcome of therapy with adults who stutter is the large factor, about 75%, of natural recovery among preschool age children who stutter. It is reasonable to assume that adults who stutter are afflicted with a more robust form of the disorder.

Question 23

In current therapy for adults who stutter, the rationale for decreasing emotionality associated with stuttering rests on the idea that stuttering is caused by some emotional difficulties in early childhood.

Question 24

Classical Freudian psychoanalysis is aimed at the root problem, not the symptoms. Its ultimate objective is to elevate the unconscious to the conscious level. Hence, when applied to stuttering, no attempts are made to directly modify speech.

Question 25

Unlike psycho-analysis, with the Rational-Emotive Therapy (RET), a patient does not merely note and express thoughts but actively takes charge of them.

Question 26

Is there a room for relaxation activities in stuttering therapy? Discuss your position. If positive, what procedures might be used?

Question 27

What is systematic desensitization? What are its objectives in regards to stuttering? List and describe three specific procedures.

Question 28

Construct an example of a stage by stage program of systematic desensitization for responding to telephone calls by a person who stutters.

Question 29

What is desensitization in vivo? What are its objectives in regards to stuttering? What are its advantages?

Question 30

Explain the concept/procedure of negative practice and its application in stuttering therapy.