Deck 10: Gestalt Therapy

Question 1

In Gestalt theory, actualization is

A)seen as an important human goal.
B)defined much differently than it is in person-centered theory.
C)not emphasized.
D)a and b above.

Answer 1

seen as an important human goal.

Question 2

The term "Gestalt" refers to

A)treatment.
B)wholeness.
C)pathology.
D)awareness.

Answer 2

wholeness.

Question 3

People's need of homeostasis leads them to view themselves and their world in terms of _______________.

A)homogeneity.
B)congruence.
C)relativity.
D)polarities.

Answer 3

polarities.

Question 4

Tamar is intently reading a book and is oblivious to the radio playing. Identify the figure and ground in this example.

A)Tamar is the figure and the book is the ground.
B)Tamar is the figure and the radio is the ground.
C)The book is the figure and the radio is the ground.
D)The radio is the figure and the book is the ground.

Question 5

In Gestalt therapy, identification and alienation are related to shifting

A)ego states.
B)ego boundaries.
C)figures.
D)ground.

Question 6

One of the main causes of people's lack of full awareness is

A)homeostasis.
B)preoccupation.
C)an inability to retrieve unconscious material.
D)living in the moment.

Question 7

According to Perls, living in the here-and-now leads to

A)fuller awareness.
B)imbalance.
C)flux.
D)a lack of foresight.

Question 8

According to Perls, people with "growth disorders" are overwhelmed by

A)difficulties in physical development.
B)unfinished business.
C)guilt.
D)Gestalt anxiety.

Question 9

The Gestalt therapists' views of the therapeutic alliance are most like those of the

A)Freudian psychoanalysts.
B)Adlerian therapists.
C)both a and b.
D)existential therapists.

Question 10

Which of the following is the least likely question that a Gestalt therapist might ask of a client who is making a fist with his hand?

A)"What are you experiencing when you are making a fist?"
B)"How does it feel when you make a fist?"
C)"Why are you making a fist?"
D)"What is your fist saying?"

Question 11

Gestalt therapists typically prefer statements to questions primarily because statements

A)keep the focus on the client.
B)are likely to elicit more important client information.
C)are more conducive to the development of a collaborative client-clinician relationship.
D)preserve the teacher-student relationship.

Question 12

In Gestalt therapy, work with dreams is

A)conducted in a similar fashion to Freudian dream interpretation.
B)designed to promote integration.
C)unnecessary because of the here-and-now emphasis.
D)used primarily to help people get past the "impasse" layer.

Question 13

Which of the following disorders seems least likely to benefit from Gestalt therapy?

A)anorexia nervosa
B)schizophrenia
C)dysthymic disorder
D)generalized anxiety

Question 14

Gestalt therapy focuses on

A)emotions and sensations.
B)emotions and thoughts.
C)thoughts and sensations.
D)sensations and actions.

Question 15

Which of the following is not true of transactional analysis ego states?

A)They include similar structures to Freud's ego, id, and superego.
B)Berne viewed ego states as observable in behavior and interactions.
C)The ego states evolve throughout life.
D)Frustrated drives are more important than parental messages in forming the ego states.

Question 16

According to Berne, difficulties in communication and relationships are most likely due to

A)dominance of the child ego state.
B)dysfunctional parental modeling.
C)failure to analyze transactions.
D)an imbalance among the ego states.

Question 17

Categorize the following transaction:
Person A: I really have a lot of work to do today.
Person B: You shouldn't have let it all go until the last minute.

A)complementary
B)crossed
C)ulterior
D)none of the above

Question 18

Categorize the following transaction:
Person A: I won't have time to cook tonight. Would you like to eat out?
Person B: That would be fine. Where should I meet you?

A)complementary
B)crossed
C)ulterior
D)none of the above

Question 19

Categorize the following transaction:
Person A: (Overt message): You are going to work late this evening? I guess I'll just cancel my plans since I won't be able to get a sitter at this hour.
Person A (Covert message): I want you to know that you are ruining my evening. You owe me now!

A)complementary
B)crossed
C)ulterior
D)none of the above

Question 20

Gestalt therapy incorporates Buddhist thought in all but one of the following

A)Transactional analysis.
B)The polarity of life.
C)Present moment awareness.
D)The paradoxical role of change.

Question 21

Explain Perls' concept of ego boundary. What difficulties are sometimes encountered by people with weak ego boundaries and what difficulties often are encountered by those with inflexible ego boundaries?

Question 22

Describe five of the treatment objectives of Gestalt therapy.

Question 23

Explain the significance and use of each of the following in Gestalt therapy:
●role plays
●empty chair
●"ah-ha" experience
●topdog/underdog game
●hot seat
●making the rounds

Question 24

Describe three strategies that a Gestalt therapist might use to focus attention on bodily sensations.

Question 25

Discuss the limitations, strengths, and contributions of Gestalt therapy. Identify several considerations when deciding whether to use this approach with people from nonwestern cultures.

Question 26

Describe the three types of transactions identified by transactional analysis. Diagram and provide an example of each.

Question 27

Discuss the contributions of transactional analysis to counseling and psychotherapy.