Deck 6: Race and Racism

Question 1

People who believe that civic policies should favor native-born people over immigrants espouse the concept of:

A) eugenics.
B) "home first."
C) nationalism.
D) nativism.
E) Zionism.

Answer 1

nativism.

Question 2

Which term refers to laws implemented after the US Civil War to legally enforce segregation, particularly in the South, after the end of slavery?

A) caste
B) discrimination
C) Jim Crow
D) "darky"
E) antimiscegenation

Answer 2

Jim Crow

Question 3

The idea that government policies should favor people born in the United States over immigrants such as Mexicans or Canadians (legal or otherwise) is known as:

A) eugenics.
B) "home first."
C) nativism.
D) Zionism.
E) nationalism.

Answer 3

nativism.

Question 4

What is a demeaning historical term for interracial marriage?

A) alienation
B) miscegenation
C) mixing
D) maligning
E) degradation

Question 5

Despite different societies' efforts to divide people into different biologically discrete groups, genetic evidence shows that human variation is:

A) bushy.
B) clinal.
C) discontinuous.
D) lineal.
E) separated.

Question 6

The concept that people of European descent are superior to all others is:

A) fascism.
B) Nazi ideology.
C) racism.
D) white supremacy.
E) Zionism.

Question 7

What is a flawed system of classification, with no biological basis, that uses physical characteristics to divide the human population into supposedly discrete groups?

A) ethnicity
B) Linnaean system
C) phylogeny
D) race
E) clinal system

Question 8

The specific inherited genetic patterns of a person or organism are called its:

A) ethnicity.
B) genotype.
C) inheritance.
D) phenotype.
E) race.

Question 9

A historical term meant to belittle and vilify "mixed" marriages is:

A) alienation.
B) degradation.
C) maligning.
D) miscegenation.
E) motley.

Question 10

If a person inherits genes for a dark complexion and blue eyes from his or her parents, this refers to:

A) biome.
B) phenotype.
C) genotype.
D) race.
E) DNA.

Question 11

What rule assigns the children of racially "mixed" unions to the subordinate group?

A) miscegenation
B) hypodescent
C) racialization
D) drop down
E) eugenics

Question 12

Geneticists point out that dividing people by skin color is as logical as dividing them by:

A) brain size.
B) earwax.
C) eyelashes.
D) facial hair.
E) toenails.

Question 13

All human beings of every "race" share what percentage of their DNA?

A) 75 percent
B) 80 percent
C) 90 percent
D) 98 percent
E) 99.9 percent

Question 14

After the Civil War, many states passed laws mandating the segregation of American citizens of European and African descent. These policies were known as:

A) antimiscegenation.
B) caste.
C) discrimination.
D) "darky" laws.
E) Jim Crow.

Question 15

A belief that whites are biologically different from and intellectually superior to people of other races is referred to as:

A) fascism.
B) miscegenation.
C) Nazi ideology.
D) racism.
E) white supremacy.

Question 16

What comprises all of the inherited genetic factors that provide the framework for an organism's physical form?

A) genotype
B) race
C) RNA
D) chromosome
E) phenotype

Question 17

The way people actually look is the result of their genetic traits and the environment they live in. This is known as their:

A) DNA.
B) inheritance.
C) ethnicity.
D) phenotype.
E) race.

Question 18

The way genes are expressed in a person's physical form as the result of genotype interaction with environmental factors refers to that person's:

A) race.
B) ethnicity.
C) phenotype.
D) genetic inheritance.
E) DNA.

Question 19

Many societies in the world divide people into groups based on supposed biological and social/intellectual differences. These groups are called:

A) clines.
B) ethnicities.
C) phylogenies.
D) races.
E) taxa.

Question 20

A person may inherit a genetic pattern for above-average height, but may only reach average height due to poor nutrition. This is an expression of that person's:

A) genotype.
B) phenotype.
C) nature.
D) DNA.
E) cline.

Question 21

To categorize, differentiate, and attribute a particular racial character to a person or group of people is referred to as:

A) stereotyping.
B) racial ideology.
C) discrimination.
D) prejudice.
E) racialization.

Question 22

What study claims to be a science, but in reality only promotes the idea that biological races exist and favors one race over others?

A) fascism
B) Zionism
C) eugenics
D) institutional racism
E) segregation

Question 23

Laws in the United States that allowed such things as "white only" swimming pools, restaurants, schools, beaches, and the like, similar to apartheid in South Africa, were known as:

A) antimiscegenation.
B) Jim Crow.
C) white supremacy.
D) eugenics.
E) segregation.

Question 24

In order to make discriminatory ideas and behavior seem reasonable and normal, societies invoke popular ideas about racial differences that are known as:

A) racial ideology.
B) racialization.
C) nativism.
D) fascism.
E) colonialism.

Question 25

A pseudoscience attempting to scientifically prove the existence of separate human races to improve the population's genetic composition by favoring some races over others is known as:

A) racialization.
B) nativism.
C) institutional racism.
D) eugenics.
E) Aryanism.

Question 26

When a person acts on personal prejudiced beliefs and discriminates against someone based on imagined differences between them, this is referred to as:

A) alienation.
B) individual racism.
C) miscegenation.
D) private racism.
E) profiling.

Question 27

What term describes policies favoring native-born inhabitants over new immigrants?

A) nativism
B) eugenics
C) racism
D) supremacy
E) colonialism

Question 28

When cultural institutions, policies, and systems such as school and justice systems are used to enforce discrimination based on imagined differences among groups, this is known as:

A) racialization.
B) racial ideology.
C) profiling.
D) institutional racism.
E) fascism.

Question 29

A set of popular ideas about race that allows the discriminatory behaviors of individuals and institutions to seem reasonable, rational, and normal is referred to as:

A) colonialism.
B) fascism.
C) nativism.
D) racialization.
E) racial ideology.

Question 30

A marriage between a white person and someone of an "inferior race" was referred to as:

A) degradation.
B) miscegenation.
C) hypodescent.
D) dilution.
E) mixing.

Question 31

To apply stereotypical traits to a group of people based on their "racial" ancestry is called:

A) discrimination.
B) prejudice.
C) racial ideology.
D) racialization.
E) segregation.

Question 32

Wealth is a factor in determining race in what two countries?

A) Brazil and Malaysia
B) the Dominican Republic and Malaysia
C) Brazil and the United States
D) Brazil and the Dominican Republic
E) Malaysia and United States

Question 33

Personal prejudiced beliefs and discriminatory actions based on race constitute:

A) alienation.
B) institutional racism.
C) miscegenation.
D) individual racism.
E) eugenics.

Question 34

Individual thoughts and actions and institutional patterns and policies that create unequal access to power, resources, and opportunities based on imagined differences among groups are referred to as:

A) ethnocentrism.
B) prejudice.
C) racism.
D) ethnocide.
E) genocide.

Question 35

A questionable science that claims to be improving the human race by advocating in favor of certain races and unequal treatment for others is:

A) Aryanism.
B) eugenics.
C) fascism.
D) institutional racism.
E) nativism.

Question 36

Malaysians divide people into three "biological" groups, Brazilians have more than three hundred, and Americans divide people into three, four, or even five of these groups called:

A) clines.
B) ethnicities.
C) phylogenies.
D) biomes.
E) races.

Question 37

Patterns by which racial inequality is structured through key cultural institutions, policies, and systems are referred to as:

A) discrimination.
B) fascism.
C) institutional racism.
D) racial ideology.
E) racialization.

Question 38

The widespread idea in the nineteenth century that it was okay to discriminate against nonwhite people (Italian, Irish, Jewish, and African) because they were biologically different, and not fully human, was called:

A) eugenics.
B) institutional racism.
C) fascism.
D) miscegenation.
E) white supremacy.

Question 39

What is another name for the "one drop rule" that is used for determining race?

A) eugenics
B) racial ideology
C) hypodescent
D) personal racism
E) nativism

Question 40

What is described in the text as "an invisible package of unearned assets" that are the legacy of generations of racial discrimination?

A) white privilege
B) culture of poverty
C) social capital
D) stratified whiteness
E) fascism

Question 41

Practices like segregation that separate groups of people and relegate one group to inferior conditions like run-down schools while the other group gets top-of-the-line schools with the latest equipment is an example of:

A) institutional racism.
B) eugenics.
C) group racism.
D) drop down.
E) fascism.

Question 42

Identify three reasons why anthropologists feel that the concept of "race" is a flawed system of classification, and give an example to support each reason.

Question 43

People from the Middle East have been considered "white" in the United States for some time, but since September 11, anyone with brown skin who seems foreign or strange is now considered "different" and possibly an enemy. This is an example of:

A) discrimination.
B) segregation.
C) eugenics.
D) individual racism.
E) racialization.

Question 44

When one country completely dominates a territory and its people politically, economically, and militarily, it is known as:

A) colonialism.
B) communism.
C) despotism.
D) imperialism.
E) racism.

Question 45

A system of economic, military, and political control of one country over another is referred to as:

A) communism.
B) racism.
C) despotism.
D) imperialism.
E) colonialism.

Question 46

Compare and contrast the concepts "genotype" and "phenotype."

Question 47

A person who believes that Italians are somehow "inferior" and therefore refuses to give an Italian person a job is demonstrating:

A) racist ideology.
B) individual racism.
C) fascism.
D) nativism.
E) eugenics.

Question 48

The tendency of people of European descent in the United States to favor people like themselves and give them the benefit of any doubt is known as:

A) cultural hedging.
B) fascism.
C) social capital.
D) stratified whiteness.
E) white privilege.

Question 49

Explain why geneticists state that dividing people into "races" by skin color is as logical as dividing them by earwax.

Question 50

The British Empire's military, economic, and political control over Malaysia was an aspect of British:

A) colonialism.
B) fascism.
C) imperialism.
D) globalism.
E) raj.

Question 51

A set of ideas about a group of people, such as "All Irishmen are drunks who beat their wives" or "All Arabs are terrorists," that then makes it seem natural and normal to discriminate against them is referred to as:

A) group racism.
B) institutional racism.
C) eugenics.
D) racist ideology.
E) fascism.

Question 52

Explain how the idea of "white" or "whiteness" changed over time in the United States.

Question 53

Explain how and why the "one drop rule" was traditionally used to determine race in American culture.

Question 54

Explain what is meant by the concept of "white privilege."

Question 55

The experience of the African American community of Corona, New York, who prevented developers from degrading their neighborhoods with an elevated train, is an example of:

A) institutional racism.
B) personal racism.
C) racial ideology.
D) resisting racism.
E) reverse racism.

Question 56

Identify three factors that determine race in the Dominican Republic.

Question 57

Explain how and why "Jim Crow" came to the American South.

Question 58

In many countries, members of the dominant ethnic or racial group tend to favor other members of their own group, give them the benefit of any doubt, and take what other members say more seriously. Minorities are often discounted as less important or even hostile for insisting on being treated fairly. In the United States, this is called:

A) white privilege.
B) nepotism.
C) insiders.
D) cronyism.
E) patronage.

Question 59

In at least two cultures discussed in the text, wealth is a factor in determining race. Explain how money can have an effect on racial determination, a supposedly biological classification, and provide an example from the class.

Question 60

Compare and contrast how "races" have been constructed in two different cultures discussed in the text. What similarities are there, and how are they different? What does this tell us about the concept of "race" in general?

Question 61

Explain how European colonial expansion gave rise to "race" and racism.

Question 62

Compare and contrast the concepts of individual racism with institutional racism. Provide examples from the class to support your points.

Question 63

Explain the concept of "racialization" and how it applies to Middle Eastern people in the United States.

Question 64

Explain how the race system developed in Malaysia.

Question 65

Explain how race is constructed in Brazil.