Deck 21: The Furnace of Civil War,1861-1865

Question 1

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
George B.McClellan

Answer 1

Answers will vary.

Question 2

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
John Wilkes Booth

Answer 2

Answers will vary.

Question 3

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Horace Greeley

Answer 3

Answers will vary.

Question 4

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Wendell Phillips

Question 5

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
George G.Meade

Question 6

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Merrimack and Monitor

Question 7

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Thirteenth Amendment

Question 8

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Jefferson Davis

Question 9

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
A.E.Burnside

Question 10

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Ulysses S.Grant

Question 11

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Thomas J.("Stonewall")Jackson

Question 12

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Clement L.Vallandigham

Question 13

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Salmon Chase

Question 14

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Emancipation Proclamation

Question 15

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
William Tecumseh Sherman

Question 16

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Joseph ("Fighting Joe")Hooker

Question 17

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Andrew Johnson

Question 18

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
George Pickett

Question 19

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
David G.Farragut

Question 20

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Robert E.Lee

Question 21

Lincoln hoped that a Union victory at Bull Run would

A) lead to the capture of the Confederate capital at Richmond.
B) bring an end to slavery.
C) secure Washington and Baltimore from Confederate attack.
D) keep the Border states from joining the Confederacy.
E) lead Congress to provide full funding for the war.

Question 22

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Battle of Fort Henry and Fort Donelson

Question 23

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Appomattox Courthouse

Question 24

At the beginning of the Civil War,President Abraham Lincoln and northern newspapers expected that

A) the South would avoid the battlefield at all costs.
B) the conflict would incite a slave rebellion.
C) the war would be long and drawn out.
D) a quick Union military victory would show the folly of secession.
E) the Union would need to simply control the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers.

Question 25

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Reform Bill of 1867

Question 26

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Gettysburg Address

Question 27

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Sherman´s march

Question 28

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Battle of Shiloh

Question 29

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Ford's Theater

Question 30

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Congressional Committee on the Conduct of the War

Question 31

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Battle of Antietam

Question 32

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Battle of Gettysburg

Question 33

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Second Battle of Bull Run

Question 34

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
siege of Vicksburg

Question 35

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Battle of Fredericksburg

Question 36

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Peninsula Campaign

Question 37

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Union party

Question 38

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Battle of Bull Run (Manassas Junction)

Question 39

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Wilderness Campaign

Question 40

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Copperheads

Question 41

After assuming command of the Army of the Potomac,General George McClellan made the mistake of

A) attacking the Confederate armies head on.
B) relying on Lincoln's military judgment.
C) devising a questionable strategy for attacking Richmond from the sea.
D) relying too heavily on fast-moving cavalry units.
E) consistently believing that the enemy outnumbered him.

Question 42

Which was the primary base of operations for southern blockade-runners?

A) The British Bahamas
B) Cuba
C) British Bermuda
D) Canada
E) French-controlled Mexico

Question 43

The final Union war strategy depended in part on

A) guerrilla warfare.
B) proving the superiority of wooden warships.
C) limited counterattacks to make the most of the North´s smaller troop numbers.
D) seizing control of the Mississippi River.
E) an alliance with the British.

Question 44

What happened at the Seven Days´ Battles in July 1862?

A) Confederate and Union forces bogged down and fought to a standstill in the Virginia woods.
B) News of Lincoln´s Emancipation Proclamation created a flood of escaped slaves over the Union lines.
C) The momentum of the war decisively shifted in favor of the Union after this naval victory.
D) Confederate capture of key forts along the Kentucky-Tennessee border dealt a serious blow to the Union´s Border-State strategy.
E) A Confederate counterattack repelled the Union´s drive toward Richmond in the Peninsula Campaign.

Question 45

George B.McClellan,commander of the Army of the Potomac,is best described as

A) unpopular among his own men.
B) aggressive.
C) overly cautious.
D) poorly prepared for military leadership.
E) poorly organized.

Question 46

The Union's defeat in battle at Bull Run in 1861 was actually better than a victory because

A) Lincoln immediately brought Ulysses S. Grant in to command the Army of the Potomac.
B) the defeat caused Northerners to face up to the reality of a long, difficult war.
C) "Stonewall" Jackson was killed.
D) it caused Lincoln to declare a war against slavery.
E) it forced the Union to develop a strategic battle plan.

Question 47

The first battle of the Civil War in 1861 was at _____,and it was won by _____.

A) Vicksburg; the Union
B) Bull Run; the Confederacy
C) Gettysburg; the North
D) Atlanta; the South
E) Lookout Mountain; the Confederacy

Question 48

After the Peninsula Campaign,the Union´s adoption of a total-war strategy included

A) emancipating slaves in the Border States and enlisting them.
B) rudimentary biological warfare.
C) blockading the Confederacy's coastline.
D) assassinating Confederate president Jefferson Davis.
E) striking deep into the Confederacy via the Appalachian Mountain chain.

Question 49

The North's "victory" at Antietam allowed President Lincoln to

A) issue the Emancipation Proclamation.
B) demand that Britain stop aiding the Confederacy.
C) force the Border States to remain in the Union.
D) keep General McClellan as commander of the Union forces.
E) suppress Copperhead opposition in the North.

Question 50

The Emancipation Proclamation had the effect of

A) inspiring new enlistments in the Union army.
B) strengthening the moral cause and diplomatic position of the Union.
C) increasing popular support for the Republicans in the 1862 election.
D) quieting public opposition to Lincoln's war policies.
E) freeing hundreds of thousands of slaves.

Question 51

The Battle of Antietam was particularly critical because it

A) inflated an already dangerous overconfidence among Southerners.
B) ended Lee's plan of invading the North.
C) delayed Lincoln's plan to announce the Emancipation Proclamation.
D) ensured the reelection of President Lincoln.
E) prevented intervention by Britain and France on behalf of the Confederacy.

Question 52

The South's victory at Bull Run in 1861

A) created a dangerous Confederate overconfidence that it would swiftly win the war.
B) was dismissed by the North as merely a tactical defeat.
C) caused deep shock at the severe loss of Confederate soldiers.
D) paved the way for an invasion of Washington, D.C.
E) forced Lincoln to flee Washington.

Question 53

As a result of its victory in the Peninsula Campaign,the Confederacy

A) named Robert E. Lee to command the entire Southern army.
B) adopted an essentially defensive strategy.
C) forced Lincoln to delay his issuance of the Emancipation Proclamation.
D) pushed the Union to adopt a strategy of total war, including abolition of slavery.
E) forced Lincoln to abandon the war in the West.

Question 54

After defeating McClellan at the Second Battle of Bull Run,Robert E.Lee decided to

A) consolidate his forces to protect the Confederate capital.
B) send Jeb Stuart's cavalry to raid northern lines.
C) invade the Union via Maryland.
D) call for a cease fire and peace negotiations.
E) shift some of his troops to the Tennessee and Kentucky fronts.

Question 55

The most serious Confederate threat to the Union blockade came from

A) British navy vessels on loan to the South.
B) swift blockade-running clipper ships.
C) the threat of mutiny from pro-southern sailors.
D) the ironclad Virginia.
E) the ironclad Monitor.

Question 56

The historic battle between the Merrimack (Virginia)and the Monitor

A) gave the North a decisive victory.
B) signaled the end of the era of wooden warships.
C) ended in relatively insignificant victory for the South.
D) revived the issue of impressment.
E) dealt a fatal blow to the Union naval blockade.

Question 57

The two major battles of the Civil War fought on Union soil were

A) Shiloh and Chancellorsville.
B) Bull Run and Vicksburg.
C) Gettysburg and Antietam.
D) Peninsula Campaign and Fredericksburg.
E) Fort Donelson and Lookout Mountain.

Question 58

In invading Maryland,one of Lee's key objectives was to

A) show northerners how polished and well-equipped the Confederate army was.
B) capture or destroy Union arsenals and railroad lines.
C) destroy McClellan's army.
D) capture Lincoln and his Cabinet.
E) inspire the Border States to rise up and join the Confederacy.

Question 59

All slavery was legally abolished in the United States by the

A) "Confiscation Acts."
B) surrender terms of Robert E. Lee to Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox.
C) Emancipation Proclamation.
D) statutes of the individual states.
E) Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution.

Question 60

As a result of the Union defeat in the Peninsula Campaign,

A) Lincoln named George McClellan commander of the Union forces.
B) the North decided to fight a war of containment.
C) Lincoln began to draft the Emancipation Proclamation.
D) Lincoln decided that they key to the war was controlling the Mississippi River.
E) the Union commanders were left without an overall military strategy.

Question 61

The assassination of Abraham Lincoln

A) was later seen by many southerners as a calamity for the South.
B) brought a last wave of hope for Confederate independence.
C) elevated the even-tempered, eminently sensible Andrew Johnson to the presidency .
D) saved him from impending impeachment.
E) was met by relative indifference in much of the North.

Question 62

As a theorist of warfare,General William T.Sherman was

A) a master of the quick, surprising attack.
B) careful to avoid "collateral damage" to civilian lives and property.
C) a believer in siege warfare.
D) insistent on maintaining strict military discipline among his troops.
E) a pioneer of the strategy of total warfare aimed at destroying civilian morale.

Question 63

By war's end,nearly half a million slaves

A) escaped from Southern plantations.
B) fought for the Confederacy.
C) died due to Southern food shortages.
D) were sold by desperate Southern planters to slaveholders in Brazil.
E) served in the Union army.

Question 64

The Union army's success in capturing ____ was probably critical to Lincoln's reelection in 1864.

A) Gettysburg and Harrisburg
B) Richmond and Appomattox
C) Vicksburg and Port Hudson
D) Charleston and Columbia, South Carolina
E) Mobile and Atlanta

Question 65

During the Civil War,

A) blacks were enlisted by the Union army only after the Emancipation Proclamation was issued.
B) the South refused to use slave labor for military purposes.
C) blacks served in the American military for the first time.
D) about one out of every four Union troops was black.
E) captured black soldiers were treated well by Confederates.

Question 66

Ohio Congressman Clement L.Vallandigham,a Southern sympathizer and vocal opponent of the war,was the recognized leader of the

A) Carpetbaggers.
B) War Democrats.
C) Copperheads.
D) Doughfaces.
E) Butternuts.

Question 67

In the election of 1864,the Republicans joined with the prowar Democrats and founded the ____ party.

A) Federal
B) Liberty
C) Union
D) National
E) Progressive

Question 68

When it was issued in 1863,the Emancipation Proclamation declared free only those slaves in

A) the Border States.
B) conquered areas already under control of the Union army.
C) the western territories not yet admitted to statehood.
D) areas under control of the Confederate government.
E) areas controlled by the Union army.

Question 69

The back-to-back Union victories at _____ turned the tide permanently against the South by preventing foreign aid and reopening the Mississippi to Northern trade.

A) Gettysburg and Vicksburg
B) Antietam and Vicksburg
C) Fort Henry and Fort Donelson
D) Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville
E) Mobile and Atlanta

Question 70

In the l864 election,the Democratic party nominated ____ to oppose Lincoln's reelection.

A) George McClellan
B) Stephen A. Douglas
C) Andrew Johnson
D) Clement C. Vallandigham
E) Horace Greeley

Question 71

The Emancipation Proclamation resulted in

A) mounting opposition in the North to an "abolition war."
B) sharp increases in Union enlistments.
C) large congressional gains for the Republicans.
D) growing upper-class European support for the Union.
E) increasing complaints from abolitionists that it was poorly drafted and would not stand up to legal scrutiny.

Question 72

In the Civil War,more than _____ men died,a loss of _____ of the entire nation's population.

A) 100,000; 0.5 percent
B) 500,000; 3 percent
C) 250,000; 1 percent
D) 1,000,000; 5 percent
E) 600,000; 2 percent

Question 73

One of the greatest changes wrought by the Civil War was

A) the granting of full citizenship and complete equality to African Americans.
B) the mobilization for the first time of African Americans in the military.
C) the strengthening of states' rights.
D) the end of slavery.
E) the economic transformation of the South into an industrial powerhouse.

Question 74

Robert E.Lee decided to invade the North through Pennsylvania in order to

A) strengthen the Northern peace movement and encourage foreign intervention.
B) force the Union to abandon its blockade of the South.
C) outflank the Army of the Potomac and attack it from the rear.
D) stir northern draft resisters to rise in revolt.
E) seize Philadelphia and Pittsburgh.

Question 75

President Lincoln was assassinated

A) only five days after the Confederacy´s surrender.
B) by an enraged Copperhead.
C) on the first anniversary of the South´s surrender.
D) on a tour of Fort Sumter.
E) while visiting with emancipated slaves.

Question 76

What was one of the reasons that the Union victory at Vicksburg was of major importance?

A) It reopened the Ohio River to Northern trade.
B) It began to deflate the South's overconfidence.
C) It showed the strategic importance of ironclad warships.
D) It cut off the supply of cattle and other goods from Texas and Louisiana to the main Confederate forces.
E) It showed the genius of General George McClellan's wait-and-see approach.

Question 77

The Battle of Gettysburg was especially significant because

A) Lee's army was effectively shattered.
B) it guaranteed Lincoln's re-election in 1864.
C) Philadelphia and New York were safe from attack.
D) Lee's military genius and right-hand man, Stonewall Jackson, was killed.
E) Union victory meant that the Southern military cause was doomed.

Question 78

After replacing his top generals several times,Lincoln finally found an effective commander in

A) Thomas J. Jackson
B) George B. McClellan.
C) George G. Meade.
D) Robert E. Lee.
E) Ulysses S. Grant.

Question 79

African Americans who fought for the Union Army in the Civil War

A) carried out reprisals against captured slaveowners.
B) served mainly in military support units.
C) served bravely and suffered extremely heavy casualties.
D) accounted for less than 1 percent of total Union enlistments.
E) refused to serve under white officers.

Question 80

The final,bloody showdown between Generals Grant and Lee lasted for several months in the

A) War of the West.
B) Peninsula Campaign.
C) Wilderness Campaign.
D) Mississippi Campaign.
E) siege of Richmond.