Deck 16: Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Hivaids, and Sexual Decisions

Question 1

An interesting historical fact about sexually transmitted diseases is that they were

A) often blamed on some outside national or ethnic group.
B) often completely treatable.
C) usually associated with excessive masturbation.
D) usually attributed to diet and poor health habits.

Answer 1

often blamed on some outside national or ethnic group.

Question 2

In earlier times, sexually transmitted diseases were called

A) female problems.
B) foreign diseases.
C) public infections.
D) venereal diseases.

Answer 2

venereal diseases.

Question 3

It has been suggested that past policymakers were ambivalent about eradicating STDs because

A) little was known about how to prevent their spread.
B) researchers wanted to study the long-term course of such diseases.
C) the threat of such diseases discouraged illicit sexual behavior.
D) their treatment provided a good income for physicians and other health professionals.

Answer 3

the threat of such diseases discouraged illicit sexual behavior.

Question 4

In recent years, the fight against STDs in the U. S. has been

A) complicated by the development of both new viral diseases and antibiotic-resistant strains of STDs.
B) largely halted by religious groups arguing for abstinence.
C) largely won, thanks to antibiotics.
D) largely won, thanks to the development of vaccines.

Question 5

STDs are associated with

A) breast and bone cancers.
B) infertility and cancers.
C) kidney disease and prostatitis.
D) tuberculosis and hepatitis.

Question 6

The incidence of STDs seems concentrated among

A) college students.
B) minority group members.
C) the recently divorced.
D) those under 25 years of age.

Question 7

Why is it difficult to gauge the true prevalence of STDs in the U. S?

A) Health officials are too embarrassed to report such data.
B) Most cases of STDs are never treated.
C) Most patients have more than one STD.
D) There are deficiencies in how statistical data are collected.

Question 8

In regard to STDs in the U S, the National Health and Social Life Survey (NHSLS) found that

A) about one person in six has had at least one STD.
B) almost no respondents admitted to having had any STDs.
C) men were more likely to have had an STD in the year prior to the survey.
D) most infected individuals continued to spread STDs.

Question 9

In regard to STDs, the NHSLS found that

A) men tended to suffer more serious physical consequences from STDs.
B) men were more likely to have had an STD than women were.
C) transmission of STDs is twice as easy from a male to a female as it is from a female to a male.
D) women with the fewest sexual partners were more likely to contract any STD.

Question 10

Which of the following is the most accurate predictor of who is likely to contract an STD?

A) General health habits
B) Level of formal education
C) Number of sex partners
D) Sexual orientation

Question 11

Rates of infection and death from AIDS are much higher than average in countries with a

A) high level of poverty
B) high proportion of gay or bisexual males
C) high rate of alcoholism
D) long history of heroin abuse

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a stage which perinatal infection with HIV can occur?

A) During breast-feeding.
B) During pregnancy.
C) During the birth process.
D) During toilet training.

Question 13

UNAIDS estimates that 40 million people worldwide are infected with HIV. About 75 percent are thought to have acquired the infection through

A) heterosexual contact.
B) intravenous drug use.
C) same-gender sexual contact.
D) unsanitary water systems.

Question 14

"Clap" and "the drip"Refer to

A) gonorrhea.
B) herpes.
C) HIV infection.
D) syphilis.

Question 15

Why are women at greater risk for gonorrhea after a single exposure than men?

A) Bacteria have a more hospitable environment in the vulva than in the male urethra.
B) Men are more careful about using condoms when having casual sex.
C) Since they use more antibiotics, women are more susceptible to new strains of gonorrhea.
D) Women are more likely to have other STDs, and this lowers their resistance.

Question 16

Among newborns, the ______ is/are especially susceptible to gonorrheal infection.

A) ears.
B) eyes.
C) mouth.
D) lungs.

Question 17

The STD that causes urethral pain and discharge among males is called

A) gonorrhea.
B) herpes.
C) HPV.
D) syphilis.

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a potential consequence of untreated gonorrhea?

A) Heart and brain maladies
B) Pelvic inflammatory disease
C) Sterility
D) Tuberculosis

Question 19

Which of the following statements about gonorrhea is NOT accurate?

A) Babies can be infected as they pass through the birth canal of an infected woman.
B) In recent years, there has been an overall decrease in the incidence of this disease.
C) Only vaginal intercourse can transmit the gonorrhea bacterium.
D) Women are much more likely to contract the disease after just one exposure.

Question 20

After unprotected sex with a new partner, Tamisha mentions to you that she experienced a yellow vaginal discharge and some irritation. This cleared up completely. As a friend, what advice might you offer Tamisha?

A) "Don't worry. Your body has fought off any infections."
B) "Go to a clinic or doctor. Gonorrhea often behaves this way."
C) "Have a pregnancy test. These are early signs of impregnation."
D) "You should be concerned about liver and kidney diseases, not STDs."

Question 21

A substantial proportion of women and men with gonorrhea are also infected with

A) chlamydia.
B) herpes.
C) scabies.
D) syphilis.

Question 22

Marty has been diagnosed with gonorrhea. In its treatment, it is vital that

A) all of his sexual partners are treated as well.
B) an enzyme-sensitive immunoassay test be used.
C) he take baths and change his underwear frequently.
D) he take several antiviral agents as well.

Question 23

Which statement most accurately describes the history of syphilis in the U. S.?

A) Beginning in 1900, it has gradually disappeared.
B) Since antibiotics became easily accessible, rates of syphilis have gradually increased.
C) Syphilis has consistently remained the most commonly reported STD.
D) In 2000, the rate of syphilis infection had dropped to the lowest rate ever recorded, but has since increased.

Question 24

The STD whose first symptom is a chancre at the site of infection is called

A) chlamydia.
B) gonorrhea.
C) herpes.
D) syphilis.

Question 25

Why would women be less likely than men to be aware of a syphilitic chancre?

A) Any pain and discomfort are likely to be interpreted as related to menstruation.
B) It is painless and often occurs on the vaginal wall or cervix.
C) They tend to be symptom-free until the tertiary stage of syphilis.
D) Women tend to be less vulnerable to syphilis.

Question 26

How is it that some syphilitic patients get to the tertiary stage without treatment?

A) After each stage, symptoms seem to disappear completely, even without attention.
B) Because infection is possible without sexual contact, many do not know they are infected.
C) Primary and secondary stage symptoms are so subtle that many do not notice them.
D) Since syphilis is so rare, many are not aware of its signs.

Question 27

A young man is admitted to the emergency room with a bumpy red rash, fever, swollen lymph nodes, hair loss, and loss of appetite. The physician might suspect

A) chlamydia.
B) herpes simplex.
C) infectious gonorrhea.
D) secondary syphilis.

Question 28

Denise asks why no one in her family will ever tell her how her grandfather died. Finally she learns that he died from a sexually transmitted disease that led to paralysis, psychosis, and blindness. Most likely, he died from

A) AIDS.
B) gonorrhea.
C) herpes.
D) syphilis.

Question 29

Syphilis that is transmitted from the mother to the fetus is called

A) congenital syphilis.
B) genetic syphilis.
C) inherited syphilis.
D) secondary syphilis.

Question 30

The traditional treatment for syphilis is

A) acyclovir.
B) AZT.
C) penicillin.
D) steroids.

Question 31

Since syphilis infection is associated with a higher risk of ___________, it is often recommended that patients who test positive for syphilis also be tested for this STD.

A) genital herpes
B) genital warts
C) HIV
D) pubic lice

Question 32

Which of the following statements about chlamydia is accurate?

A) It can be treated with penicillin.
B) It can result in blindness and pneumonia in infants.
C) It is caused by trichomoniasis bacteria.
D) Its first symptom is a chancre at the point of infection.

Question 33

Chlamydia will pose an immediate and serious health risk to which of the following individuals?

A) Anna, who was just born.
B) Ben, who is in middle school.
C) Carla, who is an attorney.
D) Duane, who is about to retire.

Question 34

Which of the following is NOT a potential consequence of chlamydia in women?

A) Breast cancer
B) Ectopic pregnancy
C) Infertility
D) PID

Question 35

Sarah and her husband-to-be go for physicals before they marry and learn that they both have an asymptomatic STD. They will both be treated with erythromycin. Most likely, they are suffering from

A) chlamydia.
B) gonorrhea.
C) herpes.
D) syphilis.

Question 36

Which of the following STDs appears only in males?

A) Chlamydia
B) HIV
C) NSU
D) PID

Question 37

Maria notices intense itching in the genital area. There is some discharge with a noticeable odor. Most likely her health care provider will diagnose this as

A) an NGU.
B) chlamydia.
C) herpes.
D) some type of vulvovaginitis.

Question 38

Flagyl and other antibiotics are commonly used to treat

A) atrophic vaginitis.
B) bacterial vaginosis.
C) gonorrhea.
D) yeast infections.

Question 39

The type of vulvovaginitis that results from an overgrowth of a fungus is called

A) a yeast infection.
B) chlamydia.
C) HPV.
D) trichomoniasis.

Question 40

Deidre is diagnosed as having an outbreak of Candida albicans. This vulvovaginitis is called

A) a yeast infection.
B) bacterial vaginosis.
C) herpes.
D) trichomoniasis.

Question 41

At the drug store, Patty purchases nystatin suppositories for an itchy vulvovaginal infection. Most likely she is suffering from

A) a yeast infection.
B) atrophic vaginitis.
C) NSU.
D) trichomoniasis.

Question 42

Which of the following vulvovaginal infections CANNOT be transmitted by sexual contacts?

A) Atrophic vaginitis
B) Bacterial vaginosis
C) Monilial vaginitis
D) Trichomoniasis

Question 43

HSV-1 usually appears as a

A) chancre.
B) cold sore.
C) soft, pinkish lesion.
D) vulvovaginitis.

Question 44

HSV-2 usually appears as

A) a cold sore.
B) a fungal infection.
C) genital lesions.
D) NSU.

Question 45

Outbreaks of genital herpes sores are associated with

A) hot weather.
B) not wearing absorbent fiber underwear.
C) NSUs.
D) stress, illness, or exhaustion.

Question 46

The genital herpes virus is particularly contagious when

A) HPV is very active.
B) it is in its first stage of itchy, painful blisters.
C) the person also has a cold sore.
D) the sores are healed completely.

Question 47

Victor is experiencing an outbreak of genital herpes. Most likely, he will be treated with

A) acyclovir.
B) AZT.
C) flagyl.
D) tetracycline.

Question 48

In the U. S., the most commonly reported viral STD is

A) gonorrhea.
B) herpes.
C) HPV.
D) syphilis.

Question 49

The presence of genital warts has been linked to

A) incidence of cancer cells in the cervix.
B) kidney infections.
C) liver infections.
D) prostate problems.

Question 50

Hepatitis B is almost always transmitted by

A) contact with contaminated wet surfaces.
B) contaminated clothing and sneezes.
C) food contaminated with fecal material.
D) sexual contact.

Question 51

Lenore has been diagnosed with pubic lice. Most likely, she will be treated with

A) acyclovir.
B) AZT.
C) Kwell.
D) tetracycline.

Question 52

A symptom of primary HIV disease is

A) Kaposi's sarcoma
B) opportunistic infections
C) swollen glands
D) thrush

Question 53

Which of the following is out of place in the progression of AIDS?

A) Full blown AIDS
B) Primary HIV disease
C) Chronic asymptomatic disease
D) Chronic symptomatic disease

Question 54

HIV and other viruses that carry their genetic code in the form of RNA are called?

A) apoptosis viruses
B) megaviruses
C) pneumoocystic viruses
D) retroviruses

Question 55

Which of the following occurs during the chronic asymptomatic disease stage of HIV?

A) A gradual immune system decline.
B) Flu-like symptoms that may include a rash.
C) Opportunistic infections.
D) Thrush

Question 56

The chronic asymptomatic phase of HIV infection is

A) a time during which an infected person may still transmit HIV to others.
B) a time during which the virus is dormant and cannot be transmitted to others.
C) almost always very brief.
D) the time during which the virus is most able to infect others

Question 57

After unprotected sex, Rhonda believes there is a possibility she was exposed to HIV and goes for an HIV test. The result is negative. She should

A) be aware that her immune system is now compromised.
B) feel safe to continue unprotected sexual activities.
C) have a second test within 6 months.
D) notify all her previous sexual partners

Question 58

As a strategy to prevent HIV infection, microbicides

A) are intended for topical application in gel or cream prior to intercourse.
B) are too costly to research and realistically develop.
C) could be taken orally or injected as a vaccine.
D) might substitute for condom use when the male is uncooperative

Question 59

What is the status of a search for a vaccine for AIDS?

A) So far, most tests of vaccines have yielded disappointing results.
B) The CDC has a preventative vaccine but not a therapeutic vaccine.
C) The genetic structure of HIV makes a vaccine impossible.
D) There are no funds available to test several promising vaccines.

Question 60

Which of the following has NOT been suggested as a way to avoid contracting an STD?

A) Considering abstinence
B) Considering sexual activities that do not involve penetration or the mingling of bodily fluids
C) Having a medical examination before you consider having sexual contact with a new partner
D) Taking responsibility for your own protection through condom use, asking questions, washing, and so on

Question 61

The majority of reported STD cases are found in people under the age of ___________.

Question 62

A painless __________ develops in the primary stage of syphilis.

Question 63

Cold sores on the mouth are usually caused by ____________.

Question 64

Of the two strains of the herpes simplex virus, ___________ usually results in lesions on the mouth but is also linked to a high percentage of genital lesions.

Question 65

Exposure of the eyes to the herpes virus may cause a severe eye infection called ___________.

Question 66

Genital warts usually do not appear on the genitals for about __________ months after exposure to an infected partner.

Question 67

HPV has been linked to the occurrence of ___________ cancer in females.

Question 68

Hepatitis B is a sexually transmitted virus that can cause ___________ infection.

Question 69

HIV destroys ________, which are a type of white blood cell that plays a major role in bringing together the body's immune defenses.

Question 70

It is now estimated that one out of every five individuals in the U. S. is infected with some form of viral STD.

Question 71

Men are more likely to experience symptoms with gonorrhea than are women.

Question 72

There is over a 50 percent chance of a woman contracting gonorrhea on a single exposure during intercourse.

Question 73

Because of low rates of infection and effective treatment methods for syphilis, the U.S. Public Health Service thought it reasonable to set the goal of eradication of syphilis infections in the country as a reasonable possibility.

Question 74

In about 70 percent of all cases of chlamydia there are no early symptoms.

Question 75

An asymptomatic person who is HIV-positive cannot transmit the virus.

Question 76

Proper treatment of some vulvovaginal infections often requires the simultaneous treatment of sexual partners.

Question 77

A new vaccine can prevent all herpes infections, and a new drug can eradicate the virus from the body of those already infected.

Question 78

HPV is the most common sexually transmitted viral disease in the U. S.

Question 79

Why were women found by the NHSLS to be more likely than men to report that they had had an STD within the previous year?

Question 80

List the signs and symptoms of tertiary stage syphilis.