Deck 13: America in World War II 1941–1945

Question 1

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
​"Issei" and "Nissei"

Answer 1

Answers will vary. ​

Question 2

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
​Executive Order No. 9066

Answer 2

Answers will vary. ​

Question 3

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Albert Einstein

Answer 3

Answers will vary. ​

Question 4

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Harry S Truman

Question 5

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Henry A. Wallace

Question 6

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
George S. Patton

Question 7

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
​ABC-1 agreement

Question 8

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-shek)

Question 9

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Henry Stimson

Question 10

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Joseph Stalin

Question 11

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Dwight D. Eisenhower

Question 12

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
A. Philip Randolph

Question 13

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
​J. Robert Oppenheimer

Question 14

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Douglas MacArthur

Question 15

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Erwin Rommel

Question 16

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Thomas E. Dewey

Question 17

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Korematsu v. United States

Question 18

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
​Winston Churchill

Question 19

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Chester W. Nimitz

Question 20

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
War Production Board

Question 21

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
island-hopping strategy

Question 22

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
​National War Labor Board

Question 23

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Navajo "code talkers"

Question 24

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
​SPARs (U.S. Coast Guard Women's Reserve)

Question 25

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
WACs (Women's Army Corps)

Question 26

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)

Question 27

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
D-Day

Question 28

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
braceros

Question 29

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)

Question 30

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Casablanca Conference

Question 31

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
second front

Question 32

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Tehran Conference

Question 33

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Fair Employment Practices Commission (FEPC)

Question 34

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Battle of Midway

Question 35

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Office of Price Administration

Question 36

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
flying "over the hump"

Question 37

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
"Rosie the Riveter"

Question 38

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Bataan Death March

Question 39

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
WAVES (Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service)

Question 40

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Guadalcanal Island

Question 41

Despite the demands of the wartime economy, inflation was kept well in check during the war by

A) directing production to whatever goods were in most demand.
B) prosecuting war profiteers and black marketers who tried to earn windfall profits.
C) voluntary wage and price controls agreed to by business and organized labor.
D) sharply constricting the flow of credit from the Federal Reserve Board.
E) federally imposed mandatory wage and price controls.

Question 42

After the United States entered World War II in 1941, the term " alien 4-C" referred to

A) Japanese living in the U.S.
B) Italians living in the U.S.
C) Germans living in the U.S.
D) All of these choices are correct.
E) None of these choices are correct.

Question 43

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Battle of the Bulge

Question 44

The impact of World War II on many of the New Deal programs launched during the Great Depression was that they

A) were expanded to gear up for wartime production.
B) were discontinued due to wartime production needs.
C) provided much-needed jobs for the poor.
D) became an established fixture of U.S. government programs.
E) None of these

Question 45

All of the following are true statements about the effect of Executive Order No. 9066 on Japanese living in the U.S. except

A) they were put in internment camps.
B) they were victims of anti-Japanese prejudice.
C) they lost hundreds of millions of dollars in property and lost wages.
D) The U.S. Supreme Court declared the Japanese relocation unconstitutional.
E) The U.S. government officially apologized four decades later and gave each camp survivor $20,000.

Question 46

Once at war, America's first great challenge was to

A) pass a conscription law.
B) maintain public support and patriotism for the war effort.
C) extend aid to the Soviet Union.
D) develop atomic weapons.
E) retool its industry for all-out war production.

Question 47

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Battle of Okinawa

Question 48

The minority group most adversely affected by Washington's wartime policies was

A) German Americans.
B) blacks.
C) Japanese Americans.
D) American communists.
E) Italian Americans.

Question 49

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
​V-J (Victory in Japan) Day

Question 50

When the United States entered World War II in December 1941

A) ​it took nearly two years for the country to unite.
B) ​the conflict soon became an idealistic crusade for democracy.
C) ​the government repudiated the Atlantic Charter.
D) ​a majority of Americans had no clear idea of what the war was about.
E) ​the idea of allying with the Communist Soviet Union against Nazi Germany was repugnant and unacceptable?to most Americans.

Question 51

The fundamental strategic decision of World War II made by President Roosevelt and the British at the very beginning of the war was to

A) plan for a second front in Western Europe as soon as possible.
B) force Italy out of the war first by attacking the soft underbelly of Europe.
C) arouse the American people to an idealistic crusade of the same sort that Woodrow Wilson had so effectively used in World War I.
D) concentrate first on the war in Europe and to place the Pacific war against Japan on the back burner.
E) fight an equally vigorous naval war against Japan and a land war against Germany and Italy.

Question 52

During World War II, the United States government commissioned the production of synthetic ____ in order to offset the loss of access to prewar supplies in East Asia.

A) textiles
B) rubber
C) tin
D) fuels
E) bauxite

Question 53

Match each of the wartime agencies below with its correct function:
A.War Production Board
B.Office of Price Administration
C.National War Labor Board
D.Fair Employment Practices Commission
1)Assigned priorities with respect to the use of raw materials and transportation facilities
2)Controlled inflation by rationing essential goods
3)Imposed ceilings on wage increases
4)Saw to it that no hiring discrimination practices were used against blacks seeking employment in war industries

A) A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1
B) A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
C) A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1
D) A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4
E) A-4, B-1, C-2, D-3

Question 54

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Manhattan Project

Question 55

Overall, most ethnic groups in the United States during World War II

A) experienced a speeding up of their assimilation into American society.
B) were not allowed to serve in the military.
C) had their patriotism questioned as in World War I.
D) cast their vote for Republican candidates opposed to the war.
E) served in ethnically distinct military units.

Question 56

In sharp contrast to World War I, during World War II, Americans were

A) ready to use conscription if necessary to raise an army.
B) forced to sacrifice civilian economic well-being for the military effort.
C) weakened by constant isolationist criticism of the war effort.
D) nearly unanimous in support of the war.
E) actually invaded by enemy forces.

Question 57

Japanese Americans were placed in concentration camps during World War II

A) due to numerous acts of sabotage.
B) in retaliation for the placement of Americans in concentration camps by the Japanese.
C) as a result of anti-Japanese prejudice and fear.
D) because many were loyal to Japan.
E) All of these

Question 58

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Potsdam Conference

Question 59

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
kamikazes

Question 60

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
​V-E (Victory in Europe) Day

Question 61

Hitler's advance in the European theater of war crested in late 1942 at the Battle of ____, after which his fortunes gradually declined.

A) the Bulge
B) Stalingrad
C) Monte Cassino
D) Britain
E) El Alamein

Question 62

The northward migration of African Americans accelerated after World War II because

A) the southern system of sharecropping was declared illegal.
B) Latinos had replaced blacks in the workforce.
C) mechanical cotton pickers came into use.
D) northern cities repealed segregation laws.
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 63

By the end of World War II, the heart of the United States' African American community had shifted to

A) Florida and the Carolinas.
B) southern cities.
C) Texas and New Mexico.
D) Midwestern small towns.
E) northern and western cities.

Question 64

The first naval battle in history in which all the fighting was done by carrier-based aircraft was the Battle of

A) Leyte Gulf.
B) the Java Sea.
C) the Coral Sea.
D) Midway.
E) Guadalcanal.

Question 65

The greatest consequence of World War II for American race relations was

A) the tensions in wartime factories between blacks and whites.
B) the wartime integration of the armed forces.
C) African Americans' experience of more positive European racial attitudes.
D) the massive migration of African Americans from the rural South to northern and western cities.
E) the Atlantic Charter declaring that the war was being fought for democracy and freedom.

Question 66

Most of the money raised to finance World War II came through

A) tariff collections.
B) excise taxes on luxury goods.
C) raising income taxes.
D) voluntary contributions.
E) borrowing.

Question 67

During World War II, American Indians

A) demanded that President Roosevelt end discrimination in defense industries.
B) rarely enlisted in the armed forces.
C) moved south to replace African American laborers.
D) moved off reservations in large numbers.
E) promoted recovery of tribal languages.

Question 68

The national debt increased most during

A) Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal.
B) Herbert Hoover's administration.
C) World War II.
D) World War I.
E) the 1920s.

Question 69

One of the significant contributions of Native Americans to the war effort was

A) as industrial factory workers producing war materials.
B) as code talkers who transmitted war messages into their native languages.
C) as arms experts who consulted with generals and military planners.
D) as farmers who helped expand crop output for soldiers on the front.
E) as espionage agents based in California spying on Japanese Americans.

Question 70

Roosevelt's and Churchill's insistence on the absolute and "unconditional surrender" of Germany

A) guaranteed that Germany would have to be totally reconstructed after the war.
B) had no effect on the strategic calculations made in the war planning efforts of the Allies.
C) was largely unacceptable to the Soviets, who hoped to encourage a communist revolution inside Germany.
D) may have prevented a "separate peace" between Hitler and Stalin.
E) encouraged anti-Hitler resisters in Germany to try to overthrow the Nazis.

Question 71

The American conquest of ____ in 1944 was especially critical, because from there, U.S. aircraft could conduct round-trip bombing raids on the Japanese home islands.

A) Saipan
B) Wake Island
C) New Guinea
D) Okinawa
E) ​Marianas including Guam

Question 72

African Americans did all of the following during World War II except

A) fight in integrated combat units.
B) rally behind the slogan "Double V" (victory over dictators abroad and racism at home).
C) move north and west in large numbers.
D) form a militant organization called the Congress of Racial Equality.
E) serve in the Army Air Corps.

Question 73

About half of the women war workers said that the main reason they left the labor force at the end of World War II was

A) union demands.
B) employer demands that they quit because of inferior work efficiency and output.
C) male discrimination on the job.
D) government requirements to hire veterans under the GI Bill of Rights.
E) family obligations.

Question 74

The employment of more than six million women in American industry during World War II led to

A) equal pay for men and women.
B) a greater percentage of American women in war industries than anywhere else in the world.
C) the establishment of day-care centers by the government.
D) a reduction in employment for black males.
E) a strong desire of most women to work for wages.

Question 75

Until spring 1943, perhaps Hitler's greatest opportunities of defeating Britain and winning the war was

A) the possibility of a successful invasion across the English Channel.
B) that German U-boat would destroy Allied shipping.
C) the German V-2 rockets fired into Britain that would cause their terrified civilian population to demand Prime Minister Churchill to surrender to Nazi Germany.
D) that General Rommel would conquer Egypt and the Suez Canal.
E) that the American-British-Soviet alliance would collapse.

Question 76

Historians look to the fact that many women wanted to keep work and did after the war as

A) foreshadowing the eventual revolution in women's roles in America.
B) helping to expand the nation's economy.
C) fueling the rise of home-buying across America.
D) facilitating the increasing divorce rate.
E) None of these choices are correct.

Question 77

In waging war against Japan, the United States relied mainly on a strategy of

A) heavy bombing from Chinese air bases.
B) invading Japanese strongholds in Southeast Asia.
C) fortifying China by transporting supplies from India over the Himalayan hump.
D) island hopping across the South Pacific while bypassing Japanese strongholds.
E) turning the Japanese flanks in New Guinea and Alaska.

Question 78

During World War II, most Americans economically experienced

A) serious hardships due to rationing of essential goods.
B) prosperity and a doubling of personal income.
C) a continuing struggle to find employment.
D) growing class conflict between the wealthy and the working class.
E) prosperity in the cities but disastrous conditions on farms and in small towns.

Question 79

The Allies postponed opening a second front in Europe until 1944 because

A) they wanted to wait until Germany and the Soviet Union had badly bloodied each other.
B) the Soviet Union seemed poised to finish off Nazi Germany after its counteroffensive following the Battle of Stalingrad.
C) the Soviet Union requested a delay until they could coordinate attacks on the eastern and western fronts.
D) they believed that North Africa was more strategically vital.
E) the British were fearful of becoming bogged down in a ground war in France.

Question 80

While most American workers were strongly committed to the war effort, wartime production was disrupted by strikes led by the

A) Teamsters.
B) United Steel Workers.
C) Longshoremen's International Union.
D) United Mine Workers.
E) United Auto Workers.