Deck 13: Intelligent Information Systems

Question 1

Intelligent agents are used for virtual catalogs.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Information systems can be added to a decision support system's (DSS's) model base component to incorporate fuzzy sets in the model-building process.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Problems involving a combination of the five senses, such as taste and smell, are not suitable for expert systems.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Fuzzy logic is used in refrigerators that set defrosting and cooling times based on usage patterns.

Question 5

In an examination evaluation expert system, the _____ component of the expert system is responsible for stating why a candidate passed or failed in an examination.

A) explanation facility
B) user interface
C) inference engine
D) meta-knowledge

Question 6

The user interface component of an expert system provides user-friendly access to the expert system.

Question 7

__________consists of related technologies that try to simulate and reproduce human thought behavior, including thinking, speaking, feeling, and reasoning.

A) Cloud computing
B) Data mining
C) Artificial intelligence
D) Grid computing
E) Select

Question 8

Robots are one of the most successful applications of artificial intelligence (AI).

Question 9

An expert system should be used when well-structured numerical problems are involved.

Question 10

In the context of fuzzy logic, which of the following defines membership in a black-or-white fashion?

A) A crisp set
B) A coded set
C) A mutable set
D) A dynamic set

Question 11

An expert system is not a good choice when a lot of human expertise is needed to tackle a problem.

Question 12

In the context of information technology, the "what-is" decision-making analysis is used in systems that have the capability to report real-time information and predict what could happen in the future.

Question 13

Which of the following statements is true of personal robots?

A) They have limited mobility.
B) They have sensory capabilities.
C) They have no speech capabilities.
D) They are used mostly in the manufacturing industry.

Question 14

Decision makers use the "what-is" analysis to monitor the effect of a change in one or more variables.

Question 15

TVs that adjust screen color and texture for each frame and stabilize the volume based on the viewer's location in the room demonstrates the use of _____.

A) fuzzy logic
B) finite automata
C) artificial neural capabilities
D) virtual reality simulations

Question 16

Robots can be used in environments that are hazardous to humans.

Question 17

Artificial intelligence (AI) applications and technologies are more intelligent than traditional information systems.

Question 18

Some robots have limited vision that is useful for locating and picking up objects, as long as the objects are isolated from other objects.

Question 19

Contextual computing lacks the ability to tailor a course of action to a user in a particular situation and environment based on what it knows about the user.

Question 20

For expert systems to be successful, they must be applied to an activity that human experts have not handled in the past.

Question 21

Which of the following components of an expert system uses forward and backward chaining to manipulate a series of rules?

A) An explanation facility
B) A knowledge base
C) A user interface
D) An inference engine

Question 22

__________are used when data is fuzzy and uncertainty is involved.

A) Virtual reality simulations
B) Artificial neural networks
C) Backtracking algorithms
D) Monitoring and surveillance agents
E) Select

Question 23

In a natural-language processing (NLP) system, the__________activity involves using the computer to read large amounts of text and understanding the information well enough to summarize important points and store information so that the system can respond to inquiries about the content.

A) interfacing
B) knowledge acquisition
C) analysis
D) data warehousing
E) Select

Question 24

Explanation capabilities can be added to a decision support system (DSS) by integrating it with a(n) _____.

A) expert system
B) artificial neural network
C) database management library
D) natural-language processing system

Question 25

In the context of the different techniques used by an inference engine to manipulate a series of rules, in__________, a series of "if-then-else" condition pairs is performed.

A) forward chaining
B) backward chaining
C) inductive reasoning
D) abductive reasoning
E) Select

Question 26

__________is a problem-solving technique where each problem in a database is stored with a description and keywords that identify it.

A) Rule-based reasoning
B) Inductive reasoning
C) Abductive reasoning
D) Case-based reasoning
E) Select

Question 27

_____ usually track and report on computer equipment and network systems to predict when a system crash or failure might occur.

A) Routing agents
B) Monitoring and surveillance agents
C) Data-mining and data-warehousing agents
D) Personal agents

Question 28

In the context of the components of a typical expert system, a__________is a software package with manual or automated methods for acquiring and incorporating new rules and facts so that the expert system is capable of growth.

A) knowledge base
B) monitoring and surveillance agent
C) knowledge acquisition facility
D) personal agent
E) Select

Question 29

In the backward chaining technique, used by the inference engine component of an expert system, the expert system starts with the goal, which is the _____ part, and backtracks to find the right solution.

A) if
B) then
C) else
D) what-is

Question 30

In the context of the knowledge base component of an expert system, _____ enables an expert system to learn from experience and examine and extract relevant facts to determine the path to a solution.

A) meta-knowledge
B) factual knowledge
C) heuristic knowledge
D) dominant knowledge

Question 31

In a natural-language processing (NLP) system, the__________activity involves accepting human language as input, carrying out the corresponding command, and generating the necessary output.

A) interfacing
B) knowledge acquisition
C) analysis
D) data warehousing
E) Select

Question 32

_____ is an example of an expert system that can be applied to various financial applications.

A) DENDRAL
B) ASIMO
C) Shyster
D) PortBlue

Question 33

In the context of intelligent agents, a _____ displays product descriptions based on customers' previous experiences and preferences.

A) mirror site
B) generic report
C) virtual catalog
D) heuristic machine

Question 34

_____ was the first expert system developed to determine the chemical structure of molecules.

A) ASIMO
B) SHINE
C) DENDRAL
D) COGITO

Question 35

_____ are used with neural networks and fuzzy logic systems to solve scheduling, engineering design, and marketing problems.

A) Quick response codes
B) Biometric systems
C) Genetic algorithms
D) Feasibility prototypes

Question 36

In the context of adding artificial intelligence (AI) technologies to a decision support system's model base component, _____ can be added to include heuristics in the model base's analysis capabilities.

A) expert systems
B) firmware
C) spyware
D) virtual reality systems

Question 37

_____ are software capable of reasoning and following rule-based processes.

A) Case-based reasoning systems
B) Intelligent agents
C) Enterprise resource planning systems
D) Quick Response codes

Question 38

A(n) _____ consists of programs that mimic human thought behavior in a specific area that human specialists have solved successfully.

A) database system
B) spiral model
C) evolutionary model
D) expert system

Question 39

The size and complexity of the human language has made developing _____ difficult.

A) natural-language processing systems
B) database management systems
C) human biometric systems
D) virtual-reality language learning systems

Question 40

The _____ characteristic of an intelligent agent demonstrates its ability to learn from previous knowledge and go beyond information given previously.

A) autonomy
B) adaptability
C) reactivity
D) mobility

Question 41

Intelligent agents demonstrate _____, which is the ability to select problems or situations that need attention and act on them.

A) adaptability
B) collaborative behavior
C) humanlike interface
D) reactivity

Question 42

Which of the following is a difference between information systems and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies?

A) Unlike AI technologies, information systems are programmed by knowledge engineers.
B) Unlike AI technologies, information systems are concerned with capturing and storing data.
C) Unlike information systems, AI technologies are concerned with retrieving and working with data.
D) Unlike information systems, AI technologies are designed and developed by system analysts.

Question 43

In an airline reservation system, on entering the flight number, the flight schedule and the flight status are displayed. In this scenario, the _____ decision-making analysis has been used to display the desired results on the system.

A) if-else
B) if-continue
C) what-if
D) what-is

Question 44

In the context of the types of decision-making analyses, the__________is used in decision support systems.

A) case-based analysis
B) what-is analysis
C) what-if analysis
D) rule-based analysis
E) Select

Question 45

_____ is a programming language used for controlling robots.

A) Extensible Markup Language
B) Variable Assembly Language
C) Maya Embedded Language
D) Digital Command Language

Question 46

__________allows a smooth, gradual transition between human and computer vocabularies and deals with variations in linguistic terms by using a degree of membership.

A) Fuzzy logic
B) Digital analysis
C) Data mining
D) Finite automata
E) Select

Question 47

_____ was developed so that users could communicate with computers in human language.

A) Cryptanalysis
B) Natural-language processing
C) Context-aware software
D) Personal agent technology

Question 48

In the context of decision makers using information technology, which of the following decision-making analyses is available in spreadsheet programs, such as Microsoft Excel?

A) The if-else analysis
B) The if-continue analysis
C) The what-if analysis
D) The what-is analysis

Question 49

__________mimic human expertise in a particular field to solve a problem in a well-defined area.

A) Expert systems
B) Finite-state machines
C) Turing machines
D) Fuzzy logic systems
E) Select

Question 50

__________mimic the process of natural evolution to generate solutions to optimization and search problems.

A) Genetic algorithms
B) Greedy algorithms
C) Firefly algorithms
D) Backtracking algorithms
E) Select

Question 51

The _____ characteristic of an intelligent agent demonstrates the agent's ability to migrate from one platform to another with a minimum of human intervention.

A) reactivity
B) adaptability
C) autonomy
D) mobility

Question 52

Learning capabilities can be added to a decision support system (DSS) by integrating it with a(n) _____.

A) expert system
B) artificial neural network
C) database management library
D) natural-language processing system

Question 53

In the context of the types of decision-making analyses, the__________is commonly used in transaction-processing systems and management information systems.

A) what-if analysis
B) what-is analysis
C) case-based analysis
D) rule-based analysis
E) Select

Question 54

_____ is an expert system used for monitoring what consumers are saying in blogs, comment sections, message boards, and Web-based articles.

A) ASIMO
B) SHINE
C) COGITO
D) DENDRAL

Question 55

Which of the following is an example of context-aware software?

A) Apple's Siri
B) Google Chat
C) Yahoo's doodle pad
D) YouTube

Question 56

_____ are networks that learn and are capable of performing tasks that are difficult with conventional computers.

A) Storage area networks
B) Artificial neural networks
C) Enterprise private networks
D) Virtual private networks

Question 57

A _____ can be used to perform specific tasks for a user, such as remembering information for filling out Web forms.

A) surveillance agent
B) shopping agent
C) data-mining agent
D) personal agent

Question 58

A natural-language processing (NLP) system provides a question-and-answer setting that is particularly useful with _____.

A) turing machines
B) simulations
C) databases
D) virtual terminals

Question 59

In the forward chaining technique, used by the inference engine component of an expert system, the _____ condition is evaluated first.

A) if
B) then
C) what-is
D) what-else

Question 60

In design and implementation of any _____ application, there are 4 Rs involved: retrieve, reuse, revise, and retain.

A) rule-based reasoning
B) abductive reasoning
C) deductive reasoning
D) case-based reasoning

Question 61

In the context of the components of a typical expert system,__________is similar to a database, but in addition to storing facts and figures, it keeps track of rules and explanations associated with facts.

A) a knowledge acquisition facility
B) a knowledge base
C) factual knowledge
D) heuristic knowledge
E) Select

Question 62

The _____ characteristic of a sophisticated intelligent agent demonstrates its ability to interact with users in a more natural language.

A) humanlike interface
B) adaptability
C) collaborative behavior
D) reactivity

Question 63

_____ use patterns to find solutions instead of using the if-then-else rules that expert systems use.

A) Virtual reality simulators
B) Artificial neural networks
C) Turing machines
D) Heuristic machines

Question 64

The _____ characteristic of a sophisticated intelligent agent demonstrates its ability to operate with minimum input.

A) reactivity
B) mobility
C) autonomy
D) adaptability

Question 65

Data-mining agents work with a _____, detecting trends and discovering new information and relationships among data items that were not readily apparent.

A) data warehouse
B) knowledge base
C) data catalog
D) knowledge hub

Question 66

_____ can serve as search engines, site reminders, or personal surfing assistants.

A) Monitoring and surveillance agents
B) Heuristic-data agents
C) Data-mining agents
D) Shopping and information agents

Question 67

GeneHunter is a hybrid product that combines artificial intelligence (AI) technologies using _____.

A) natural-language processing
B) speech systems
C) genetic algorithms
D) biometric systems

Question 68

Adding deductive reasoning to traditional database management system (DBMS) functions is a benefit of integrating an expert system into the database component of a(n) _____.

A) transaction processing system
B) decision support system
C) global positioning system
D) executive information system

Question 69

A(n)__________is the component of an expert system that performs tasks similar to what a human expert does by explaining to end users how recommendations are derived.

A) user interface
B) explanation facility
C) inference engine
D) knowledge base
E) Select

Question 70

In the context of an expert system, a _____ works with the knowledge base management system to ensure that the knowledge base is as up to date as possible.

A) knowledge mining tool
B) knowledge acquisition facility
C) knowledge inference engine
D) meta-knowledge system

Question 71

In the context of the components of an expert system, a(n) _____ is similar to the model base component of a decision support system.

A) user interface
B) knowledge base
C) inference engine
D) explanation facility

Question 72

In the context of applications of artificial intelligence (AI), _____ perform well at simple, repetitive tasks and can be used to free workers from tedious or hazardous jobs.

A) robots
B) electronic trackers
C) data mining agents
D) firewalls

Question 73

_____ is one of the Rs involved in design and implementation of any case-based reasoning (CBR) application.

A) React
B) Reserve
C) Reason
D) Retain

Question 74

A__________provides an easier way for people to communicate with a computer than a graphical user interface (GUI).

A) data mining system
B) transaction-processing system
C) natural-language processing system
D) data abstraction system
E) Select

Question 75

Intelligent agents are also known as _____.

A) loggers
B) bots
C) reactors
D) routers

Question 76

Which of the following statements is true of case-based reasoning (CBR)?

A) It solves a problem by going through a series of if-then-else rules.
B) Each problem and its corresponding solution are stored on a global network.
C) Each case in a database shares a common description and keyword.
D) It matches a new problem with a previously solved problem and its solution.

Question 77

Which of the following statements is true of integrating an expert system into the database component of a decision support system (DSS)?

A) It reduces access speed.
B) It adds the capability to handle fuzzy data.
C) It adds inductive reasoning to traditional database management system functions.
D) It increases the time and cost of calculating data for models.

Question 78

_____ consist of common sense, rules of thumb, educated guesses, and instinctive judgments.

A) Turing machines
B) Heuristics
C) Quick response codes
D) Swift codes

Question 79

_____ is designed to help computers simulate vagueness and uncertainty in common situations.

A) Virtual reality
B) Nanotechnology
C) Fuzzy logic
D) Turing machine

Question 80

The knowledge base component of an expert system must include _____, which consists of rules related to a problem or discipline.

A) meta-knowledge
B) heuristic knowledge
C) factual knowledge
D) subjective knowledge