Deck 12: Arguing

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Question
Read the following paragraphs and answer the questions after each paragraph.
The United States has not made a mistake by admitting millions of immigrants since the law was changed in 1965. Indeed, America's liberal immigration policy is one of our proudest public accomplishments. But America's liberal immigration policy is more likely to find continued acceptance among most Americans and keep the nativists at bay if the immigration preference system is changed to assure a fairer and more nationally diverse pool of immigrants. So let's not turn our backs on one of the most successful American ideas. Let's get it right.
-Peter Salins

-What is the paragraph's topic sentence? Does Salins state his opinion about a certain issue? Is this opinion debatable?
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Question
Read the following paragraphs and answer the questions after each paragraph.
The United States has not made a mistake by admitting millions of immigrants since the law was changed in 1965. Indeed, America's liberal immigration policy is one of our proudest public accomplishments. But America's liberal immigration policy is more likely to find continued acceptance among most Americans and keep the nativists at bay if the immigration preference system is changed to assure a fairer and more nationally diverse pool of immigrants. So let's not turn our backs on one of the most successful American ideas. Let's get it right.
-Peter Salins

-Whom do you think the author is addressing in this paragraph? How did you come to this conclusion?
Question
Read the following paragraphs and answer the questions after each paragraph.
The United States has not made a mistake by admitting millions of immigrants since the law was changed in 1965. Indeed, America's liberal immigration policy is one of our proudest public accomplishments. But America's liberal immigration policy is more likely to find continued acceptance among most Americans and keep the nativists at bay if the immigration preference system is changed to assure a fairer and more nationally diverse pool of immigrants. So let's not turn our backs on one of the most successful American ideas. Let's get it right.
-Peter Salins

-What evidence does the paragraph provide to support the topic sentence? How would you classify it?
Read the following paragraphs and answer the questions after each paragraph. The United States has not made a mistake by admitting millions of immigrants since the law was changed in 1965. Indeed, America's liberal immigration policy is one of our proudest public accomplishments. But America's liberal immigration policy is more likely to find continued acceptance among most Americans and keep the nativists at bay if the immigration preference system is changed to assure a fairer and more nationally diverse pool of immigrants. So let's not turn our backs on one of the most successful American ideas. Let's get it right. -Peter Salins  -What evidence does the paragraph provide to support the topic sentence? How would you classify it?  <div style=padding-top: 35px>
Question
Read the following paragraphs and answer the questions after each paragraph.
The United States has not made a mistake by admitting millions of immigrants since the law was changed in 1965. Indeed, America's liberal immigration policy is one of our proudest public accomplishments. But America's liberal immigration policy is more likely to find continued acceptance among most Americans and keep the nativists at bay if the immigration preference system is changed to assure a fairer and more nationally diverse pool of immigrants. So let's not turn our backs on one of the most successful American ideas. Let's get it right.
-Peter Salins
-How is the evidence in this paragraph organized: general to particular, particular to general, from one extreme to another? ______________________________________
Question
Television does not satisfy, or else why would the viewer continue to watch hour after hour, day after day? "The measure of health," writes Lawrence Kubie, "is flexibility… and especially the freedom to cease when sated." But the television viewer can never be sated with his television experiences-they do not provide the true nourishment that satiation requires-and thus he finds that he cannot stop watching.
-Marie Winn

-What is the paragraph's topic sentence? Does Winn state her opinion about a certain issue? Is this opinion debatable?
Question
Television does not satisfy, or else why would the viewer continue to watch hour after hour, day after day? "The measure of health," writes Lawrence Kubie, "is flexibility… and especially the freedom to cease when sated." But the television viewer can never be sated with his television experiences-they do not provide the true nourishment that satiation requires-and thus he finds that he cannot stop watching.
-Marie Winn

-Whom do you think the author is addressing in this paragraph? How did you come to this conclusion?
Question
Television does not satisfy, or else why would the viewer continue to watch hour after hour, day after day? "The measure of health," writes Lawrence Kubie, "is flexibility… and especially the freedom to cease when sated." But the television viewer can never be sated with his television experiences-they do not provide the true nourishment that satiation requires-and thus he finds that he cannot stop watching.
-Marie Winn

-What evidence does the paragraph provide to support the topic sentence? How would you classify it?
Television does not satisfy, or else why would the viewer continue to watch hour after hour, day after day? The measure of health, writes Lawrence Kubie, is flexibility… and especially the freedom to cease when sated. But the television viewer can never be sated with his television experiences-they do not provide the true nourishment that satiation requires-and thus he finds that he cannot stop watching. -Marie Winn  -What evidence does the paragraph provide to support the topic sentence? How would you classify it?  <div style=padding-top: 35px>
Question
Television does not satisfy, or else why would the viewer continue to watch hour after hour, day after day? "The measure of health," writes Lawrence Kubie, "is flexibility… and especially the freedom to cease when sated." But the television viewer can never be sated with his television experiences-they do not provide the true nourishment that satiation requires-and thus he finds that he cannot stop watching.
-Marie Winn
-How is the evidence in this paragraph organized: general to particular, particular to general, from one extreme to another?
Question
The tragic plight of our children clearly reveals our deep disregard for public well-being. About one out of every five children in this country lives in poverty, including one out of every two black children and two out of every five Hispanic children. Most of our children-neglected by overburdened parents and bombarded by the market values of profit-hungry corporations-are ill-equipped to live lives of spiritual and cultural quality. Faced with these facts, how do we expect ever to constitute a vibrant society?
One essential step is some form of large-scale public intervention to ensure access to basic social goods-housing, food, health care, education, child care, and jobs. We must invigorate the common good with a mixture of government, business, and labor that does not follow any existing blueprint. After a period in which the private sphere has been sacralized and the public square gutted, the temptation is to make a fetish of the public square. We need to resist such dogmatic swings.
-Cornell West

-What is each paragraph's topic sentence? Does West state his opinion about a certain issue? Is this opinion debatable?
Question
The tragic plight of our children clearly reveals our deep disregard for public well-being. About one out of every five children in this country lives in poverty, including one out of every two black children and two out of every five Hispanic children. Most of our children-neglected by overburdened parents and bombarded by the market values of profit-hungry corporations-are ill-equipped to live lives of spiritual and cultural quality. Faced with these facts, how do we expect ever to constitute a vibrant society?
One essential step is some form of large-scale public intervention to ensure access to basic social goods-housing, food, health care, education, child care, and jobs. We must invigorate the common good with a mixture of government, business, and labor that does not follow any existing blueprint. After a period in which the private sphere has been sacralized and the public square gutted, the temptation is to make a fetish of the public square. We need to resist such dogmatic swings.
-Cornell West

-Whom do you think the author is addressing in this paragraph? How did you come to this conclusion?
Question
The tragic plight of our children clearly reveals our deep disregard for public well-being. About one out of every five children in this country lives in poverty, including one out of every two black children and two out of every five Hispanic children. Most of our children-neglected by overburdened parents and bombarded by the market values of profit-hungry corporations-are ill-equipped to live lives of spiritual and cultural quality. Faced with these facts, how do we expect ever to constitute a vibrant society?
One essential step is some form of large-scale public intervention to ensure access to basic social goods-housing, food, health care, education, child care, and jobs. We must invigorate the common good with a mixture of government, business, and labor that does not follow any existing blueprint. After a period in which the private sphere has been sacralized and the public square gutted, the temptation is to make a fetish of the public square. We need to resist such dogmatic swings.
-Cornell West

-What evidence do the paragraphs provide to support their topic sentences? How would you classify it?
The tragic plight of our children clearly reveals our deep disregard for public well-being. About one out of every five children in this country lives in poverty, including one out of every two black children and two out of every five Hispanic children. Most of our children-neglected by overburdened parents and bombarded by the market values of profit-hungry corporations-are ill-equipped to live lives of spiritual and cultural quality. Faced with these facts, how do we expect ever to constitute a vibrant society? One essential step is some form of large-scale public intervention to ensure access to basic social goods-housing, food, health care, education, child care, and jobs. We must invigorate the common good with a mixture of government, business, and labor that does not follow any existing blueprint. After a period in which the private sphere has been sacralized and the public square gutted, the temptation is to make a fetish of the public square. We need to resist such dogmatic swings. -Cornell West  -What evidence do the paragraphs provide to support their topic sentences? How would you classify it?  <div style=padding-top: 35px>
Question
The tragic plight of our children clearly reveals our deep disregard for public well-being. About one out of every five children in this country lives in poverty, including one out of every two black children and two out of every five Hispanic children. Most of our children-neglected by overburdened parents and bombarded by the market values of profit-hungry corporations-are ill-equipped to live lives of spiritual and cultural quality. Faced with these facts, how do we expect ever to constitute a vibrant society?
One essential step is some form of large-scale public intervention to ensure access to basic social goods-housing, food, health care, education, child care, and jobs. We must invigorate the common good with a mixture of government, business, and labor that does not follow any existing blueprint. After a period in which the private sphere has been sacralized and the public square gutted, the temptation is to make a fetish of the public square. We need to resist such dogmatic swings.
-Cornell West
-How is the evidence in this paragraph organized: general to particular, particular to general, from one extreme to another?
Question
What is the purpose of arguing?

A) to start a fight
B) to emphatically make a point or express an opinion
C) to persuade your reader of your point or opinion
D) to make sure you get to state your opinion
Question
Why are arguing and persuading so closely related?

A) A good argument is persuasive.
B) Arguing is the same thing as persuading.
C) The act of persuading leads to good arguing.
D) You have to persuade in order to argue.
Question
What does the topic sentence of an argument paragraph do?

A) It introduces the topic and persuades your reader of your opinion.
B) It persuades your reader of your opinion.
C) It states your opinion on your topic or issue.
D) It states the opinion of others on your topic or issue.
Question
Why should you find out as much as you can about your audience before you write?

A) Knowing your audience will determine what support you will choose to use.
B) Knowing your audience's tastes will help you write a more convincing paper.
C) Knowing your audience will determine which side of your issue or topic you will take.
D) Knowing your audience will determine what types of topics you can discuss and what types you cannot discuss.
Question
What is the most important ingredient for an effective argument paragraph?

A) evidence
B) honesty
C) a good vocabulary
D) harsh judgments
Question
The following statement is what type of evidence?
"I have been looking for a job as a pharmacist for three years, but due to the lack of opportunities in this city, I have found work only in fast food restaurants and grocery stores."

A) fact
B) statement from an authority
C) illogical
D) personal story
Question
What will determine how you organize your evidence so that it supports your argument as effectively as possible?

A) the number of your examples
B) the strength of your evidence
C) the number of statistics you use
D) the opinions of your audience
Question
To persuade readers who probably do not agree with you, you should organize your paper

A) spatially.
B) from most to least important.
C) chronologically.
D) from least to most important.
Question
How does organizing from general to particular affect Marie Winn's argument in her paragraph about addiction of TV watching?

A) By establishing general claims for general terms, Winn is able to apply those general claims to particular terms. Like other addictions, TV watching induces a passive mental state. People overestimate the control they have over TV watching. People remain unable to resume other activities. So, TV watching is an addiction.
B) Winn's argument is difficult to follow because it is organized from general to particular.
C) The discussion in general terms is an effective introduction to the important particular topic.
D) It makes her argument less persuasive.
Question
What is the purpose of Winn's paragraph about TV watching?

A) to show how TV watching could be a positive experience
B) to argue that people have control over television watching
C) to convince the general public TV watching is an addiction
D) to criticize people for ignoring their responsibilities
Question
The purpose of arguing is to ______________ your readers to take some action or to think or feel a certain way.
Question
_______________ is the most important ingredient in an argument.
Question
You want to find out as much as you can about your _______________ before you write.
Question
You can use one or more types of ______________ in any argument paragraph.
Question
Your ____________ depends a great deal upon the opinions of your ________________.
Question
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-Solitary confinement can be psychologically damaging for any inmate, but it is especially perverse when it is used to discipline children and teenagers.

A) corrupt
B) inappropriate
C) necessary
D) harmful
Question
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-Solitary confinement is used to punish misbehavior, to protect vulnerable detainees or to isolate someone who may be violent or suicidal.

A) clients
B) troublemakers
C) inmates
D) children
Question
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-One girl who spent four months in solitary confinement in a county jail at 16, ostensibly to be protected from adults there, told me that solitary was "a dark place."

A) obviously
B) unfortunately
C) unknowingly
D) apparently
Question
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-A vast majority of children subjected to solitary confinement are in state facilities (where tens of thousands of children are held) and it will be up to each state to initiate reform.

A) protect
B) begin
C) decide
D) write
Question
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-New York has led the way on the latter by pledging to end solitary for 16- and 17-year-olds held as adults in its prisons and in jail at Rikers Island.

A) promising
B) supporting
C) competing
D) cooperating with
Question
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-The federal government already prohibits the detention of juveniles with adults in federal prisons (a rule that states should emulate ).

A) weaken
B) develop
C) praise
D) copy
Question
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-The Annie E. Casey Foundation recently revised its inspection standards, calling for isolation to be used only for children who posed an immediate risk to themselves or others.

A) protected
B) organized
C) updated
D) regulated
Question
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-These standards echo statements by the United Nations Special Rapporteur on Torture and the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights.

A) oppose
B) appear to be
C) support
D) reflect
Question
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-That the practice is widespread remains a disturbing indicator of how poorly we treat the hundreds of thousands of minors arrested each year in the United States.

A) rule
B) measurement
C) idea
D) statement
Question
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-Solitary confinement can sabotage both their rehabilitation and their growth.

A) undermine
B) avoid
C) earn
D) imagine
Question
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-What percentage of young people had been put in solitary in 2003?

A) 25%
B) 15%
C) 5%
D) 2%
Question
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-At New York City's Rikers Island, what had this number risen to in 2013?

A) 25%
B) 15%
C) 5%
D) 2%
Question
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-How many states have outlawed solitary confinement for juvenile facilities?

A) 50
B) 20
C) 12
D) 6
Question
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-What was the effect of being in solitary confinement for the teenagers that Kysel interviewed?

A) post-traumatic stress
B) self-harm
C) suicidal thoughts
D) all of the above
Question
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-How many of the suicides that occurred in juvenile facilities happened while the detainee was being held in solitary?

A) all of them
B) 10%
C) 50%
D) none of them
Question
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-What is Kysel's proposed solution?

A) states should limit the amount of time minors are held in solitary confinement
B) psychological examinations should be done before a minor is put in solitary
C) states should remove all minors from adult jails and ban solitary confinement
D) minors should be monitored when they are held in adult jails
Question
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-What is the position of Eric H. Holder, who should be able to outlaw the solitary confinement of juveniles?

A) Head of the Bureau of Prisons
B) Supreme Court Judge
C) Director of Juvenile Affairs
D) Attorney General
Question
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-The author outlines the exact process that could be followed to change the juvenile solitary confinement guidelines.
Question
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-Teenagers no longer need their rights protected if they have been incarcerated.
Question
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-Which of the following is a new standard for circumstances under which solitary confinement is justified in juvenile facilities?

A) Only if children pose an immediate threat to themselves or others
B) Only after other techniques had failed
C) Only for as long as it takes for a child to regain control of himself or herself
D) All of the above
Question
Answer the following questions about the essay.
-Putting teenagers in solitary was more common in adult ____________ and ____________.
Question
Answer the following questions about the essay.
-No state-nor the federal government-has banned ____________ of teens in adult jails and prisons.
Question
Answer the following questions about the essay.
-The suicide rate for minors in adult prisons was ____________ as high as that of older inmates.
Question
Answer the following questions about the essay.
-Young inmates should be managed in a way that promotes their healthy __________ and __________.
Question
Answer the following questions about the essay.
-The ____________ recently revised its inspection standards.
Question
Answer the following questions about the essay.

-Ian Kysel states his position that solitary confinement for minors is wrong and needs to be banned, but he never addresses any potential counter-arguments. How does this affect your reading of his argument? Does it make the argument stronger or weaker?
Question
Answer the following questions about the essay.

-Kysel discusses studies that he had personally conducted and teenagers that he had interviewed. Does the fact that the author is an expert on the subject affect the strength of his argument? Why or why not?
Question
Answer the following questions about the essay.
-Find an appeal to logic and to emotion in the essay. How do they both work for this particular topic and argument? Is one more effective than the other in this essay?
Question
Answer the following questions about the essay.
-An important part of the authors' argument is making the reader feel compassion toward minors in prison, despite the fact that they must have committed some kind of crime. How effective do you think the author is in eliciting this compassion? Explain.
Question
Answer the following questions about the essay.
-After reading the essay, have you been convinced that solitary confinement should be banned for minors? If yes, explain the specific points that have convinced you. If not, explain specifically what the essay needed to convince you.
More Ideas for Writing
Question
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-We've become accustomed to a new way of being "alone together."

A) changed
B) tolerant
C) resistant
D) familiar
Question
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-We want to customize our lives.

A) improve
B) maintain
C) modify
D) worsen
Question
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-A businessman laments that he no longer has colleagues at work.

A) rejoices
B) regrets
C) realizes
D) appreciates
Question
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-A sixteen-year-old boy who relies on texting for almost everything says almost wistfully , "Someday, someday, but certainly not now, I'd like to learn how to have a conversation."

A) happily
B) carelessly
C) sadly
D) quietly
Question
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-But it's a process in which we shortchange ourselves.

A) treat unfairly
B) wreck
C) preserve
D) recreate
Question
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-Connecting in sips may work for gathering discrete bits of information or for saying, "I am thinking about you."

A) unnamed
B) secretive
C) useful
D) separated
Question
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-In conversation we tend to one another.

A) talk
B) listen
C) ignore
D) look after
Question
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-As we get used to being shortchanged on conversation and to getting by with less, we seem almost willing to dispense with with people altogether.

A) reunite with
B) distribute
C) give up
D) forget
Question
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-Now our impulse is, "I want to have a feeling; I need to send a text."

A) feeling
B) discussion
C) urge
D) thought
Question
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-I am a partisan for conversation.

A) guardian
B) supporter
C) believer
D) skeptic
Question
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-What does the author say people have sacrificed for "mere connection"?

A) social lives
B) conversation
C) morals
D) romance
Question
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-How long has the author studied the ways people connect through technology?

A) 1 year
B) 5 years
C) 15 years
D) 20 years
Question
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-What does the author say people value the most?

A) friendship
B) family
C) solitude
D) control of self-interests
Question
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-Which of the following does the author not mention as an important part of conversation?

A) Revealing information about oneself and one's interests.
B) Seeing things from another person's point of view.
C) Learning how to become patient.
D) Learning how to self-reflect.
Question
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-What effect does the author believe communicating frequently with digital devices has on the way people communicate?

A) We become more confident speakers.
B) We become better thinkers.
C) Our communications become simplified.
D) Ours conversations become more interesting.
Question
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-The author believes that a growing interest in artificial intelligence and social robots points to our general willingness to do what?

A) improve the lives of others
B) push the limits of technology
C) develop new forms of entertainment
D) dispense with people
Question
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-Which of the following is not one of the "fantasies" that the author believes digital devices provide?

A) That we can always find comfort in solitude.
B) That we can always be listened to.
C) That we can always focus our attention on what interests us.
D) That we can always feel attached to others.
Question
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-According to the author, how does constant connection make us feel?

A) happy
B) lonely
C) confused
D) confident
Question
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-What does the author ask readers to do in order to make room for conversation?

A) Create "sacred spaces" and "device-free zones."
B) Begin "conversational Thursdays" at work.
C) Listen to one another.
D) All of the above
Question
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-The final emotional appeal that the author makes describes her experience __________.

A) using social networking sites
B) teaching at MIT
C) talking to friends and family
D) spending summers on Cape Cod
Question
Answer the following questions about the essay.
-The author argues that people are accustomed to being __________ because of how frequently people use technology to connect with others.
Question
Answer the following questions about the essay.
-The author refers to the act of using technology to control how close we are to others as the ________________.
Question
Answer the following questions about the essay.
-According to the author, social networking sites may appeal to users because they provide users with many ________________ when they feel that no one is listening to them.
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Deck 12: Arguing
1
Read the following paragraphs and answer the questions after each paragraph.
The United States has not made a mistake by admitting millions of immigrants since the law was changed in 1965. Indeed, America's liberal immigration policy is one of our proudest public accomplishments. But America's liberal immigration policy is more likely to find continued acceptance among most Americans and keep the nativists at bay if the immigration preference system is changed to assure a fairer and more nationally diverse pool of immigrants. So let's not turn our backs on one of the most successful American ideas. Let's get it right.
-Peter Salins

-What is the paragraph's topic sentence? Does Salins state his opinion about a certain issue? Is this opinion debatable?
"The United States has not made a mistake by admitting millions of immigrants since the law was changed in 1965." Salins' position is stated, and it is debatable.
2
Read the following paragraphs and answer the questions after each paragraph.
The United States has not made a mistake by admitting millions of immigrants since the law was changed in 1965. Indeed, America's liberal immigration policy is one of our proudest public accomplishments. But America's liberal immigration policy is more likely to find continued acceptance among most Americans and keep the nativists at bay if the immigration preference system is changed to assure a fairer and more nationally diverse pool of immigrants. So let's not turn our backs on one of the most successful American ideas. Let's get it right.
-Peter Salins

-Whom do you think the author is addressing in this paragraph? How did you come to this conclusion?
The author is probably addressing people who oppose immigration.
3
Read the following paragraphs and answer the questions after each paragraph.
The United States has not made a mistake by admitting millions of immigrants since the law was changed in 1965. Indeed, America's liberal immigration policy is one of our proudest public accomplishments. But America's liberal immigration policy is more likely to find continued acceptance among most Americans and keep the nativists at bay if the immigration preference system is changed to assure a fairer and more nationally diverse pool of immigrants. So let's not turn our backs on one of the most successful American ideas. Let's get it right.
-Peter Salins

-What evidence does the paragraph provide to support the topic sentence? How would you classify it?
Read the following paragraphs and answer the questions after each paragraph. The United States has not made a mistake by admitting millions of immigrants since the law was changed in 1965. Indeed, America's liberal immigration policy is one of our proudest public accomplishments. But America's liberal immigration policy is more likely to find continued acceptance among most Americans and keep the nativists at bay if the immigration preference system is changed to assure a fairer and more nationally diverse pool of immigrants. So let's not turn our backs on one of the most successful American ideas. Let's get it right. -Peter Salins  -What evidence does the paragraph provide to support the topic sentence? How would you classify it?
4
Read the following paragraphs and answer the questions after each paragraph.
The United States has not made a mistake by admitting millions of immigrants since the law was changed in 1965. Indeed, America's liberal immigration policy is one of our proudest public accomplishments. But America's liberal immigration policy is more likely to find continued acceptance among most Americans and keep the nativists at bay if the immigration preference system is changed to assure a fairer and more nationally diverse pool of immigrants. So let's not turn our backs on one of the most successful American ideas. Let's get it right.
-Peter Salins
-How is the evidence in this paragraph organized: general to particular, particular to general, from one extreme to another? ______________________________________
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5
Television does not satisfy, or else why would the viewer continue to watch hour after hour, day after day? "The measure of health," writes Lawrence Kubie, "is flexibility… and especially the freedom to cease when sated." But the television viewer can never be sated with his television experiences-they do not provide the true nourishment that satiation requires-and thus he finds that he cannot stop watching.
-Marie Winn

-What is the paragraph's topic sentence? Does Winn state her opinion about a certain issue? Is this opinion debatable?
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6
Television does not satisfy, or else why would the viewer continue to watch hour after hour, day after day? "The measure of health," writes Lawrence Kubie, "is flexibility… and especially the freedom to cease when sated." But the television viewer can never be sated with his television experiences-they do not provide the true nourishment that satiation requires-and thus he finds that he cannot stop watching.
-Marie Winn

-Whom do you think the author is addressing in this paragraph? How did you come to this conclusion?
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7
Television does not satisfy, or else why would the viewer continue to watch hour after hour, day after day? "The measure of health," writes Lawrence Kubie, "is flexibility… and especially the freedom to cease when sated." But the television viewer can never be sated with his television experiences-they do not provide the true nourishment that satiation requires-and thus he finds that he cannot stop watching.
-Marie Winn

-What evidence does the paragraph provide to support the topic sentence? How would you classify it?
Television does not satisfy, or else why would the viewer continue to watch hour after hour, day after day? The measure of health, writes Lawrence Kubie, is flexibility… and especially the freedom to cease when sated. But the television viewer can never be sated with his television experiences-they do not provide the true nourishment that satiation requires-and thus he finds that he cannot stop watching. -Marie Winn  -What evidence does the paragraph provide to support the topic sentence? How would you classify it?
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8
Television does not satisfy, or else why would the viewer continue to watch hour after hour, day after day? "The measure of health," writes Lawrence Kubie, "is flexibility… and especially the freedom to cease when sated." But the television viewer can never be sated with his television experiences-they do not provide the true nourishment that satiation requires-and thus he finds that he cannot stop watching.
-Marie Winn
-How is the evidence in this paragraph organized: general to particular, particular to general, from one extreme to another?
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9
The tragic plight of our children clearly reveals our deep disregard for public well-being. About one out of every five children in this country lives in poverty, including one out of every two black children and two out of every five Hispanic children. Most of our children-neglected by overburdened parents and bombarded by the market values of profit-hungry corporations-are ill-equipped to live lives of spiritual and cultural quality. Faced with these facts, how do we expect ever to constitute a vibrant society?
One essential step is some form of large-scale public intervention to ensure access to basic social goods-housing, food, health care, education, child care, and jobs. We must invigorate the common good with a mixture of government, business, and labor that does not follow any existing blueprint. After a period in which the private sphere has been sacralized and the public square gutted, the temptation is to make a fetish of the public square. We need to resist such dogmatic swings.
-Cornell West

-What is each paragraph's topic sentence? Does West state his opinion about a certain issue? Is this opinion debatable?
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10
The tragic plight of our children clearly reveals our deep disregard for public well-being. About one out of every five children in this country lives in poverty, including one out of every two black children and two out of every five Hispanic children. Most of our children-neglected by overburdened parents and bombarded by the market values of profit-hungry corporations-are ill-equipped to live lives of spiritual and cultural quality. Faced with these facts, how do we expect ever to constitute a vibrant society?
One essential step is some form of large-scale public intervention to ensure access to basic social goods-housing, food, health care, education, child care, and jobs. We must invigorate the common good with a mixture of government, business, and labor that does not follow any existing blueprint. After a period in which the private sphere has been sacralized and the public square gutted, the temptation is to make a fetish of the public square. We need to resist such dogmatic swings.
-Cornell West

-Whom do you think the author is addressing in this paragraph? How did you come to this conclusion?
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11
The tragic plight of our children clearly reveals our deep disregard for public well-being. About one out of every five children in this country lives in poverty, including one out of every two black children and two out of every five Hispanic children. Most of our children-neglected by overburdened parents and bombarded by the market values of profit-hungry corporations-are ill-equipped to live lives of spiritual and cultural quality. Faced with these facts, how do we expect ever to constitute a vibrant society?
One essential step is some form of large-scale public intervention to ensure access to basic social goods-housing, food, health care, education, child care, and jobs. We must invigorate the common good with a mixture of government, business, and labor that does not follow any existing blueprint. After a period in which the private sphere has been sacralized and the public square gutted, the temptation is to make a fetish of the public square. We need to resist such dogmatic swings.
-Cornell West

-What evidence do the paragraphs provide to support their topic sentences? How would you classify it?
The tragic plight of our children clearly reveals our deep disregard for public well-being. About one out of every five children in this country lives in poverty, including one out of every two black children and two out of every five Hispanic children. Most of our children-neglected by overburdened parents and bombarded by the market values of profit-hungry corporations-are ill-equipped to live lives of spiritual and cultural quality. Faced with these facts, how do we expect ever to constitute a vibrant society? One essential step is some form of large-scale public intervention to ensure access to basic social goods-housing, food, health care, education, child care, and jobs. We must invigorate the common good with a mixture of government, business, and labor that does not follow any existing blueprint. After a period in which the private sphere has been sacralized and the public square gutted, the temptation is to make a fetish of the public square. We need to resist such dogmatic swings. -Cornell West  -What evidence do the paragraphs provide to support their topic sentences? How would you classify it?
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12
The tragic plight of our children clearly reveals our deep disregard for public well-being. About one out of every five children in this country lives in poverty, including one out of every two black children and two out of every five Hispanic children. Most of our children-neglected by overburdened parents and bombarded by the market values of profit-hungry corporations-are ill-equipped to live lives of spiritual and cultural quality. Faced with these facts, how do we expect ever to constitute a vibrant society?
One essential step is some form of large-scale public intervention to ensure access to basic social goods-housing, food, health care, education, child care, and jobs. We must invigorate the common good with a mixture of government, business, and labor that does not follow any existing blueprint. After a period in which the private sphere has been sacralized and the public square gutted, the temptation is to make a fetish of the public square. We need to resist such dogmatic swings.
-Cornell West
-How is the evidence in this paragraph organized: general to particular, particular to general, from one extreme to another?
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13
What is the purpose of arguing?

A) to start a fight
B) to emphatically make a point or express an opinion
C) to persuade your reader of your point or opinion
D) to make sure you get to state your opinion
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14
Why are arguing and persuading so closely related?

A) A good argument is persuasive.
B) Arguing is the same thing as persuading.
C) The act of persuading leads to good arguing.
D) You have to persuade in order to argue.
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15
What does the topic sentence of an argument paragraph do?

A) It introduces the topic and persuades your reader of your opinion.
B) It persuades your reader of your opinion.
C) It states your opinion on your topic or issue.
D) It states the opinion of others on your topic or issue.
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16
Why should you find out as much as you can about your audience before you write?

A) Knowing your audience will determine what support you will choose to use.
B) Knowing your audience's tastes will help you write a more convincing paper.
C) Knowing your audience will determine which side of your issue or topic you will take.
D) Knowing your audience will determine what types of topics you can discuss and what types you cannot discuss.
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17
What is the most important ingredient for an effective argument paragraph?

A) evidence
B) honesty
C) a good vocabulary
D) harsh judgments
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18
The following statement is what type of evidence?
"I have been looking for a job as a pharmacist for three years, but due to the lack of opportunities in this city, I have found work only in fast food restaurants and grocery stores."

A) fact
B) statement from an authority
C) illogical
D) personal story
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19
What will determine how you organize your evidence so that it supports your argument as effectively as possible?

A) the number of your examples
B) the strength of your evidence
C) the number of statistics you use
D) the opinions of your audience
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20
To persuade readers who probably do not agree with you, you should organize your paper

A) spatially.
B) from most to least important.
C) chronologically.
D) from least to most important.
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21
How does organizing from general to particular affect Marie Winn's argument in her paragraph about addiction of TV watching?

A) By establishing general claims for general terms, Winn is able to apply those general claims to particular terms. Like other addictions, TV watching induces a passive mental state. People overestimate the control they have over TV watching. People remain unable to resume other activities. So, TV watching is an addiction.
B) Winn's argument is difficult to follow because it is organized from general to particular.
C) The discussion in general terms is an effective introduction to the important particular topic.
D) It makes her argument less persuasive.
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22
What is the purpose of Winn's paragraph about TV watching?

A) to show how TV watching could be a positive experience
B) to argue that people have control over television watching
C) to convince the general public TV watching is an addiction
D) to criticize people for ignoring their responsibilities
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23
The purpose of arguing is to ______________ your readers to take some action or to think or feel a certain way.
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24
_______________ is the most important ingredient in an argument.
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25
You want to find out as much as you can about your _______________ before you write.
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26
You can use one or more types of ______________ in any argument paragraph.
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27
Your ____________ depends a great deal upon the opinions of your ________________.
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28
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-Solitary confinement can be psychologically damaging for any inmate, but it is especially perverse when it is used to discipline children and teenagers.

A) corrupt
B) inappropriate
C) necessary
D) harmful
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29
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-Solitary confinement is used to punish misbehavior, to protect vulnerable detainees or to isolate someone who may be violent or suicidal.

A) clients
B) troublemakers
C) inmates
D) children
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30
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-One girl who spent four months in solitary confinement in a county jail at 16, ostensibly to be protected from adults there, told me that solitary was "a dark place."

A) obviously
B) unfortunately
C) unknowingly
D) apparently
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31
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-A vast majority of children subjected to solitary confinement are in state facilities (where tens of thousands of children are held) and it will be up to each state to initiate reform.

A) protect
B) begin
C) decide
D) write
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32
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-New York has led the way on the latter by pledging to end solitary for 16- and 17-year-olds held as adults in its prisons and in jail at Rikers Island.

A) promising
B) supporting
C) competing
D) cooperating with
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33
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-The federal government already prohibits the detention of juveniles with adults in federal prisons (a rule that states should emulate ).

A) weaken
B) develop
C) praise
D) copy
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34
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-The Annie E. Casey Foundation recently revised its inspection standards, calling for isolation to be used only for children who posed an immediate risk to themselves or others.

A) protected
B) organized
C) updated
D) regulated
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35
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-These standards echo statements by the United Nations Special Rapporteur on Torture and the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights.

A) oppose
B) appear to be
C) support
D) reflect
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36
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-That the practice is widespread remains a disturbing indicator of how poorly we treat the hundreds of thousands of minors arrested each year in the United States.

A) rule
B) measurement
C) idea
D) statement
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37
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-Solitary confinement can sabotage both their rehabilitation and their growth.

A) undermine
B) avoid
C) earn
D) imagine
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38
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-What percentage of young people had been put in solitary in 2003?

A) 25%
B) 15%
C) 5%
D) 2%
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39
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-At New York City's Rikers Island, what had this number risen to in 2013?

A) 25%
B) 15%
C) 5%
D) 2%
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40
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-How many states have outlawed solitary confinement for juvenile facilities?

A) 50
B) 20
C) 12
D) 6
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41
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-What was the effect of being in solitary confinement for the teenagers that Kysel interviewed?

A) post-traumatic stress
B) self-harm
C) suicidal thoughts
D) all of the above
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42
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-How many of the suicides that occurred in juvenile facilities happened while the detainee was being held in solitary?

A) all of them
B) 10%
C) 50%
D) none of them
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43
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-What is Kysel's proposed solution?

A) states should limit the amount of time minors are held in solitary confinement
B) psychological examinations should be done before a minor is put in solitary
C) states should remove all minors from adult jails and ban solitary confinement
D) minors should be monitored when they are held in adult jails
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44
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-What is the position of Eric H. Holder, who should be able to outlaw the solitary confinement of juveniles?

A) Head of the Bureau of Prisons
B) Supreme Court Judge
C) Director of Juvenile Affairs
D) Attorney General
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45
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-The author outlines the exact process that could be followed to change the juvenile solitary confinement guidelines.
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46
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-Teenagers no longer need their rights protected if they have been incarcerated.
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47
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-Which of the following is a new standard for circumstances under which solitary confinement is justified in juvenile facilities?

A) Only if children pose an immediate threat to themselves or others
B) Only after other techniques had failed
C) Only for as long as it takes for a child to regain control of himself or herself
D) All of the above
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48
Answer the following questions about the essay.
-Putting teenagers in solitary was more common in adult ____________ and ____________.
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49
Answer the following questions about the essay.
-No state-nor the federal government-has banned ____________ of teens in adult jails and prisons.
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50
Answer the following questions about the essay.
-The suicide rate for minors in adult prisons was ____________ as high as that of older inmates.
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51
Answer the following questions about the essay.
-Young inmates should be managed in a way that promotes their healthy __________ and __________.
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52
Answer the following questions about the essay.
-The ____________ recently revised its inspection standards.
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53
Answer the following questions about the essay.

-Ian Kysel states his position that solitary confinement for minors is wrong and needs to be banned, but he never addresses any potential counter-arguments. How does this affect your reading of his argument? Does it make the argument stronger or weaker?
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54
Answer the following questions about the essay.

-Kysel discusses studies that he had personally conducted and teenagers that he had interviewed. Does the fact that the author is an expert on the subject affect the strength of his argument? Why or why not?
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55
Answer the following questions about the essay.
-Find an appeal to logic and to emotion in the essay. How do they both work for this particular topic and argument? Is one more effective than the other in this essay?
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56
Answer the following questions about the essay.
-An important part of the authors' argument is making the reader feel compassion toward minors in prison, despite the fact that they must have committed some kind of crime. How effective do you think the author is in eliciting this compassion? Explain.
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57
Answer the following questions about the essay.
-After reading the essay, have you been convinced that solitary confinement should be banned for minors? If yes, explain the specific points that have convinced you. If not, explain specifically what the essay needed to convince you.
More Ideas for Writing
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58
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-We've become accustomed to a new way of being "alone together."

A) changed
B) tolerant
C) resistant
D) familiar
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59
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-We want to customize our lives.

A) improve
B) maintain
C) modify
D) worsen
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60
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-A businessman laments that he no longer has colleagues at work.

A) rejoices
B) regrets
C) realizes
D) appreciates
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61
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-A sixteen-year-old boy who relies on texting for almost everything says almost wistfully , "Someday, someday, but certainly not now, I'd like to learn how to have a conversation."

A) happily
B) carelessly
C) sadly
D) quietly
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62
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-But it's a process in which we shortchange ourselves.

A) treat unfairly
B) wreck
C) preserve
D) recreate
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63
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-Connecting in sips may work for gathering discrete bits of information or for saying, "I am thinking about you."

A) unnamed
B) secretive
C) useful
D) separated
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64
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-In conversation we tend to one another.

A) talk
B) listen
C) ignore
D) look after
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65
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-As we get used to being shortchanged on conversation and to getting by with less, we seem almost willing to dispense with with people altogether.

A) reunite with
B) distribute
C) give up
D) forget
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66
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-Now our impulse is, "I want to have a feeling; I need to send a text."

A) feeling
B) discussion
C) urge
D) thought
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67
Choose the correct definition for each of the following underlined words from the essay.

-I am a partisan for conversation.

A) guardian
B) supporter
C) believer
D) skeptic
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68
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-What does the author say people have sacrificed for "mere connection"?

A) social lives
B) conversation
C) morals
D) romance
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69
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-How long has the author studied the ways people connect through technology?

A) 1 year
B) 5 years
C) 15 years
D) 20 years
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70
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-What does the author say people value the most?

A) friendship
B) family
C) solitude
D) control of self-interests
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71
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-Which of the following does the author not mention as an important part of conversation?

A) Revealing information about oneself and one's interests.
B) Seeing things from another person's point of view.
C) Learning how to become patient.
D) Learning how to self-reflect.
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72
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-What effect does the author believe communicating frequently with digital devices has on the way people communicate?

A) We become more confident speakers.
B) We become better thinkers.
C) Our communications become simplified.
D) Ours conversations become more interesting.
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73
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-The author believes that a growing interest in artificial intelligence and social robots points to our general willingness to do what?

A) improve the lives of others
B) push the limits of technology
C) develop new forms of entertainment
D) dispense with people
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74
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-Which of the following is not one of the "fantasies" that the author believes digital devices provide?

A) That we can always find comfort in solitude.
B) That we can always be listened to.
C) That we can always focus our attention on what interests us.
D) That we can always feel attached to others.
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75
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-According to the author, how does constant connection make us feel?

A) happy
B) lonely
C) confused
D) confident
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76
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-What does the author ask readers to do in order to make room for conversation?

A) Create "sacred spaces" and "device-free zones."
B) Begin "conversational Thursdays" at work.
C) Listen to one another.
D) All of the above
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77
Choose the correct answer for each of the following questions about the essay.

-The final emotional appeal that the author makes describes her experience __________.

A) using social networking sites
B) teaching at MIT
C) talking to friends and family
D) spending summers on Cape Cod
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78
Answer the following questions about the essay.
-The author argues that people are accustomed to being __________ because of how frequently people use technology to connect with others.
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79
Answer the following questions about the essay.
-The author refers to the act of using technology to control how close we are to others as the ________________.
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80
Answer the following questions about the essay.
-According to the author, social networking sites may appeal to users because they provide users with many ________________ when they feel that no one is listening to them.
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