Deck 48: Persons With Autoimmune Diseases

Question 1

Medical consultation is recommended for clients with autoimmune diseases. The need for medical treatment may supersede the oral treatment planned.

A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true, and the second statement is false.
D) The first statement is false, and the second statement is true.

Answer 1

Both statements are true.

Question 2

Which of the following autoimmune diseases is the most common one affecting the nervous system?

A) Fibromyalgia
B) Multiple dystrophy
C) Myasthenia gravis
D) Multiple sclerosis
E) Scleroderma

Answer 2

Multiple sclerosis

Question 3

Which type of medications blocks the synthesis of prostaglandins and reduces inflammation?

A) DMARDs
B) NSAIDs
C) Penicillamine
D) Cyclosporine
E) Antimalarials

Answer 3

NSAIDs

Question 4

A triad of keratoconjunctivitis sicca, xerostomia, and connective tissue disorder describes which autoimmune disease?

A) Systemic lupus erythematosus
B) Sjögren's syndrome
C) Scleroderma
D) Cicatricial pemphigoid
E) Chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus

Question 5

Some autoimmune diseases affect the head and neck area only. Other autoimmune diseases affect multiple organ systems of the body.

A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true, and the second statement is false.
D) The first statement is false, and the second statement is true.

Question 6

Examples of autoimmune diseases include all of the following except one. Which is the one exception?

A) Adrenal insufficiency
B) Type 1 diabetes mellitus
C) Multiple sclerosis
D) Pemphigus vulgaris
E) Osteoarthritis

Question 7

Using a risk assessment tool for autoimmune disease is an appropriate way for dental hygienists to diagnose undetected autoimmune disease. Clients presenting with positive responses on this risk assessment tool should be referred for further medical evaluation.

A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true, and the second statement is false.
D) The first statement is false, and the second statement is true.

Question 8

Methotrexate is the drug of choice for clients with severe rheumatoid arthritis, because it has a fast onset providing relief within 1 week after initiating treatment.

A) Both the statement and the reason are correct, and they are related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct, but they are not related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is not.
D) The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
E) Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.

Question 9

Which autoimmune disease most often presents with a painful, burning tongue and oral ulcerations?

A) Pemphigus vulgaris
B) Cicatricial pemphigoid
C) Sjögren's syndrome
D) Pernicious anemia
E) Scleroderma

Question 10

Which autoimmune disease is associated with high levels of viral infection?

A) Chronic fatigue syndrome
B) Fibromyalgia
C) Rheumatoid arthritis
D) Myasthenia gravis
E) Scleroderma

Question 11

Which of the following represents an unusual oral side effect of DMARDs?

A) Gingival bleeding
B) Ecchymosis
C) Herpes zoster
D) Blue-black pigmentation
E) Delayed wound healing

Question 12

Daily fluoride therapy is often recommended for clients with autoimmune disease because, they are prone to xerostomi a.

A) Both the statement and the reason are correct, and they are related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct, but they are not related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is not.
D) The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
E) Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.

Question 13

Treatment for autoimmune diseases includes medications, injections to desensitize one from an allergen, and antirejection medications. With advances in diagnosis and treatment, clients diagnosed with many autoimmune diseases can be cured.

A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true, and the second statement is false.
D) The first statement is false, and the second statement is true.

Question 14

Autoantibodies can cause disease without directly causing tissue injury because antibodies can stimulate receptors that effect hormonal or neuromuscular behavior.

A) Both the statement and the reason are correct, and they are related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct, but they are not related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is not.
D) The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
E) Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.

Question 15

Regular maintenance intervals of no more than 3 months are recommended for clients with autoimmune disease, because they are not motivated to maintain oral health at home.

A) Both the statement and the reason are correct, and they are related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct, but they are not related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is not.
D) The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
E) Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.

Question 16

Most clients with autoimmune disease require prophylactic antibiotics before dental and dental hygiene treatment, because they are immunosuppressed and prone to infection.

A) Both the statement and the reason are correct, and they are related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct, but they are not related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is not.
D) The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
E) Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.

Question 17

What is the term for the body's ability to discriminate between its' own antigens and nonself antigens?

A) Self-tolerance
B) Immunologic tolerance
C) Autoimmunity
D) Immunosuppression
E) Immunohistoincompatibility

Question 18

Chronic steroid use often results in secondary adrenal insufficiency. Steroid supplementation is required for dental hygiene procedures.

A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true, and the second statement is false.
D) The first statement is false, and the second statement is true.

Question 19

Clients with autoimmune disease should be scheduled for early afternoon appointments, because cortisone levels are highest at that time and minimize the risk for thyroid storm.

A) Both the statement and the reason are correct, and they are related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct, but they are not related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is not.
D) The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
E) Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.

Question 20

How many different types of autoimmune diseases have been identified?

A) 20
B) 40
C) 60
D) 80
E) Over 100

Question 21

Select the four complications of chronic corticosteroid medication use.

A) Insomnia
B) Enhanced wound healing
C) Cataract formation
D) Increased growth
E) Osteoporosis
F) Reduced inflammation
G) Psychosis

Question 23

Local anesthesia and nitrous oxide-oxygen sedation are recommended for patients taking long-term corticosteroid therapy, because these modalities help to eliminate the need for steroid supplementation during dental hygiene treatment.

A) Both the statement and the reason are correct, and they are related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct, but they are not related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is not.
D) The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
E) Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.

Question 24

Select the signs and symptoms of multisystem organ involvement of autoimmune diseases.

A) Fatigue
B) Joint pain
C) Anemia
D) Sleep disorders
E) Depression
F) Tinnitus
G) Facial hair growth

Question 25

Power toothbrushes are recommended for clients who present with biofilm removal challenges. Select the diseases that would contribute to the need for this oral health device.

A) Rheumatoid arthritis
B) Hyperthyroidism
C) Pemphigus vulgaris
D) Scleroderma
E) Pernicious anemia
F) Multiple sclerosis
G) Myasthenia gravis

Question 26

Which autoimmune disease is characterized by well-demarcated erythematous patches with a silver-white scale on the lesions?

A) Pemphigus vulgaris
B) Cicatricial pemphigoid
C) Discoid lupus erythematosus
D) Psoriasis
E) Chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus

Question 27

Lower doses of sedatives and analgesics are often required in clients with hyperthyroidism, because they are more tolerant to centrally acting drugs.

A) Both the statement and the reason are correct, and they are related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct, but they are not related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is not.
D) The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
E) Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.

Question 28

Select three primary factors that are necessary for the development of autoimmunity.

A) Genetic mutations
B) Genetic predisposition
C) Cytokinetic response
D) Infection
E) Trauma
F) Hemorrhage
G) Immunohistoincompatibility

Question 29

Select the options that should be part of documentation for the dental hygiene appointment with clients who have autoimmune disease.

A) Process
B) Outcomes
C) Extent to which goals are met
D) Client's response to treatment
E) Referrals needed
F) Adverse reactions
G) Future treatment

Question 30

All of the following are goals of pharmacotherapy for clients with autoimmune disease except one. Which is the one exception?

A) Reduce pain.
B) Improve function.
C) Slow disease progression rate.
D) Limit tissue destruction.
E) Improve sense of well-being.