Deck 12: Humans, Human Brains, and Evolution

Question 1

An individuals genes are located on _________, which is made up of_________.

A) chromosomes; DNA
B) DNA; chromosomes
C) RNA; chromosomes
D) alleles; RNA
E) alleles; chromosomes

Answer 1

chromosomes; DNA

Question 2

Jen's parents are both brunettes, but Jen was born a natural blonde. This must be due to her parent's _________.

A) phenotypes
B) gene flow
C) recessive genes
D) dominant genes
E) endocasts

Answer 2

recessive genes

Question 3

What is one way to examine the skulls of mammals?

A) cladistics
B) heterocasts
C) homocasts
D) herocasts
E) endocasts

Answer 3

endocasts

Question 4

What are the pieces of DNA that pass traits from generation to generation?

A) ribosomes
B) cells
C) traits
D) genes
E) chromosomes

Question 5

The species of Heffalumps live on the planet Zurg. Once there was an earthquake and an entire island of the Heffalump people were separated from the rest of the population. Millions of years later this separation continues with no contact between the two (the island is surrounded by lava; not like on earth
Where we have water). What is the term for the changes that likely occurred between these two groups?

A) genetic separation
B) genetic drift
C) genetic flow
D) genetic shift
E) genetic division

Question 6

What does it mean for a life form to be inbred?

A) The parents of this life form both carry recessive traits. .
B) The parents of this life form were made of yeast.
C) The parents of this life form had difficulties conceiving.
D) The parents of this life form were part of separate species.
E) None of the above.

Question 7

Diana meets a man who drives a 2006 silver, convertible Mustang. If she decides to mate with him based solely on this reason, this is an example of_________.

A) intrasexual selection
B) resource based selection
C) intersexual selection
D) superficial selection
E) purely sexual selection

Question 8

Crystal is going to a singles night at the bar. Before she leaves the house, she spends hours in front of the mirror perfecting her hair and make-up in order to compete with the younger and more attractive women for men's attention. What evolutionary concept would this be an example of?

A) intrasexual selection
B) resource based selection
C) intersexual selection
D) superficial selection
E) purely sexual selection

Question 9

Nicole is always getting compliments on her hair, which is naturally beautiful. Therefore, people are complimenting her on her hair's _________.

A) texture
B) genetic attributes
C) alleles
D) genotype
E) phenotype

Question 10

What is the term for spontaneous or random changes to a gene or genes?

A) transmutationisis
B) metamorphosis
C) mutation
D) alteration
E) transformation

Question 11

Until recently, it was a commonly held belief that the human brain resembled a blank slate. What was the term for this belief?

A) uniformity
B) tabula rasa
C) taxona
D) postnatal void
E) ultimate variation

Question 12

Proximate cause is to "how," as ultimate cause is to " __________"

A) what
B) when
C) where
D) why
E) who

Question 13

In order for a trait to be an adaptation, it must…

A) be inherited from one generation to the next.
B) result in variations.
C) be an advantage over other species.
D) be contained within a specific environment.
E) remain static within the population.

Question 14

Natural selection is to survival, as sexual selection is to _________.

A) mating
B) population
C) gratification
D) competition
E) reproduction

Question 15

When an egg is fertilized, the sperm contributes _________chromosomes.

A) 12
B) 74
C) 23
D) 46
E) 14

Question 16

Which of the following statements is true?

A) While natural selection operates on genotypes, only phenotypes are transmitted from generation to generation.
B) While natural selection operates on phenotypes, only genotypes are transmitted from generation to generation.
C) Regardless of your genotype, only you phenotype will be passed on to your children.
D) Your phenotype is invariant during your lifetime.
E) Genes make traits and diseases.

Question 17

What is the role of alleles in polygenic traits?

A) Dominant alleles are responsible for expressing the trait.
B) Recessive alleles play a major role in the final outcome of the trait.
C) For every two alleles, there is one polygenic trait.
D) Each allele has a small effect in determining the final phenotype.
E) Each allele has a massive effect in determining the final phenotype.

Question 18

The environment cannot typically change the genotype, with the exception of exposure to _________.

A) radiation
B) aspartame
C) carcinogens
D) x-rays
E) nucleic acid
F) M&Ms

Question 19

What is the term for different gene pools?

A) races
B) genus
C) phylum
D) kingdom
E) species

Question 20

Which of the following statements is true?

A) Humans have the largest brains in relation to their body size compared to other animals.
B) Humans have the largest brains in the animal kingdom.
C) Human brains are 2.33% of their body weight.
D) When observing fossils of the human species, evidence shows that brain mass has decreased.
E) Human brains are similar in size and shape to the brains of chimpanzees.