Deck 11: Inflammation

Question 1

Lab results for a client are consistent with inflammation. What is the nurse's understanding of inflammation? Select all that apply.

A) It is defined as a protective tissue response.
B) It is a response to tissue injury.
C) It involves the destruction of tissue.
D) It indicates the presence of an infection.
E) It begins the process of tissue repair.

Answer 1

It is defined as a protective tissue response.
It is a response to tissue injury.
It involves the destruction of tissue.
It begins the process of tissue repair.

Question 2

The nurse is providing education for a client with Crohn disease. Which statement will the nurse include when teaching the client about the disease?

A) "Crohn disease is an active allergic response."
B) "Crohn disease is the result of an acute inflammatory response."
C) "Crohn disease is a chronic inflammatory disorder."
D) Crohn disease is a chronic inflammatory disorder caused by the immune system targeting healthy tissues of the digestive tract. The cause of Crohn disease is understood to be multifactorial, but is not the result of an allergic response, nor an acute inflammatory response. Crohn disease is not caused by the immune system targeting diseased tissue.

Answer 2

"Crohn disease is a chronic inflammatory disorder."

Question 3

The nurse is providing education to the parent of an infant about innate immunity. Which statement by the parent indicates an understanding of the material?

A) "Innate immunity is a delayed response of the immune system."
B) "Innate immunity responds to a specific antigen to prevent illness."
C) "Innate immunity is the basis for vaccinations."
D) "Innate immunity is the body's first line of defense."

Answer 3

"Innate immunity is the body's first line of defense."

Question 4

The nurse is assessing a client with local cellulitis due to an insect bite. Which symptoms will the nurse anticipate?

A) Swelling
B) Chills
C) Redness
D) Heat
E) Pain

Question 5

The nurse is caring for a client with acute inflammation of the right knee resulting from a bacterial infection. Which vascular events are occurring as a result of the inflammation? Select all that apply.

A) Vascular permeability
B) Cellular infiltration
C) Prolonged vasoconstriction
D) Thrombosis
E) Release of chemical mediators

Question 6

A client with a burn injury asks, "Why does swelling happen after a burn?" What is the nurse's best initial response?

A) "Swelling occurs because the vessels dilate, which slows the flow of blood."
B) "Swelling occurs because the vessels leak fluid into the surrounding tissue."
C) "Swelling occurs because of the release of chemicals that impact the vessels."
D) "Swelling occurs in order to prepare the injured area for healing."

Question 7

The nurse is caring for a client with a healing surgical incision. Which organs does the nurse understand are integral to regulating the client's inflammation? Select all that apply.

A) Skin
B) Spleen
C) Thymus
D) Kidneys
E) Appendix

Question 8

The nurse prepares to administer a glucocorticoid agent to a client with an inflammatory disorder. What is the nurse's understanding of the purpose of glucocorticoids in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis?

A) Glucocorticoids cause the release of cytokines that downregulate the inflammatory response.
B) Glucocorticoids increase the number of active immune cells in the body.
C) Glucocorticoids stimulate the pituitary, decreasing inflammation.
D) Glucorticoids act with cytokines to decrease the inflammatory response.

Question 9

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with appendicitis. The nurse understands that this is an example of which type of inflammation?

A) Serous inflammation
B) Purulent inflammation
C) Fibrinous inflammation
D) Ulceration

Question 10

The nurse is caring for a client with acute inflammation. What possible outcomes of acute inflammation does the nurse anticipate while caring for the client? Select all that apply.

A) Fibrosis formation
B) Abscess formation
C) Chronic inflammation
D) Serous inflammation
E) Resolution

Question 11

A client's laboratory results are consistent with chronic inflammation. Which potential causes of chronic inflammation does the nurse suspect? Select all that apply.

A) Malnutrition
B) Autoimmune diseases
C) Poor blood supply
D) Prolonged exposure to irritants
E) Unresolved or repeated acute infections

Question 12

A nurse cares for a client experiencing an acute-phase inflammatory response. Which clinical manifestation does the nurse expect upon physical assessment?

A) Leukopenia
B) Decreased serum proteins
C) Pyrexia
D) Decreased erythrocytes

Question 13

The nurse is caring for a client with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Which assessment finding would the nurse anticipate? Select all that apply.

A) A white blood cell (WBC) count less than 3,000 cells/mm³ or greater than 10,000 cells/mm³
B) A heart rate of greater than 90 beats per minute
C) A respiratory rate of greater than 16 respirations per minute
D) A body temperature of less than 36°C or greater than 38°C
E) The presence of greater than 20% immature neutrophils

Question 14

A nurse is caring for a client with lymphocytosis. Which possible causes of this finding does the nurse identify? Select all that apply.

A) Parasitic infections
B) Lymphoma
C) Inflammatory bowel disease
D) Tuberculosis
E) Myelogenous leukemia

Question 15

A nurse is providing education to a client with alopecia areata. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of this condition?

A) "My condition is a tissue-specific autoimmune disease."
B) "My condition is due to my body perceiving my skin as foreign."
C) "My condition is caused by initiating an inflammatory response to diseased tissue."
D) "My condition is caused by anti-inflammatory cytokines."

Question 16

The nurse is providing education for a client diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Which statement will the nurse include in the teaching material?

A) "Excessive inflammation occurs when you have less white blood cells."
B) "Removal of dead cells in your body causes an immune response."
C) "Your body is in a state of imbalance due to problems removing dead cells."
D) "Excessive inflammation occurs when you have abnormally-shaped cells."

Question 17

The nurse is caring for a group of clients with conditions involving inflammation. Which condition is most closely related to the concept of immunity?

A) Asthma
B) Frostbite
C) Colon cancer
D) Hypersensitivity reaction

Question 18

A nurse is caring for a group of clients. Which clients have disorders associated with chronic inflammation? Select all that apply.

A) A client with a knee replacement
B) A client with osteoporosis
C) A client with bacterial meningitis
D) A client with major depression
E) A client with advanced Alzheimer disease (AD)

Question 19

The nurse is preparing to administer prednisone to a client with an inflammatory condition. Which statement by the client requires further follow up by the nurse?

A) "I will elevate the affected area."
B) "I can anticipate that my swelling will decrease."
C) "I will take the medication to treat the cause of my inflammation."
D) "Applying ice to the affected area may not be helpful."

Question 20

The nurse is reviewing a client's list of medications. Which medications does the nurse understand to be anti-inflammatory in action? Select all that apply.

A) Prednisone
B) Aspirin
C) Ibuprofen
D) Acetaminophen
E) Celecoxib