Deck 2: Federalism

Question 1

The power to tax is an example of ​

A) ​a reserved power.
B) ​an enumerated power.
C) ​a concurrent power.
D) a delineated power.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

What is federalism?​

A) A characteristic of the U.S. government as outlined by the U.S. Constitution
B) ​A system of government in which the national government has all of the powers
C) The authority and power to govern within the territory of a nation
D) ​A system of government in which the states have authority over the national government

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Sovereignty is best defined as the

A) ​authority and power to govern the people within the territory of a nation-state.
B) ​right to govern regardless of the will of the people.
C) ​intent to govern within the territory and colonies of a nation-state.
D) ​absolute authority that derives from a constitutional monarchy.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The purpose of the supremacy clause is to clearly state​ that where state and national laws conflict,

A) ​the state law remains supreme.
B) the national law remains supreme.
C) a new amendment needs to be proposed.
D) the law is determined null and void.

Question 5

What is a disadvantage of a unitary system?​

A) ​Separating grants of power to national and local units, allowing each unit to act within its own sphere
B) ​Allowing local authorities to rule as they see fit within their own territories
C) ​Centralizing power and allowing for organized rule and lines of authority
D) ​Placing limits on what local authorities can do within their areas

Question 6

Which of the following is an example of a reserved power?​

A) ​The power to tax
B) ​The power to provide for national defense
C) ​The power to administer elections
D) ​The power to conduct foreign relations

Question 7

Reserved powers are powers​

A) to be exercised by the states and not the federal government.
B) ​that are specifically listed in the Constitution as granted to the federal government.
C) that are rarely used and then only by congressional approval.
D) ​to be shared by the federal and state governments.

Question 8

Enumerated powers are those powers given specifically to the​

A) ​state governments.
B) ​federal government.
C) ​people.
D) local governments.

Question 9

Today, the United States, India, and Australia all have governments characterized by

A) ​direct democracy.
B) confederal systems.
C) ​federalism.
D) unitary systems.

Question 10

What distinguishes a unitary system of government?​

A) ​In a unitary system, power rests with the local and regional governments.
B) In a unitary system, power rests entirely with the national government.
C) ​In a unitary system, power rests entirely with the people.
D) ​In a unitary system, power is divided in the same manner as in a federal system.

Question 11

Article I, Section IX of the Constitution​

A) prohibits Congress from creating ex post facto laws.
B) contains restrictions only on state powers.​
C) prohibits restrictions on federal powers.
D) ​contains no restrictions on the powers of the state and federal governments.

Question 12

The Articles of Confederation created​ a

A) weak state government system with limited state powers.
B) weak national government with limited powers.
C) strong system in which state and national governments had equal powers.
D) strong national government that adequately met the challenges of the new nation.

Question 13

What is a major contrast between federalism and the unitary and confederal systems?​

A) ​Federalism allows states to retain significant powers while enabling the federal government to exercise national authority.
B) ​Federalism allows local and state governments to require the federal government to assist them in meeting the needs of the people.
C) Federalism places limits on what local authorities can do and often requires them to seek permission from the federal government before acting.​
D) ​Confederal systems centralize power in the federal government.

Question 14

​Which government units retained most of the sovereignty during the period of the Articles of Confederation?

A) ​The federal government and the people
B) ​The states and the federal government
C) ​The states and the people
D) ​Only the federal government

Question 15

McCullough v. Maryland introduced the idea of expanding the powers of Congress to include​ powers

A) ​the states chose to give up.
B) that were explicitly listed in the Constitution.
C) the people voted to give Congress.
D) ​not explicitly listed in the Constitution.

Question 16

All of these are ways in which the Constitution​ apportions authority and power between the federal and state governments except

A) powers to govern are divided between the states and the federal government.
B) the federal government holds supreme authority over the states.
C) ​the states retain some authority and autonomy.
D) ​the states' powers are primary and take precedence over the federal government.

Question 17

In the United States, the power of government is derived from

A) ​federal officials.
B) state government.
C) local units of government.
D) the people.

Question 18

Which type of power is described in the Constitution of the United States?​

A) Reserved
B) ​Conditional
C) ​Parallel
D) ​Supreme

Question 19

When did the United States operate under a confederal system?​

A) ​Under the rule of King George
B) ​Under the Articles of Confederation
C) ​Under the Constitution
D) ​Since the Revolutionary War

Question 20

What part of the Constitution could be interpreted to support the idea of state-centered federalism?​

A) ​Article I
B) ​Article VI
C) ​The Tenth Amendment
D) ​The Eleventh Amendment

Question 21

Article IV of the Constitution addresses which of the following?​

A) The role that states play within federalism
B) The process for amending the Constitution
C) ​Provisions regarding the treatment of criminals who cross state lines
D) ​The establishment of a national bank

Question 22

During the 1950s and 1960s, which of the following did not increase the influence of the federal government?​

A) The privileges and immunities clause
B) ​The Civil Rights Act of 1964
C) ​The Voting Rights Act of 1965
D) ​Brown v. Board of Education

Question 23

​Which two clauses help define the relationship of a state to the federal government and other states?

A) ​The full faith and credit clause and the elastic clause
B) ​The privileges and immunities clause and the elastic clause
C) ​The privileges and immunities clause and the full faith and credit clause
D) ​The commerce clause and the elastic clause

Question 24

What is one issue in recent years that states have used to flex their rights to sovereignty?​

A) Voting age
B) ​Drug laws
C) ​Drinking age
D) ​Immigration

Question 25

Gibbons v. Ogden provided the Supreme Court's interpretation of​ the

A) ​supremacy clause.
B) ​elastic clause.
C) ​commerce clause.
D) ​necessary and proper clause.

Question 26

The necessary and proper clause allows​

A) ​the federal government to reign supreme in every matter.
B) ​Congress to enact laws retroactively, particularly during a national crisis (war).
C) ​the federal government to make laws regarding almost anything and ​gives Congress and the federal government the capability to adapt to a changing world.
D) ​extensive and expanding powers to the executive branch of government.

Question 27

The Supreme Court has had

A) ​an insignificant role in interpreting the U.S. Constitution.
B) ​a modest role in interpreting the U.S. Constitution.
C) ​no role in interpreting the U.S Constitution.
D) ​a significant role in interpreting the U.S. Constitution.

Question 28

The doctrine that states could not infringe on the rights of citizenship was known as

A) ​supremacy.
B) ​validation.
C) ​elasticity.
D) ​incorporation.

Question 29

The Fourteenth Amendment ensured that​ the

A) ​states had an equal voice in the debate about citizenship.
B) ​states could not infringe on the rights of citizenship.
C) ​federal government could not infringe on the rights of citizenship.
D) ​federal government would yield to the states on matters concerning citizenship.

Question 30

President Roosevelt's approach to federalism was initially​

A) ​embraced somewhat by the Supreme Court.
B) ​embraced completely by the Supreme Court.
C) ​rejected somewhat by the Supreme Court.
D) ​rejected completely by the Supreme Court.

Question 31

Which president supported the "New Federalism" program?​

A) ​Eisenhower
B) ​Johnson
C) ​Nixon
D) ​Reagan

Question 32

In the decision of McCulloch v. Maryland, the Supreme Court found that​ states

A) ​do not have the power to tax institutions of the federal government but may place restrictions on Congress.
B) do not have the power to tax institutions of the federal government or otherwise place restrictions on Congress.
C) ​have the power to tax institutions of the federal government and otherwise place restrictions on Congress.
D) ​have the power to tax institutions, but do not have power to place restrictions on Congress.

Question 33

The decision in the case of National Labor Relations Board v. Jones and Laughlin Steel was a turning point legally in Roosevelt's approach to federalism because​ ​the Supreme Court found the law that created the National Labor Relations Board to be

A) constitutional, but it asserted the power of the state government in its interpretation of the commerce clause.
B) ​unconstitutional, but it still expanded the power of the federal government in its interpretation of the commerce clause.
C) constitutional, and it expanded the power of the federal government in its interpretation of the commerce clause.
D) unconstitutional, and it limited the power of the federal government in its interpretation of the commerce clause.

Question 34

The idea of states' rights played a significant role in which of the following?​

A) ​The Revolutionary War
B) The ​War of 1812
C) ​The Declaration of Independence
D) ​The Civil War

Question 35

Dual federalism is the idea that​ the

A) ​federal and state governments each has its own separate grant of power.
B) ​states and federal government can work together on particular issues in order to provide solutions to national problems.
C) ​federal and state governments put solutions to a national problem to a vote of the people.
D) ​federal government plays two roles.

Question 36

​Dual federalism is sometimes referred to as ________ federalism.

A) ​cupcake
B) ​apple pie
C) ​layer cake
D) ​melting pot

Question 37

In the early 2000s, what act implemented national standards in the field of education?​

A) ​The Elementary and Secondary Education Act
B) ​No Child Left Behind
C) The ​Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
D) ​The National Education Act

Question 38

How did President Roosevelt's policies of the New Deal Era start to shape cooperative federalism into what we know it as today?​

A) ​State agencies were created to deal with education, health, and welfare issues.
B) Federal monies were used to take care of state and local problems.
C) ​Issues that previously had been the sole responsibility of the federal government became state responsibilities.
D) ​Local problems became the sole responsibility of the states.

Question 39

The first case that set a precedent for the expansion of the federal government's power was​

A) ​Gibbons v. Ogden.
B) ​McCulloch v. Maryland.
C) ​United States v. Lopez.
D) ​Brown v. Board of Education.

Question 40

Which Supreme Court decision was the first to use the logic of dual federalism to preserve the power of Congress?​

A) ​Texas v. White
B) ​Dred Scott v. Sandford
C) ​United States v. E.C. Knight Co.
D) ​Hammer v. Dagenhart

Question 41

​What was the Supreme Court's decision regarding ending state funding of Medicaid for states that refused to expand it under the Affordable Care Act?

A) ​The Court supported the provision as it was written.
B) ​The Court supported the provision with a slight revision that gave the states more options.
C) ​The Court ruled this provision unconstitutional.
D) ​The Court waited to rule on this provision until the act had been fully implemented.

Question 42

​In Obergefell v. Hodges, the Supreme Court ruled that

A) ​same-sex marriages qualify as contracts that must be recognized by all states under the Constitution.
B) ​states have the right to make their own laws regarding same-sex marriage.
C) ​same-sex marriage is not a constitutional issue.
D) ​states do not have to provide all the same benefits to all married couples.

Question 43

Who was Chief Justice at the time of McCullough v. Maryland?​

A) ​John Marshall
B) ​William Rehnquist
C) ​Warren Berger
D) ​Thurgood Marshall

Question 44

In recent years, the Supreme Court has​

A) ​stopped hearing cases regarding issues that shape our understanding of federalism.
B) ​maintained a neutral position in cases that shape our understanding of federalism.
C) ​continued to play a significant role in resolving disputes regarding the powers of state and federal governments.
D) continued to play a role in reducing the powers of the federal government.

Question 45

What issue was impacted in the case United States v. Lopez?

A) ​Gun control legislation
B) Segregation in schools
C) ​Federal health care
D) Immigration law

Question 46

The supremacy clause states that

A) ​states must recognize contracts that are executed in other states.
B) the Constitution, laws made in accordance with it, and treaties made in the name of the United States are the supreme law.
C) the national government may make laws regarding almost anything and gives Congress and the federal government the capability to adapt to a changing world.
D) the federal government has those powers that are specifically assigned to it by the states.

Question 47

The Affordable Care Act was controversial and impacted the understanding of federalism because sections of the act fell under​ the

A) ​supremacy clause.
B) ​commerce clause.
C) ​elastic clause.
D) ​necessary and proper clause.

Question 48

The full faith and credit clause​ states that

A) states must recognize contracts that are executed in other states.
B) the Constitution, laws made in accordance with it, and treaties made in the name of the United States are the supreme law.
C) ​ the national government may make laws regarding almost anything and gives Congress and the federal government the capability to adapt to a changing world.
D) ​the establishment of a national bank is constitutional.

Question 49

Which Supreme Court case determined that couples married in same-sex unions would be considered married for the purposes of federal benefits?​

A) ​Gibbons v. Ogden
B) ​United States v. Lopez
C) ​United States v. Windsor
D) ​Tinker v. Des Moines School District

Question 50

McCulloch v. Maryland and Gibbons v. Ogden both​

A) ​limited the powers of the federal government, while expanding the powers of the states.
B) ​reserved some powers of the federal government, yet expanded all powers of the states.
C) ​restricted both the powers of the federal government and powers of the states.
D) ​expanded the powers of the federal government, yet reserved some powers of the states.