Deck 21: Hormones and Steroids

Question 1

Lispro,a rapid-onset,short-acting insulin,differs from regular insulin in which of the following ways?

A) Longer duration
B) Shorter duration
C) Costs more to produce
D) Costs less to produce

Answer 1

Shorter duration

Question 2

Lipodystrophy is best defined as which of the following?

A) Decrease and shrinkage of fatty tissues
B) Increase in fatty tissue in buttocks
C) Overgrowth of breast tissue
D) Increase in fatty tissue on abdomen

Answer 2

Decrease and shrinkage of fatty tissues

Question 3

A 56-year-old patient has had late-onset type 2 diabetes (NIDDM)for the past 5 years.He has been taking a variety of oral hypoglycemic agents,but his blood sugar level is getting higher.He comes in today with blurred vision,lethargy,polyuria,polyphagia,and polydipsia.The doctor may suggest which of the following?

A) Switching to another oral hypoglycemic agent because the patient has developed insulin resistance
B) Switching to another oral hypoglycemic agent because the patient has developed Somogyi effect
C) Switching to another oral hypoglycemic agent because the patient has developed an allergy to the product
D) Switching to insulin because the oral pills have been ineffective

Answer 3

Switching to insulin because the oral pills have been ineffective

Question 4

Laboratory findings in thyroid disease may include which of the following?

A) Elevated red blood cell count
B) Reduced free T₄ index
C) Decreased TSH
D) Elevated phosphorus

Question 5

Which of the following is true about vasopressin?

A) It is an anterior pituitary hormone.
B) It is an antidiuretic hormone.
C) It is used in adrenal insufficiency.
D) It is used to increase smooth-muscle contraction in the digestive tract and vascular bed.

Question 6

A patient came to the clinic for follow-up care after his last visit.His laboratory tests for serum T₄ and TSH confirm hypothyroidism.The nurse expects that this patient will be started on which of the following medications?

A) Prednisone
B) Hydrocortisone
C) Levothyroxine
D) Danazol

Question 7

A 14-year-old boy is excessively small for his age.He has also failed to develop any secondary sex characteristics.After endocrine evaluation,the physician decides to institute hormone therapy to stimulate growth.Which of the following is the general category of drugs that would be ordered?

A) Androgens
B) Posterior pituitary hormones
C) Adrenal hormones
D) Corticosteroids

Question 8

Patients taking antidiuretic hormone (ADH)need to be monitored frequently for which of the following?

A) Increase in urination
B) Urinary acidity
C) Dehydration
D) Urinary alkalinity

Question 9

A newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patient is started on a new drug that comes from incretin hormones.Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1)is used because of which of the following effects?

A) It has the least allergic effect.
B) It is easy to administer.
C) It inhibits glucagon secretion.
D) It slows islet growth.

Question 10

Which of the following are two of the major glucocorticoids produced by the adrenal glands?

A) Vasopressin and aldosterone
B) Hydrocortisone and cortisone
C) Prednisone and hydrocortisone
D) Deltasone and Solu-Cortef

Question 11

When used for a short period to treat dysfunctional bleeding,progestins will have which of the following effects?

A) They will cause breakthrough bleeding in 24 hours.
B) They will stop bleeding and cause the endometrium to shed.
C) They will decrease the risk for endometrial cancer.
D) They will stop all side effects of the drug.

Question 12

When a patient is on hormone replacement therapy,the nurse should regularly monitor the patient for which of the following changes?

A) Weight loss
B) Increase in body hair
C) Increase in body heat
D) Weight gain

Question 13

A patient is taking 36 units of glargine insulin (Lantus)each morning.This insulin's duration is in which of the following ranges?

A) 1 to 3 hours
B) 6 to 8 hours
C) 20 to 24 hours
D) 24 to 48 hours

Question 14

A patient is found to have hyperthyroidism.The health care provider wants to start the patient on medication before performing surgery and would most likely prescribe which of the following medications?

A) Propylthiouracil
B) Thyroglobulin
C) Liothyronine
D) Levothyroxine

Question 15

A patient comes in with a bad case of poison ivy.He has been scratching the red,swollen area on his arm because it itches.The arm has been getting increasingly swollen over the last 3 days.The doctor is most likely to order which of the following?

A) Somatotropin
B) A corticosteroid
C) A mineralocorticoid
D) Luteinizing hormone

Question 16

Hormones used in the suppression of ovulation include which of the following?

A) Estrogens and progestins
B) Luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone
C) Androgens and progestins
D) Endorphins and androgens

Question 17

In instructing a patient about corticosteroid therapy,the patient asks if he can just stop this medication before returning to the physician's office.Which of the following would be the nurse's best response?

A) "Take this medication until you've completed it."
B) "The medication must be slowly reduced."
C) "Go ahead;there is no real precaution with this drug therapy."
D) "The amount you're taking is small,so stopping is all right at any time."

Question 18

A patient is started on Byetta,one of the new antidiabetic agents.The patient asks how this medication will help lower blood sugar.Which of the following is the nurse's response?

A) It takes the place of insulin.
B) It restores insulin secretion.
C) It is taken with insulin to make it last.
D) It decreases the thirst for water.

Question 19

Myxedema is the most severe form of hypothyroidism.Changes with this condition include which of the following signs?

A) Doughy skin
B) Increased body hair
C) Skin hot to the touch
D) Decreased body weight

Question 20

A patient is taking insulin each morning.When the insulin peaks,the patient should be observed for which of the following signs of hypoglycemia?

A) Nervousness,hunger,weakness,pallor,and confusion
B) Tachycardia and acetone breath
C) Tachycardia,loss of consciousness,and Kussmaul respirations
D) Serum glucose greater than 150 mg/dL,hunger,and confusion

Question 21

A patient is 2 weeks past the delivery date of her baby.Her physician has admitted her into the hospital to induce her delivery.Which of the following is the drug of choice for the induction of labor?

A) Ergonovine
B) Methylergonovine
C) Oxytocin
D) Clomiphene

Question 22

On a cool day,a patient complains of tachycardia,diaphoresis,and being warm.The patient has no known health problems.The health care provider will assess the patient for which of the following conditions? (Select all that apply. )

A) Diabetes
B) Thyroid disease
C) Posterior pituitary hormone deficiency
D) Hypertension

Question 23

A type 2 diabetic patient is learning to control his condition with diet and exercise.The patient was started on Januvia,a new incretin.The nurse expects the dose adjustment to be based on which of the following lab values?

A) CBC
B) TSH
C) Creatinine clearance
D) BUN

Question 24

Which of the following methods should be used to stop steroid therapy? (Select all that apply. )

A) Therapy is stopped immediately.
B) The medication is tapered gradually.
C) After shorter courses,the dosage may be reduced by 50% each day.
D) The dosage may be reduced at consistent intervals.

Question 25

When using drugs for labor induction,the intensity of uterine contractions should not be more than which of the following?

A) 50 mm Hg
B) 20 mm Hg
C) 80 mm Hg
D) 10 mm Hg

Question 26

Insulin needs may increase due to which of the following insulin antagonists? (Select all that apply. )

A) Corticosteroids
B) Epinephrine
C) Alcohol
D) Thyroid hormone

Question 27

A patient comes into the clinic with complaints of feeling shaky and nervous.This patient has a history of type 2 diabetes and alcohol use.He admits to drinking two beers before coming into the clinic.The nurse should check this patient for which of the following?

A) Alcohol in the blood
B) Other drugs in the blood
C) Hyperglycemia
D) Hypoglycemia

Question 28

Drugs of choice for the induction of labor include which of the following? (Select all that apply. )

A) Oxytocin
B) Ergonovine
C) Dexamethasone
D) Prostaglandins