Deck 12: Antiinfective Medications

Question 1

Special hand hygiene techniques and care of clothing,bedding,and bathroom facilities must be taught to patients with which of the following conditions?

A) Parasites
B) Helminthiasis
C) Amebiasis
D) Malaria

Answer 1

Helminthiasis

Question 2

Which of the following terms refers to an antibiotic with a high degree of activity against many different organisms?

A) Antimicrobial
B) Antimycotic
C) Broad-spectrum
D) Bacteriostatic

Answer 2

Broad-spectrum

Question 3

Broad-spectrum antibiotics include which of the following?

A) Tetracycline,erythromycin,and aminoglycosides
B) Streptomycin,rifampin,and isoniazid
C) Nystatin,griseofulvin,and ketoconazole
D) Quinacrine,mebendazole,and pyrantel

Answer 3

Tetracycline,erythromycin,and aminoglycosides

Question 4

Treatment for active tuberculosis includes which of the following?

A) Long-term treatment with more than one drug
B) The need to develop drug-resistant organisms
C) Chemoprophylaxis with bacteriostatic medications
D) Chemotherapy in patients at high risk for developing infection

Question 5

Penicillin is the drug of choice in the treatment of which of the following infections?

A) Urinary tract infections caused by Escherichia coli
B) Otitis media caused by Haemophilus
C) Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci
D) Group B staphylococci

Question 6

A sulfonamide,Bactrim,is ordered for a patient with a urinary tract infection.The nurse would teach the patient to do which of the following while taking this medication?

A) Drink large amounts of water with this medication.
B) Take the medication on a full stomach.
C) Take the medication at night before going to bed.
D) Drink milk when taking the medication.

Question 7

The nurse is teaching a patient about possible side effects when taking minocycline,a broad-spectrum antibiotic.Which of the following is the most common side effect with this drug?

A) Salty taste in the mouth
B) Feeling of vertigo
C) Edema in the feet and legs
D) Ringing in the ears

Question 8

Patients should not be given sulfonamides if they have a history of sensitivity to which of the following?

A) Antihypertensive medications
B) Thiazide diuretics
C) Cold preparations containing acetaminophen
D) Insulin

Question 9

Aminoglycosides are used for broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy and have a narrow therapeutic range.The highest therapeutic blood range is determined at the _____ of the blood level.

A) Peak
B) Trough
C) Weight
D) Dilution

Question 10

Medications for malaria may be given in which of the following situations?

A) Prophylactically when people travel to areas in which malaria is common
B) Prophylactically when people return from malaria-infested areas
C) For treatment of malaria once the acute illness is over
D) Prophylactically in acute cases of malaria

Question 11

Pathogenic organisms come in a variety of different forms.Each infection must be carefully evaluated to determine the specific causative organism and the therapy that will be most effective against it.This is usually done by which of the following means?

A) Stool examination
B) Scraping of lesions
C) Incubation of discharge from lesions
D) Culture and sensitivity studies

Question 12

A medication that interferes with an important life process of a bacterial organism,making it weaker or incapable of reproducing,is considered to be which of the following?

A) Pathogenic
B) Bacteriostatic
C) Bactericidal
D) Microbial

Question 13

Which of the following should be true of any antibiotic used to treat an infection caused by a penicillinase-producing organism?

A) It should be acid stable.
B) It should be an extended-spectrum antibiotic.
C) It should be penicillinase resistant.
D) It should be a narrow-spectrum antibiotic.

Question 14

Common penicillin products include which of the following?

A) Amoxicillin,streptomycin,and lincomycin
B) Nystatin,bacitracin,and cloxacillin
C) Erythromycin,cefaclor,and sulfadiazine
D) Cloxacillin,ampicillin,and nafcillin

Question 15

A young woman comes into the clinic with a respiratory infection.Because she has a fever of 101.6° F,the physician starts her on ampicillin 250 mg PO q6h.The patient has a history of being on birth control pills.Which of the following represents what a nurse should teach the patient about oral contraceptives with the use of antibiotics?

A) Penicillin will increase the effects of the birth control pill.
B) Use a backup method for birth control protection this month.
C) You will have a regular menstrual period;continue to take your birth control pill.
D) Birth control pills work with antibiotics if you take an antacid with them.

Question 16

Which of the following is true of antibiotics?

A) They are never used in viral,parasitic,or fungal infections.
B) They are rarely used in viral,parasitic,or fungal infections.
C) They are used in viral,parasitic,or fungal infections if a secondary bacterial infection develops.
D) They are used in superinfections caused by yeast.

Question 17

A patient has a history of kidney stones.He is being treated for a bladder infection with a sulfonamide drug.It is important that the nurse teaches this patient to do which of the following?

A) Eat green,leafy vegetables and drink 8 oz of cranberry juice at each meal.
B) Eat lean proteins and drink 8 oz of milk at each meal.
C) Get regular exercise and lots of sunlight daily.
D) Get regular exercise and adequate fluids daily.

Question 18

Which of the following patients are at highest risk for developing tuberculosis?

A) All children up to the age of 7 years
B) Individuals whose skin tests have become positive in the last 2 years
C) All children exposed to sunlight between noon and 6:30 PM
D) Individuals with debilitating diseases such as asthma,hypertension,and ulcers

Question 19

Which of the following are the most common adverse reactions to antiinfective medications?

A) Yeast infections,vaginal itching,and thrush
B) Superinfections,organ toxicity,and hypersensitivity
C) Ototoxicity,nephrotoxicity,and hepatotoxicity
D) Allergy,anaphylaxis,and cross-sensitivity

Question 20

The LPN/LVN giving primaquine must know this medication is used to treat which of the following conditions?

A) Pneumonia
B) Cardiac disease
C) Edema of the legs
D) Malaria

Question 21

A patient was ordered a cephalosporin medication as a broad-spectrum antibiotic for a severe infection.The nurse knows that which of the following is an important factor about this medication?

A) It is not effective after penicillin use.
B) It is more effective on gram-positive organisms.
C) It should not be used by those allergic to penicillin.
D) It is less effective in resistant organisms.

Question 22

An adult patient has a moderately severe infection and has been started on an antibiotic.The physician orders penicillin V potassium by mouth.Which of the following doses would the nurse expect the physician to prescribe?

A) 15 to 50 mg 4 times daily
B) 150 to 170 mg q6h
C) 250 to 500 mg 4 times daily
D) 1000 to 1500 mg 4 times daily

Question 23

A patient was placed on an antitubercular drug because he tested positive for the infection more than three times.The patient tells the nurse that the drug will completely kill the bacteria.The nurse's proper response would be which of the following?

A) "Yes,you are correct.That is the action of the medication."
B) "No,the medication only controls the bacteria."
C) "Yes,the medication covers the bacteria's cell growth."
D) "No,the action of the medication is unknown."

Question 24

Which of the following adverse reactions is/are associated with the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics? (Select all that apply. )

A) Increased appetite
B) Overgrowth of yeast
C) Superinfection
D) Bacterial changes in the bowel

Question 25

When giving a patient a penicillin injection,the nurse must keep in mind which of the following? (Select all that apply. )

A) Aspirate before injecting the medication.
B) The patient must be watched for 30 minutes for adverse reactions.
C) A poor bleeding response is normal.
D) Plunger deficit accounts for needle length.

Question 26

A 72-year-old patient is being treated for an infected right great toe.In reviewing this patient's history,the nurse has discovered the patient has decreased renal function.Which of the following is correct concerning whether this patient should be started on aminoglycosides?

A) An aminoglycoside should be started,because this antibiotic can be taken with many other drugs.
B) An aminoglycoside should not be started,because this antibiotic is not broad spectrum.
C) An aminoglycoside should be started,because there is less sensitivity with this drug.
D) An aminoglycoside should not be started,because a specific tissue reaction has been identified.

Question 27

Which of the following drugs should be taken on an empty stomach? (Select all that apply. )

A) Ciprofloxacin
B) Erythromycin
C) Lincomycin
D) Tetracycline