Deck 49: Neurobiology of Nonpsychotic Illnesses

Question 1

The most common childhood psychiatric disorder is

A) bipolar disorder.
B) attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
C) autism spectrum disorder.
D) psychosis.

Answer 1

attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Question 2

Children with social or communication deficits, fixated interests and repetitive behaviors are likely exhibiting symptoms of

A) attention deficient hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
B) a learning disorder.
C) inattention.
D) autism spectrum disorder.

Answer 2

autism spectrum disorder.

Question 3

Which statements are true about post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?

A) PTSD occurs up to 1 month after an event.
B) PTSD is an acute condition.
C) Remission may take as long as 3 to 4 years.
D) Women appear to take longer to recover from PTSD than men.
E) Acute stress disorder and PTSD are precipitated by a traumatic event.

Answer 3

Women appear to take longer to recover from PTSD than men.
Acute stress disorder and PTSD are precipitated by a traumatic event.

Question 4

Early treatment of panic anxiety disorder focuses on

A) the use of sedative agents.
B) cognitive-behavioral therapy.
C) dopamine antagonistic medications.
D) the use of respiratory stimulants.

Question 5

A patient who experiences sudden-onset, acute fearfulness for no apparent reason has a disorder called

A) generalized anxiety disorder.
B) phobia.
C) panic disorder.
D) post traumatic stress disorder.

Question 6

Studies on brain neuroanatomy and neurocircuitry suggest that post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)patients show ________________ left hippocampus volumes compared with control subjects.

A) decreased right and
B) increased right and
C) decreased right and increased
D) increased right and decreased

Question 7

Persistent, intrusive, uncontrollable thoughts that an individual recognizes as a product of his or her own mind are called

A) compulsions.
B) delusions.
C) obsessions.
D) hallucinations.

Question 8

The fearful expectation of panic anxiety is known as

A) a nervous breakdown.
B) anticipatory anxiety.
C) a phobia.
D) avoidance anxiety

Question 9

It is true that panic disorders

A) are diagnosed more often in women.
B) are diagnosed more often in men.
C) generally occur after age 45.
D) are common in the elderly.

Question 10

Individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder

A) are not aware that obsessive thoughts are from their own brains.
B) may become highly anxious if prevented from performing rituals.
C) have disordered thinking and poor reality orientation.
D) have a severe, unmanageable psychotic illness.

Question 11

The first-line treatment for post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)is

A) adrenergic blockers.
B) benzodiazepines
C) tricyclic antidepressants.
D) selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.

Question 12

A person who frequently spends hours each day attending to hand hygiene is referred to as a

A) hoarder.
B) washer.
C) checker.
D) counter.

Question 13

As many as ____ of children in the United States aged 3 to 17 years are affected by some type of neurodevelopmental disorder.

A) 5%
B) 12%
C) 25%
D) 30%

Question 14

Repetitive or ritualistic acts that a person performs with urgency are referred to as

A) obsessions.
B) delusions.
C) hallucinations.
D) compulsions.

Question 15

In individuals dealing with obsessive-compulsive disorder, ____ are most bothered by both obsessions and compulsions.

A) 20%
B) 28%
C) 50%
D) 90%

Question 16

An anxiety disorder that is precipitated by a traumatic event is known as

A) generalized anxiety disorder.
B) posttraumatic stress disorder.
C) panic disorder.
D) phobia.

Question 17

Which disorders are classified as anxiety-related?

A) Panic
B) Generalized anxiety
C) Obsessive-compulsive
D) Borderline personality
E) Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

Question 18

Tachycardia is a common finding in individuals with

A) panic attacks.
B) generalized anxiety disorder.
C) obsessive-compulsive disorder.
D) bipolar disorder.

Question 19

PET scans performed on the brains of individuals diagnosed with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)has shown

A) decreases in glucose metabolism.
B) increases in glucose metabolism.
C) increases in serotonin activity.
D) decreases in serotonin activity.