Deck 14: The Arts

Question 1

Many tales convey the same story situation-for example,the "numbskull" tale in which a father and son try to please everyone.Despite variations in detail,these tales have the same structure or story situation,called a _______________.

A)structure
B)line
C)motif
D)myth
E)docudrama

Answer 1

motif

Question 2

Anthropologists interpret myth as the _______________ of cultures that do not use scientific methods;myths explain the world and a people's place in it.

A)narrative
B)religion
C)worldview
D)folklore
E)drama

Answer 2

worldview

Question 3

Whether beneficial or unbeneficial,all art is an expression of _______________.

A)the innate need to be impractical
B)a fundamental human capacity for religious expression
C)state-level societies that can afford specialists
D)political domination of minorities by elites
E)the symbolic representation of form and the expression of feeling that constitutes the creative imagination

Answer 3

the symbolic representation of form and the expression of feeling that constitutes the creative imagination

Question 4

The type of verbal arts that has received the most study and attention is _______________,because it is the easiest to collect.

A)poetry
B)incantations
C)narrative
D)proverbs
E)riddles

Question 5

_______________ are semi-historical narratives that account for the deeds of heroes,the movements of peoples,and the establishment of local customs.

A)Myths
B)Legends
C)Tales
D)Dramas
E)Proverbs

Question 6

Long legends called epics are usually found in preliterate societies with a form of _______________ political organization.

A)band
B)tribe
C)chiefdom
D)state
E)kinship

Question 7

Anthropologists prefer to use the term verbal arts rather than the term folklore because _______________.

A)the term folklore is used only by linguists;the term verbal arts is used only by anthropologists
B)the term verbal arts sounds more sophisticated
C)the term verbal arts is more scientific
D)the term folklore implies lack of sophistication,and is a condescending term to use
E)the term folklore refers only to fairy tales

Question 8

The observation that all cultures include activities that provide aesthetic pleasure suggests that _______________.

A)humans may have an innate or acquired need to produce art
B)the human mind requires the stimulation of imaginative play to prevent boredom
C)All societies,from food foraging bands to industrial states,include art in their culture
D)art is a necessary activity in which all normal,active members of society participate
E)all of the above

Question 9

The myth of the Abenaki concerning Tabaldak and Odziozo _______________.

A)expresses the naturalistic world view that humans should recognize that a kinship exists among all living things
B)is a work of art
C)provides an explanation of the origin of humans and the physical environment
D)sanctions certain behaviors such as the avoidance of waste
E)all of the above

Question 10

To study and analyze art,anthropologists use a combination of which three approaches?

A)narrative,verbal,and aesthetic
B)aesthetic,narrative,and interpretive
C)verbal,interpretive,and visual
D)interpretive,visual,and emotional
E)visual,aesthetic,and emotional

Question 11

Which of the following composers of so-called serious music have been influenced by African American music?

A)Bernstein
B)Gershwin
C)Dvorak
D)Poulenc
E)all of the above

Question 12

In North America,_______________ is thought of as a specialized activity done for play,recreation,or aesthetic appreciation.

A)religion
B)myth
C)art
D)magic
E)science

Question 13

Although the desire for imaginative play may be a human universal crossing all cultural boundaries,the form that it takes is determined by _______________.

A)chance
B)culture
C)insanity
D)unhappiness
E)supernatural forces

Question 14

In the myth of Tabaldak and Odziozo,Tabaldak first created the Abenakis from stone,and then from living wood.What does this tell us about the functions of myths?

A)Myths function to tell actual history;the Abenakis believe that they were originally made of wood.
B)Myths bring humor into the lives of the Abenakis because they are so ridiculous.
C)Myths function primarily to provide entertainment;the Abenakis know they were not made from wood,but like to tell this story to visiting anthropologists who are so gullible.
D)Myths function to express a culture's worldview;the Abenakis see themselves as belonging to the world of living things rather than to the nonliving world of stone.
E)Myths provide knowledge of woodworking and stonemasonry to the Abenakis.

Question 15

Because legends contain details of a people's past,they are a form of history;because they often give a picture of a people's view of the world and humanity's place in it,they are like _______________.

A)poetry
B)religion
C)magic
D)kinship systems
E)myths

Question 16

Most of the situation comedies,soap operas and adventure series shown on television are non-religious,non-historical,and appreciated primarily as a source of entertainment.Thus they may be classified as what kind of verbal arts?

A)proverbs
B)drama
C)legend
D)incantations
E)tale

Question 17

When an anthropologist uses the term _______________,s/he is referring to a category of verbal narratives that are secular,non-historical,and seen primarily as a source of entertainment.

A)folklore
B)myth
C)tale
D)legend
E)drama

Question 18

The function of legends has been taken over by _______________.

A)psychology
B)history
C)anthropology
D)sociology
E)political science

Question 19

Which of the following represent legitimate subjects of anthropological study of the verbal arts?

A)the rules of rhetoric followed by a Roman senator in making a speech to the Senate
B)a comparison of swear words in France and Germany
C)a collection of clapping rhymes done by school children
D)gang graffiti
E)all of the above

Question 20

The term _______________ was developed in the 19th century to refer to traditional oral stories and sayings of the European peasant.

A)magic
B)superstition
C)folklore
D)verbal arts
E)motif

Question 21

Peyote buttons contain a psychotropic substance called a(n)_______________.

A)alkaloid
B)acid
C)barbiturate
D)inhibitor
E)acid base

Question 22

Which of the following White performers presented their own versions of African American music to White audiences?

A)Benny Goodman
B)Pat Boone
C)Lawrence Welk
D)the Beatles
E)all of the above

Question 23

Two people playing different patterns of beats at the same time is called _______________.

A)pentatonic
B)irregular
C)repetitious
D)polyrhythm
E)primitive

Question 24

The study of music in its cultural setting is called ______________.

A)drama
B)narrative
C)ethnomusicology
D)folklore
E)verbal arts

Question 25

Americans are familiar with the story of Cinderella.Similar stories may be found throughout the world: a poor,beautiful girl,downtrodden by her stepmother,receives supernatural aid to win the hand of a noble prince who is searching for a bride.Although the circumstances differ (the girl may be a rural peasant or a servant in a great house,the supernatural helper may be a fairy godmother or a goldfish,the prince may belong to European feudalism or the Aztec empire),all the stories exhibit the same basic _______________.

A)motif
B)tonality
C)legend
D)mythological structure
E)epic

Question 26

Tattoos communicate through _______________.

A)manner of execution
B)style
C)sign-to-meaning correspondence
D)color
E)all of the above

Question 27

All peoples engage in artistic behavior as they use their imagination creatively to interpret,understand,and even enjoy life.Moreover,they have been doing this for at least ________ years.

A)One million
B)400,000
C)150,000
D)40,000
E)10,000

Question 28

During the Washington Peace March in the 60s,thousands of people sang the song,"We Shall Overcome." This song expressed a feeling of common purpose to counteract repression and reform society.It created a sense of unity among the diverse members of the crowd.This example illustrates the _______________ of music.

A)social functions
B)geographical distribution
C)tonality
D)mythological features
E)polyrhythms

Question 29

Scale systems and their modifications in music is _______________.

A)tonality
B)ethnomusicology
C)sculpture
D)verbal arts
E)pentatonic

Question 30

Peyote art is a traditional form among the _______________.

A)Cheyenne
B)Hurok
C)Huichol
D)Chumash
E)Comanche

Question 31

The "little songs" of the Bedouin are antistructural because they _______________.

A)are heroic poems
B)are elaborately structured and used on ceremonial occasions
C)are sung by men only
D)express ideas and feelings that go against the moral system
E)are sung by older women only

Question 32

Among Australian aborigines,the ancestors' tracks in song are called _______________.

A)little songs
B)songlines
C)journey songs
D)dreamlines
E)none of the above

Question 33

_______________ crescent moon affirms that country's group solidarity and identity beyond kinship lines.

A)Turkey's
B)Lebanon's
C)Indonesia's
D)Afghanistan's
E)India's

Question 34

An ethnomusicologist would be interested in _______________.

A)the conventions by which a culture defines what tones are considered "natural" in that culture's music
B)the rhythms which underlie melodic lines in a culture's music
C)how musical instruments are made
D)the functions of music within a culture
E)all but c

Question 35

By examining old photographs and other items of material culture,_______________ was able reproduce a tribal chief's collar of the Penobscot people.

A)Jennifer Neptune
B)Margaret Mead
C)Federica de Laguna
D)Ruth Benedict
E)Ruth Metraux

Question 36

The _______________ system divides the octave into five nearly equidistant tones.

A)pentatonic
B)natural
C)out-of-tune
D)Persian
E)formless

Question 37

In Western music the distance between the basic tone and the first overtone is called a(n)_______________.

A)tonality
B)scale
C)octave
D)semi-octave
E)pentatonic scale

Question 38

Tattoos are universal forms of body art that may have been present as far back as _______________ years ago.

A)10,000-40,000
B)40,000-75,000
C)5,000-10,000
D)60,000-70,000
E)10,000-12,000

Question 39

_______________ is one of the world's oldest art traditions.

A)Basketry
B)Song
C)Painting
D)Monumental art
E)Rock art

Question 40

Your text describes a type of narrative found in many cultures in which a peasant father and his son,while traveling with their beast of burden,meet a number of people who criticize them.What is the motif?

A)The "motif" refers to the psychological motives of the characters in a story,in this case the desire of the son to do better than his father.
B)By "motif" is meant the historical background to the story,in this case the history of exploitation of the peasantry.
C)The "motif" refers to the story situation,in this case a father and son trying to please everyone.
D)By "motif" is meant the physical environment in which the story occurs,in this case the yam gardens of Ghana.
E)The "motif" refers to the economic background,in this case feudalism.

Question 41

Which of the following art forms can convey powerful meaning and vital messages for a cultural group?

A)dance
B)a song
C)a dress
D)a carving
E)all of the above

Question 42

_______________ serve to transmit and preserve a culture's legal and political practices.

A)Lyrics
B)Tales
C)Myths
D)Epics
E)Chants

Question 43

Anthropologists prefer to not use the term folklore but rather chose the term verbal arts because _______________.

A)the term folklore is used only by linguists;the term verbal arts is used only by anthropologists
B)the term verbal arts sounds more sophisticated
C)the term verbal arts is more scientific
D)the term folklore implies lack of sophistication,and is a condescending term to use
E)the term folklore refers only to fairy tales

Question 44

Music gives basic human ideas a _________________ form,which makes it memorable and attractive which is usable by the culture to promote ideas and understandings.

A)memorable
B)useful
C)concrete
D)native
E)preserved

Question 45

To perceive the real meaning of religious Christian art,the anthropologist must know something of the beliefs of _________________________.

A)Christianity
B)the Western culture in which it was produced
C)the culture in which it was produced
D)ancient Hebrew cultural manifestations
E)all of the above

Question 46

A cultural art form which is emblematic of the Micmac stubborn desire for self-determination is their _____________________.This also played a key role in their success of the band's Native rights case.

A)clay pots
B)rock paintings
C)dance forms
D)basketry
E)beaded clothing

Question 47

Oral tradition helps the Australian Aborigines claim extensive indigenous _____________ ownership.

A)land
B)art treasures
C)financial
D)tribunal
E)wildlife

Question 48

Rarely has a culture been reported to lack any kind of music.Bone flutes and whistles as much as _______________ years old have been found by archaeologists.

A)40,000
B)75,000
C)100,000
D)500,000
E)1 million

Question 49

The Penobscot traditional tribal collar Jennifer Neptune worked on was originally made during the ________________ century.

A)17th
B)18th
C)19th
D)20th
E)16th

Question 50

The activity of the images in Bushman rock art extended beyond the generation of religious experience to the negotiation of _______________.

A)civil rights
B)human rights
C)land rights
D)water rights
E)political power

Question 51

In Australia,certain ceremonial songs of the Aborigines have taken on a new legal function,being introduced in the courts as legal evidence or early settlement patterns.The ancestors' tracks in these songs are known as _____________________.

A)little songs
B)ancestor songs
C)songlines
D)dreamtime
E)sacred countings

Question 52

An example of a modern urban legend in the United States is one _______________ often told when he was president about an African American woman on welfare.Supposedly,her ability to collect around 103 welfare checks under different names allowed her to live lavishly.Although proven to be false,the story was told as if it were true,as all legends are.

A)Richard Nixon
B)Ronald Reagan
C)Gerald Ford
D)Jimmy Carter
E)George Bush

Question 53

The verbal arts would include which of the following?

A)insults
B)proverbs
C)compliments
D)all of the above
E)only a and c

Question 54

Originally the objects from the tomb of Tut-ankh-amen were made for public display.

Question 55

_______________ typically are found in preliterate societies with a form of state political organization;they serve to transmit and preserve a culture's legal and political precedents and practices.

A)Epics
B)Folk tales
C)Myths
D)Sagas
E)Parables

Question 56

Most anthropologists prefer the term "folklore" to "verbal arts" or "oral traditions."

Question 57

Art in most cultures is primarily aesthetic and nonuseful.

Question 58

By describing an orderly universe,_______________ function to set standards for orderly behavior.

A)myths
B)legends
C)poems
D)tales
E)songs

Question 59

Which Native American group did Jennifer Neptune study and assist?

A)Kwakiutl
B)Penobscot
C)Haida
D)Tewa
E)Navajo

Question 60

Artistic behavior is as basic to human beings as is talking.

Question 61

In the process of construal,the brain tries to make sense of entopic images.

Question 62

The word "myth," as used by anthropologists,means something that is widely believed to be true but probably is not.

Question 63

The word "folklore" is used to distinguish between folk art and fine art.

Question 64

A good way to deepen our insight into the relationship between art and the rest of culture is to examine critically some of the generalizations that have already been made about specific art forms.

Question 65

Music is of little importance in the cultural preservation and revitalization efforts of indigenous peoples.

Question 66

It has been recognized everywhere,that a culture's music has little power to shape identity.

Question 67

Human music may be distinguished from "natural music."

Question 68

Many anthropologists have traced the origin of tales found in the southeast United States to West Africa.

Question 69

?Some form of visual art is a part of every historically known human culture.

Question 70

From the study of people's myths,an anthropologist can learn how the people define their world and the nature of their relationship to this world.

Question 71

To a degree,in literate states (like the United States),the function of legends has been taken over by history.

Question 72

To some extent,in literate societies the function of legends has been taken over by history.

Question 73

Narratives seem to be one of the most difficult of the verbal arts to record or collect.

Question 74

Scale systems and their modifications comprise what is known as ethnomusicology.

Question 75

Culturally specific people,animals,and monsters seen in the deepest stage of trance are called iconic images.

Question 76

The art of the Northwest Coast Indians often portrays actual animals depicted in a naturalistic style.The animals are so real looking it is easy to identify them.

Question 77

Almost anything humans can lay their hands on can become an object of artistic expression-skin,hair,dress,dwellings,vehicles,weapons,utensils,etc.

Question 78

Poetry is not found among the Bedouin because they consider it un-Islamic.

Question 79

Repetition of phrases in music (such as the refrain,"He's got the whole world in his hands")implies lack of invention,and has no social function.

Question 80

An art form that has developed recently is tattooing.It involves the puncturing and coloring of human skin with symbolic designs.