Deck 5: Colonial Society on the Eve of Revolution,1700-1775

Question 1

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
triangular trade

Answer 1

Answers will vary.

Question 2

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Great Awakening

Answer 2

Answers will vary.

Question 3

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Charles Willson Peale

Answer 3

Answers will vary.

Question 4

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Pennsylvania Dutch

Question 5

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Lord Cornbury

Question 6

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
George Whitefield

Question 7

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Jonathan Edwards

Question 8

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Benjamin Franklin

Question 9

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Molasses Act

Question 10

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
new lights

Question 11

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
"praying towns"

Question 12

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Phillis Wheatley

Question 13

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
John Trumbull

Question 14

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
John Singleton Copley

Question 15

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
"established" churches

Question 16

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
"jayle birds"

Question 17

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
John Peter Zenger

Question 18

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Scots-Irish

Question 19

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Poor Richard's Almanack

Question 20

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Andrew Hamilton

Question 21

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
tenant farmers

Question 22

About ____ percent of the American colonists in 1775 lived in rural areas.

A) 50
B) 70
C) 90
D) 40
E) 80

Question 23

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Gullah

Question 24

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
old lights

Question 25

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
taverns

Question 26

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
ringshout

Question 27

The average age of the American colonists in 1775 was about

A) 25.
B) 30.
C) 40.
D) 20.
E) 16.

Question 28

As a result of the rapid population growth in colonial America during the eighteenth century,

A) the balance of power between the colonies and the mother country shifted.
B) the British government was pleased that more workers would be available to fill an increasing need for laborers in Britain.
C) the need for slave labor declined.
D) the rate of immigration from Europe slowed.
E) the British government granted greater autonomy to colonial governments.

Question 29

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Yankee seamen

Question 30

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Zenger trial

Question 31

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
proprietary colonies

Question 32

Identify the statement that is FALSE.

A) The population of the thirteen colonies, mainly Anglo-Saxon, was the least ethnically mixed to be found anywhere in the world.
B) The South, holding about 90 percent of the slaves, displayed its historic black-and-white racial composition.
C) New England, mostly staked out by the original Puritan migrants, showed the least ethnic diversity.
D) The Middle Colonies received the bulk of later white immigrants and boasted the most variety of people.
E) In 1775, outside of New England, about one-half the population was non-English.

Question 33

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
South Carolina slave revolt

Question 34

Which of the following was NOT one of colonial America's cities in 1775?

A) New York
B) Charlestown
C) Philadelphia
D) Boston
E) Buffalo

Question 35

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
New York slave revolt

Question 36

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
lotteries

Question 37

One outstanding feature common to all of the eventually rebellious colonies was their

A) relatively equal wealth.
B) economic organization.
C) similar social structures.
D) rapidly growing populations.
E) support of religious freedom.

Question 38

The population growth of the American colonies by 1775 is attributed mostly to

A) immigration from Europe.
B) the natural fertility of Native Americans.
C) the importation of slaves from Africa.
D) the anti-birth control teachings of colonial churches.
E) the natural fertility of all Americans.

Question 39

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
royal colonies

Question 40

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
power of the purse

Question 41

Colonists throughout the eighteenth century universally enjoyed many amusements.What was NOT of these?

A) Militia musters.
B) Weddings and funerals.
C) Christmas celebrations.
D) Winter sports in the North; cockfighting, hunting and horse racing in the South.
E) Thanksgiving festivities.

Question 42

Which statement describes a distinguishing feature of royal colonies as compared to proprietary colonies?

A) The upper house of the colonial legislature was appointed by the crown in royal colonies and by proprietors in proprietary colonies.
B) The governors of proprietary colonies were popularly elected while governors of royal colonies were appointed by the king.
C) Unlike royal colonies, proprietary colonies were always running into trouble with the English king, who did not like their relative freedom from royal control.
D) Unlike in proprietary colonies, in royal colonies, the legislatures were obedient and accepted British oversight without question.
E) In proprietary colonies, business owners were exempted from all taxes, whereas in royal colonies, the king taxed business transactions heavily.

Question 43

What prompted some colonial legislatures,most notably South Carolina´s in 1760,to seek an end to the importation of slaves?

A) Lack of profit
B) Fear of competition from the northern colonies
C) Concern over the gender imbalance of the slave population
D) Worry about diseases being brought into slave communities by newly imported Africans
E) Fear of slave rebellion

Question 44

In the mid-1700s,the number of poor people in the American colonies

A) became greater than in all of Europe.
B) had increased to the point of overpopulation.
C) had begun to decline from seventeenth-century levels.
D) remained tiny compared with the number in Britain.
E) was about one-third of the population.

Question 45

By 1775,____ were the largest non-English ethnic group in colonial America.

A) Africans
B) Germans
C) West Indians
D) Scots-Irish
E) French

Question 46

What was the progression of the slave trade in the American colonies over the course of the 1700s?

A) Slave imports to the Chesapeake increased, as tobacco markets flourished, while the slave trade plummeted in South Carolina.
B) The slave trade became an important economic activity throughout the colonies.
C) In the Chesapeake, the slave trade became less important as the slave population increased naturally, while Deep South planters remained dependent on the slave trade.
D) Slave traders shifted their focus to importing female slaves, to better balance the slave population.
E) The slave trade withered away because it had become unprofitable.

Question 47

What is LEAST characteristic of the Scots-Irish?

A) Fiercely independent
B) The pioneer settlers of the Appalachian frontier regions, where they continued their tradition of whiskey distilling
C) Generally Presbyterian
D) Originally from the Lowlands of Scotland
E) Great defenders of Indian rights

Question 48

Up to the time of the American Revolution,lawyers were generally regarded as

A) valued defenders of colonial liberties.
B) windbags and troublemakers.
C) useful primarily for settling disputes over land.
D) tools of the British government.
E) too narrowly educated by elite colleges.

Question 49

The triangular trade of the colonial American shipping industry

A) was not that profitable.
B) involved trade among New England, Spain, and Latin America.
C) involved the trading of wheat for clothing and clothing for slaves.
D) saw the Spanish gaining the largest profits.
E) involved the trading of rum for African slaves and slaves for molasses.

Question 50

Which statement about German immigrants in 1775 is FALSE?

A) They constituted about 6 percent of the total population.
B) They fled from religious persecution, economic oppression, and the ravages of war.
C) In the early 1700s, they had settled chiefly in Pennsylvania.
D) Most belonged to the Catholic Church.
E) They belonged to several different Protestant groups ── primarily Lutheran.

Question 51

The population of the thirteen American colonies was

A) about evenly divided among Anglo-Saxons, French, Scots-Irish, and Germans.
B) perhaps the most diverse in the world, although it remained predominantly Anglo-Saxon.
C) about one-half non-English.
D) most ethnically mixed in New England.
E) largely German and African American in the South.

Question 52

On the eve of the American Revolution,social and economic mobility decreased for several reasons.What is NOT one of these reasons?

A) Earlier wars made Northern merchants rich and created a class of widows and orphans.
B) The supply of unclaimed land in New England began to diminish.
C) As average farm size shrank in New England, farmers' sons and daughters were forced to hire out as wage laborers.
D) The average size of New England farms increased dramatically.
E) Slavery concentrated wealth in a few wealthy planters' hands.

Question 53

The riches created by the growing slave population in the American South

A) were distributed evenly among whites.
B) helped to narrow the gap between rich and poor.
C) created a serious problem with inflation.
D) were concentrated in the hands of the largest planters.
E) enabled many poor whites to escape tenant farming.

Question 54

Several conditions caused many Scots to migrate to Northern Ireland and then to America.What is NOT one of these conditions?

A) The poor quality of farmland in Scotland
B) The spread of commercial farming
C) Extremely high rent increases
D) Persecution for their Catholic religion
E) Paying taxes to support the Anglican church

Question 55

Which group was NOT part of the non-English white colonial population?

A) French Huguenots
B) Germans who became known as Pennsylvania Dutch
C) Welsh
D) Italians
E) Jews

Question 56

The most honored profession in early colonial society was

A) medicine.
B) law.
C) the ministry.
D) farming.
E) business.

Question 57

The most important economic enterprise in the American colonies was

A) fishing.
B) manufacturing.
C) commerce.
D) agriculture.
E) slave trading.

Question 58

How did Native Americans contribute to a new multicultural American identity?

A) As the remnants of devastated and displaced tribes mingled, polyglot Native American communities emerged that blurred individual tribal boundaries.
B) Indian villages offered a model to European settlers of multicultural peace and harmony.
C) Native American views of nature influenced Europeans colonists and provided common ground for white colonists to unite in respect for the land and its resources.
D) Native Americans intermarried and integrated with African peoples throughout the colonies, creating a hybrid American culture.
E) Native Americans and Scot-Irish intermingled on the Appalachian frontier of white settlement, creating a new and distinct American regional culture.

Question 59

The prevalent Scots-Irish attitude toward government was that they

A) showed remarkable willingness to follow authority.
B) displayed great loyalty to Britain.
C) cherished no love for the British or any other government.
D) liked colonial American assemblies better than the British Parliament.
E) identified with American Indians' tribal way of life.

Question 60

The attempt of some colonial legislatures to end the African slave trade was blocked by

A) a coalition of slave owners.
B) South Carolina.
C) the British authorities.
D) poor whites.
E) New England slave trading interests.

Question 61

The Great Awakening

A) undermined the prestige of the learned clergy in the colonies.
B) split colonial churches into several competing denominations.
C) led to the founding of Princeton, Dartmouth, and Rutgers colleges.
D) was the first spontaneous mass movement of the American people.
E) focused much energy on the evils of slavery.

Question 62

How did American merchants respond to the Molasses Act of 1733?

A) They gave up on trade with any nation other than Britain, as a show of obedience to the crown.
B) They withheld their exports to Britain in protest, foreshadowing the rebellion to come.
C) They took the opportunity it afforded them to sell more molasses to the French West Indies.
D) They used bribery and smuggling to get around the law.
E) They used the subsidies it provided to invest in sugar growing in the Deep South.

Question 63

Jonathan Edwards's theology and preaching emphasized

A) the need for greater religious toleration.
B) that good works could get you into heaven.
C) that reason and intellect were opposed to religion.
D) that emotion had no place in religion.
E) righteousness and complete dependence on God's grace.

Question 64

How did colonial American views on education change with time?

A) American colonists came to embrace education as essential training for citizenship.
B) It became increasingly important to Americans that their best and brightest attend the leading English universities at Oxford and Cambridge.
C) American colonists moved away from the English view that education should be reserved for an aristocratic few.
D) Americans came to see education as unimportant beyond primary school.
E) Southern colonists inspired the other regions in establishing a broad system of public education.

Question 65

The major manufacturing enterprise in colonial America in the eighteenth century was

A) iron making.
B) arms and munitions production.
C) lumbering.
D) rum distilling.
E) textiles.

Question 66

As the Revolution approached,Presbyterian and Congregational ministers,unlike Anglican clergy,generally

A) remained neutral.
B) supported rebellions against the Crown.
C) sided with the Anglican clergymen.
D) opposed the idea of revolution.
E) split on the issue of independence.

Question 67

Transportation in colonial America was

A) surprisingly fast for the time.
B) safer by road than by any other means.
C) slow by any of the means available.
D) enhanced by the introduction of the Pony Express.
E) most hazardous on the waterways.

Question 68

Although manufacturing in the colonies was of only secondary importance,colonists did produce

A) rum.
B) beaver hats.
C) lumber.
D) iron.
E) tea.

Question 69

How successful were British authorities in extending the official reach of the Church of England to the eighteenth-century colonies?

A) Colonists in the South were largely Catholic and resented any increase in Anglican presence, but failed in opposing British action.
B) Colonists welcomed any strengthening of the widely beloved Anglican religion in the American context.
C) Colonists were indifferent to matters of government and religion, so British officials enjoyed a free hand in increasing Anglican authority.
D) Colonists in New England had grown weary of their domination by Congregationalist ministers and accepted stronger Anglican support.
E) Colonists outside the South were suspicious and resentful of British schemes to increase Anglican authority and successfully opposed them.

Question 70

Most colonial schools and colleges emphasized

A) mathematics and natural sciences.
B) practical subjects like agriculture and forestry.
C) modern languages.
D) history and philosophy.
E) religion and classical languages.

Question 71

In colonial America,education was most zealously promoted

A) in the South.
B) in New England.
C) on the frontier.
D) in the middle colonies.
E) in those areas controlled by Spain.

Question 72

In 1775,the ____ churches were the only two established (tax-supported)churches in colonial America.

A) Methodist and Anglican
B) Presbyterian and Congregational
C) Congregational and Anglican
D) Quaker and Catholic
E) Presbyterian and Anglican

Question 73

Which of the following strained the relationship between the colonies and Britain?

A) British demand to halt the importation of slaves
B) Growing desire of Americans to trade with other nations in addition to Britain
C) Lack of any British regulations regarding trade with foreign nations
D) Strict British enforcement of the Molasses Act
E) Americans' unwillingness to trade with the French West Indies

Question 74

What distinguished slavery in the northern colonies in the eighteenth century?

A) It existed on a much smaller scale.
B) It did not exist at all.
C) It was an important part of the economy in New England, where most slaves worked in large gangs on plantations.
D) Slaves were forbidden from engaging in any activity besides agriculture.
E) Fear of slave rebellion led to several colonies banning the slave trade.

Question 75

Match each denomination on the left with the region where it predominated.

A) A-2, B-3, C-l
B) A-2, B-1, C-3
C) A-1, B-3, C-2
D) A-3, B-2, C-1
E) A-3, B-1, C-2

Question 76

The "new light" preachers of the Great Awakening

A) delivered intensely emotional sermons.
B) rarely addressed themselves to the matter of individual salvation.
C) reinforced the established churches.
D) were ultimately unsuccessful in arousing the religious enthusiasm of colonial Americans.
E) emphasized the necessity of an educated clergy.

Question 77

Match each individual on the left with his or her profession.

A) A-2, B-1, C-3
B) A-1, B-3, C-2
C) A-3, B-2, C-1
D) A-1, B-2, C-3
E) A-2, B-3, C-1

Question 78

How had religion changed in the colonies by the early 1700s?

A) Religious intolerance and devotion had both grown as the population expanded.
B) The growing population had become increasingly secular, abandoning religious worship in droves.
C) Puritanism had expanded beyond its New England base to dominate throughout the colonies.
D) Toleration had increased but religion was less fervid.
E) Religion had become increasingly yoked to the interests of slaveowners.

Question 79

The British Parliament passed the Molasses Act in 1733 to

A) stimulate the colonies' "triangle trade" with Africa and the West Indies.
B) satisfy colonial demands for earning foreign exchange money.
C) inhibit colonial trade with the French West Indies.
D) increase the colonists' standard of living and protect the livelihood of colonial merchants.
E) require Americans to sell their molasses to the British.

Question 80

What is NOT a characteristic of Colonial American taverns?

A) Frequented mainly by the lower class
B) Cradles of democracy
C) Hotbeds of agitation for the revolutionary movement
D) Centers for crystallizing public opinion
E) Places of amusement and gossip