Deck 24: Vitamins and Minerals

Question 1

A patient is an alcoholic and is frequently in the clinic for various illnesses,including dehydration from vomiting.He presents this time with vomiting,anorexia,and fatigue.The health care provider has ordered intravenous fluids to be started on this patient.The nurse knows that electrolytes and vitamins will be in the solution.Given the patient's history,which of the following vitamins should be included in the IV solution?

A) Ascorbic acid
B) Thiamine
C) Riboflavin
D) Pyridoxine

Answer 1

Thiamine

Question 2

Folic acid is used for which of the following?

A) Severe headaches
B) Reducing red blood cell synthesis
C) Red blood cell formation
D) Stool softening

Answer 2

Red blood cell formation

Question 3

Vitamin A is used to do which of the following?

A) Treat blood deficiency when doing a blood transfusion
B) Stop bleeding
C) Make stool softer
D) Treat eye diseases and night blindness

Answer 3

Treat eye diseases and night blindness

Question 4

The recommended daily allowance of vitamin A for adults is 750 mcg/day.A patient tells the nurse that he is taking 1000 mcg of vitamin A daily to prevent night blindness.The nurse knows that the overdose of this medication can lead to which of the following conditions?

A) Obesity
B) Fluid retention
C) Eye infection
D) Hypervitaminosis

Question 5

A patient was started on niacin (vitamin B₃)because of a deficiency in her diet.The patient called the clinic with complaints of flushed face,weakness,and tingling skin.Which of the following is correct concerning this patient?

A) He is having a heart attack from taking niacin.
B) He is having a reaction to taking niacin.
C) He needs to increase the dose of niacin.
D) He needs to reduce the dose of niacin.

Question 6

Women who are lactating should eat foods rich in vitamin A that include which of the following?

A) Eggs and liver
B) Hamburgers and fries
C) Apples and grapes
D) Steak and baked potatoes

Question 7

Which of the following vitamins deals with the metabolism of proteins,fats,and carbohydrates and is active in the tissue respiration system?

A) Thiamine
B) Ascorbic acid
C) Riboflavin
D) Folic acid

Question 8

Which of the following foods is rich in vitamin A?

A) Apples
B) Pasta
C) Dairy products
D) Nuts

Question 9

An older adult patient comes to the doctor's office with complaints of malaise,nervousness,and difficulty walking.Her blood work reveals a deficiency in pyridoxine.The nurse would know that the patient has a deficiency in which of the following vitamins?

A) Vitamin C
B) Vitamin D
C) Vitamin B₁₂
D) Vitamin B₆

Question 10

One of the main functions of vitamin D is to stimulate calcium and sodium reabsorption in which of the following vital organs?

A) Brain
B) Kidneys
C) Liver
D) Colon

Question 11

Which of the following vitamins turns urine yellow in color?

A) Vitamin B₂
B) Vitamin B₃
C) Vitamin B₁
D) Vitamin B₆

Question 12

The highest amount of vitamin E is found in which of the following food sources?

A) Meat
B) Milk and cheese
C) Wheat germ
D) Fish

Question 13

The main action of vitamin D is the movement of which of the following?

A) Calcium and phosphorus
B) Potassium and sodium
C) Red and white blood cells
D) Creatinine and BUN

Question 14

Vitamin D is used in the body for the absorption of which of the following minerals?

A) Iron
B) Zinc
C) Calcium
D) Magnesium

Question 15

Which of the following vitamins are fat-soluble?

A) K,C,A,D
B) B₁,B₂,B₃,B₆
C) B₁₂,A,E,C
D) E,A,K,D

Question 16

Women taking oral contraceptives often show high levels of which of the following vitamins?

A) Vitamin E
B) Vitamin A
C) Vitamin C
D) Vitamin D

Question 17

Which of the following vitamins is important in red blood cell formation?

A) K
B) D
C) Folic acid
D) B₆

Question 18

Which of the following is an action of ascorbic acid (vitamin C)?

A) Softens stool in the large bowel
B) Decreases nasal secretions
C) Protects vitamins A and E
D) Protects hair coloring

Question 19

A young woman comes into the clinic for a routine checkup and to make sure she is healthy enough to become pregnant.An increased intake of which of the following vitamins is recommended for women who intend to become pregnant?

A) Pyridoxine hydrochloride
B) Folic acid
C) Pantothenic acid
D) Niacin

Question 20

Which of the following is the fat-soluble vitamin with the least potential for toxicity?

A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin E
C) Vitamin D
D) Vitamin K

Question 21

Which of the following minerals is recommended for the prevention of dental caries?

A) Fluoride
B) Vitamin D
C) Iron
D) Calcium

Question 22

Calcium is essential for which of the following functions? (Select all that apply. )

A) Blood clotting
B) Neurotransmission
C) Formation of sweat
D) Muscle contraction

Question 23

A patient taking an iron supplement may experience which of the following side effects?

A) Headache
B) Circumoral cyanosis
C) Fatigue
D) Black stools

Question 24

Folic acid is used in the treatment of anemia caused by folic acid deficiency.Which of the following other conditions may require folic acid? (Select all that apply. )

A) Alcoholism
B) Hepatic disease
C) Pruritus
D) Lactation

Question 25

The nurse is asked by the health care provider to administer vitamin K to a pregnant patient who is spotting.Which of the following routes of administration would the nurse use for vitamin K?

A) Intravenous
B) Intradermal
C) Sublingual
D) Subcutaneous

Question 26

The nurse teaching a patient with malabsorption syndrome would tell the patient that which of the following foods is/are richest in manganese?

A) Whole-wheat cereal
B) Meat and fish
C) Tea and cloves
D) Milk and cheese

Question 27

Foods high in folic acid include which of the following?

A) Crab
B) Chicken
C) Nuts
D) Vegetables

Question 28

Magnesium is found in which of the following foods?

A) Bread
B) Meat
C) Eggs
D) Legumes

Question 29

Patients who have had renal stones should be monitored when taking which of the following minerals?

A) Iron
B) Calcium
C) Magnesium
D) Potassium

Question 30

A patient reports heavy menstrual periods,easy fatigability,and a general lack of energy.This patient may be suffering from which of the following?

A) Acute renal failure
B) Iron-deficiency anemia
C) Hypokalemia
D) Dehydration

Question 31

Fluoride is an essential mineral that is taken into which of the following body surface areas for absorption?

A) Skin
B) Hair
C) Teeth
D) Nails

Question 32

Which of the following vitamins is used in the treatment of blood clotting disorders?

A) Vitamin C
B) Vitamin E
C) Vitamin A
D) Vitamin K

Question 33

A patient is admitted to the hospital with complaints of blood in his stools.He says he feels weak and short of breath.His hematologic values reveal anemia.He is given two units of blood and is stabilized.Which of the following minerals will be used to treat him?

A) Iron
B) Zinc
C) Calcium
D) Magnesium

Question 34

Pyridoxine hydrochloride (vitamin B₆)is a water-soluble vitamin found in which of the following foods? (Select all that apply. )

A) Wheat
B) Corn
C) Apple
D) Pears

Question 35

The mineral that has been determined to be essential for cardiac function is which of the following?

A) Iron
B) Fluoride
C) Zinc
D) Magnesium

Question 36

A patient taking a liquid iron preparation must be cautioned to do which of the following?

A) Put the iron preparation in milk.
B) Put the iron preparation over ice.
C) Dilute the iron preparation with water and drink it with a straw.
D) Take the iron preparation with an antacid.

Question 37

A patient on Coumadin therapy begins to bleed from the gums while brushing her teeth.The nurse would expect the health care provider to prescribe which of the following vitamins?

A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin E
C) Vitamin K
D) Vitamin B₁

Question 38

Patients on long-term diuretic therapy should take which of the following minerals?

A) Potassium
B) Sodium
C) Calcium
D) Zinc

Question 39

After his teeth have been coated with fluoride,the patient should be instructed not to rinse,eat,or drink for which of the following time periods after the procedure?

A) 1 hour
B) 2 1/2 hours
C) 10 minutes
D) 30 minutes