Deck 16: Health Psychology: Adjusting to Life

Question 1

Ciara's therapist asks her to lie on the couch and talk about whatever comes to mind without censoring anything. This technique, called _________, is meant to help the client and therapist find recurring themes or issues that can provide clues to the unconscious cause or causes of the problem.

A) free association
B) insight
C) transference
D) client-centered therapy

Answer 1

free association

Question 2

When Dr. Callum points out Dylan's pattern of avoiding therapy sessions, Dylan becomes angry and accuses Dr. Callum of being controlling and demeaning. He threatens to quit therapy if Dr. Callum doesn't quit treating him "the same way my father did."Dr. Callum points out the similarities between what Dylan is feeling now and how he felt as a child; that is, Dr. Callum is

A) providing an interpretation.
B) utilizing free association.
C) transferring his own feelings onto Dylan.
D) relying on humanistic techniques.

Answer 2

providing an interpretation.

Question 3

Even though some of Masato's graduate school professors have taught him that a therapist should always act as a blank screen onto which clients can project their unconscious conflicts, Masato prefers to maintain consistency between the way he feels and the way he behaves. He expresses his feelings honestly to clients, regardless of whether they are positive or negative. Masato's professors were probably__________ therapists.

A) psychodynamic
B) humanistic
C) client-centered
D) cognitive

Answer 3

psychodynamic

Question 4

Dr. Jevonte believes that the unconscious plays an active role in most clients' problems and that oftentimes maladaptive thoughts and behaviors are learned in childhood. When she works with clients who have depression or anxiety diagnoses, she prefers to use cognitive-behavioral treatments, though if there is a significant interpersonal element she includes interpersonal or Gestalt techniques. Dr. Jevonte is a/an __________ therapist.

A) psychodynamic
B) Gestalt
C) cognitive-behavioral
D) eclectic

Question 5

Even though some of Masato's graduate school professors have taught him that a therapist should always act as a blank screen onto which clients can project their unconscious conflicts, Masato prefers to maintain consistency between the way he feels and the way he behaves. He expresses his feelings honestly to clients, regardless of whether they are positive or negative. Masato values

A) genuineness.
B) interpretations.
C) transference.
D) empathy.

Question 6

Takeshi is seeing Dr. Shakar to help her deal with her social phobia. Early in treatment, they built a list of 15 steps beginning with low-anxiety scenarios and ending with high-anxiety scenarios. Over time, they have conquered many of the situations on the list, and it is time for Takeshi to try staying relaxed while walking down a busy street. The approach Dr. Shakar is using with Takeshi is called

A) flooding.
B) free association.
C) rational-emotive therapy.
D) systematic desensitization.

Question 7

Damita and Anselmo's children have more power in the household than they do. They finally decide they've had enough and sign up for a parenting seminar. There they learn about __________, a series of techniques that rely on operant conditioning to reduce children's undesirable behaviors and increasethose that are desirable.

A) aversion therapy
B) transference
C) tardive dyskinesia
D) behavior modification

Question 8

Damita and Anselmo's children have more power in the household than they do. They finally decidethey've had enough and sign up for a parenting seminar. There they learn about a series of techniquesthat rely on operant conditioning to reduce children's undesirable behaviors and increase those thatare desirable. In particular, they are encouraged to reinforce all desired behaviors systematically byallowing their children to earn plastic chips that can later be redeemed for predetermined rewards.This system is referred to as

A) a token economy.
B) a tricyclic.
C) a placebo control.
D) dialectical behavior therapy (DBT).

Question 9

Dr. Roshaun is a family therapist, so when Talisa's mother calls to say that her daughter is having problems with depression, Dr. Roshaun asks the whole family to come in. When he meets with the family, it quickly becomes clear to him that Talisa's mother is an alcoholic, but no one in the family is willing to admit it. This dynamic is really what is causing Talisa's depression. In this situation, Talisa is

A) the identified patient.
B) a good candidate for dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT).
C) likely to respond well to aversion therapy.
D) becoming an alcoholic, too.

Question 10

Honoria works in a college counseling center. She believes that the clients' problems are the result of dysfunctional thinking, conflict, and stress responses. During therapy, she emphasizes the importance of taking responsibility for separating from parents, improving oneself, and expressing both positive and negative emotions honestly. Nimol, an international student from Cambodia who feels pressured by her parents to major in an area that does not interest her, is appalled by Honoria's suggestion that she tell her parents she doesn't want to major in that area. After the session, Honoria meets with her supervisor, who explains that

A) disagreeing with one's parents is not acceptable in certain other cultures in the same way it is in Western cultures.
B) individual responsibility is not a universal value.
C) therapy may be viewed as shameful by some people from non-Western cultures.
D) all of these

Question 11

Estelle works in a community outreach center with a specialized team trained to counsel survivors of domestic violence. They know that women who try to leave their batterers face a number of personal, societal, and legal barriers to safety and support. This awareness of and consideration for women's issues in a therapeutic context is referred to as

A) feminist therapy.
B) humanism.
C) eclecticism.
D) monism.

Question 12

Tom's sister has just been diagnosed with bipolar disorder. His sister is being hospitalized while a medication regimen is established to stabilize her moods. Of the following, which medication are doctors most likely to use?

A) Tofranil
B) Lithium
C) Parnate
D) all of these

Question 13

Though several classes of antidepressant drugs are available to prescribing physicians, the SSRIs are used

A) most often, because they have fewer side effects than the others.
B) least often, because they cause tardive dyskenesia.
C) least often, because dangerous interactions with certain foods can occur.
D) very rarely, because they appear to be nothing more than expensive placebos.

Question 14

Though Dr. Freeman strongly believes that pharmacological treatments can make an enormous difference in some people's lives, he is cautious about prescribing SSRIs, because a significant number of people experience _________ when they stop using them.

A) mania
B) hallucinations
C) discontinuation syndrome
D) the "poop-out" effect

Question 15

Dr. Henry Clerval is a proponent of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), though he believes it should be used in only the most extreme circumstances. Historically, ECT was applied to a wide range of disorders, but today it is used only

A) with clients who cause problems for the hospital staff.
B) in Europe.
C) with schizophrenia, particularly when positive symptoms are present.
D) in treating severe depression, especially if there is a high risk of suicide.

Question 16

In the movie, From Hell, Sir William Gull invites a group of esteemed gentlemen to observe a new surgical procedure that destroys the frontal lobes of the brain and permanently calms agitated and violent patients. While they watch a physician tap a young woman's temples and forehead with a hammer, Gull exhorts the benefits of this procedure, which is called

A) tardive dyskinesia.
B) a lobotomy.
C) eclectic therapy.
D) an HMO.

Question 17

Drs. Alice, Hatter, Hart, Gryphon, and King are arguing about which therapeutic approach is most effective with clients. They all use different approaches including psychodynamic, humanistic, rational-emotive, behavioral, and Gestalt therapies. Overhearing them, Dr. March says that research shows that widely differing therapies all have similar efficacy. Some would say Dr. March has given the group the

A) Cheshire proclamation.
B) secret message to follow the White Rabbit.
C) Caterpillar's solution.
D) dodo bird verdict.

Question 18

In an attempt to provide a more normal life for patients who are capable of living independently or with family, Dr. Nantan advocated __________; however, over the years he has seen that most communities are unprepared to care for these people, leaving them homeless and destitute and often in need of repeated hospitalizations, a phenomenon referred to as

A) deinstitutionalization; the revolving door phenomenon.
B) for managed care organizations; Tarasoff.
C) for HIPAA; the revolving door phenomenon.
D) deinstitutionalization; Tarasoff.