Deck 11: Sexual Orientation

Question 1

Erin is like most people in most cultures in the way she takes heterosexuality for granted.This is referred to as ________.

A)heterophobic
B)homophiles
C)homoerotic
D)heterocentric

Answer 1

D
Explanation: We live in a heterocentric culture where heterosexuality is taken for granted.

Question 2

In ________ states, adoption for nonheterosexual couples is an option.

A)a few
B)a couple of
C)many
D)all

Answer 2

C
Explanation: In most states, adoption is an option for gay couples.

Question 3

Sam has been given a copy of the Heterosexual Questionnaire.This handout includes all of the following questions except ________.

A)When did you first decide you were a heterosexual?
B)What do you think caused your heterosexuality?
C)Why do heterosexuals place so much emphasis on sex?
D)Why do gay people feel they need to flaunt it?

Answer 3

D
Explanation: The Heterosexual Questionnaire contains a list of questions that are frequently asked of gay and lesbian individuals, but the orientation has been altered to heterosexual.

Question 4

All of the following are myths and misconceptions about gay and lesbian relationships except:

A)Most gay and lesbians are unable to form close enduring romantic relationships and prefer to be promiscuous.
B)Gay and lesbian relationships are more likely to be unhappy and dysfunctional than are heterosexual relationships.
C)Most lesbians and gays are isolated from society and do not have meaningful social support networks.
D)The overall relationship satisfaction and quality are about the same for gay and lesbian relationships as for heterosexual relationships.

Question 5

Jen and Laurie are a lesbian couple.If they want to become pregnant they may do all of the following except ________.

A)have sexual intercourse with a man
B)do-it-yourself artificial techniques carried out at home
C)ART techniques carried out in a medical setting
D)use HCG

Question 6

The quote by Malcolm Boyd, a gay man and chaplain, was used to demonstrate that ________.

A)individuals of all sexual orientations experience similar attractions, emotions, and attitudes about love and relationships
B)gay men have a greater emphasis on the sexual component of their relationships
C)both heterosexuals and homosexuals can learn to be bisexual
D)discrimination has had both a positive and negative effect on gay relationships

Question 7

Bethany lives in a state that has legalized marriage for same-sex couples; she lives in ________.

A)Massachusetts
B)Alabama
C)North Dakota
D)Missouri

Question 8

Which of these terms is most different in meaning from the others?

A)homosexual
B)lesbian
C)transsexual
D)gay

Question 9

The presumption of heterosexuality is known as ________.

A)homophobia
B)heterophobia
C)heterocentrism
D)homophilia

Question 10

All of the following states have passed laws that allow same-sex civil unions or domestic partnerships except ________.

A)Oregon
B)Virgina
C)Maine
D)Nevada

Question 11

A "0" on the Kinsey's sexual orientation rating scale would mean ________.

A)exclusively homosexual
B)exclusively heterosexual
C)someone who is not sure of their orientation
D)someone who has no sexual experiences

Question 12

Which of these men is most clearly demonstrating that he has a homosexual orientation?

A)a man who is sexually attracted only to men, though he has not yet engaged in homosexual behavior
B)a man who has occasional fantasies about homosexual behaviors while having sexual intercourse with his female lover
C)a man who has sex with his wife twice a week, and occasionally allows other men to give him oral sex in public bathrooms
D)a man who has had sex with both men and women, but more times with men

Question 13

According to the American Psychological Association, sexual orientation is viewed as a(n) ________.

A)continuum
B)bipolar model
C)either/or phenomenon
D)dichotomous model

Question 14

All of the following is true about the Defense of Marriage Act except that it ________.

A)exists in 39 states
B)defines marriage as a union of a man and a woman
C)allows gay marriages from other states to be recognized on a limited basis
D)allows states not to recognize gay marriages that may have formed in other states.

Question 15

Children who are raised by gay parents ________.

A)are more likely to be gay themselves
B)grow up less likely to marry
C)grow up as well-adjusted as those raised by heterosexual couples
D)are less tolerant of differences in relationships

Question 16

________ refers to the sex of the individuals to whom a person is primarily romantically, affectionately, and sexually attracted.

A)Gender identity
B)Sexual orientation
C)Gender
D)Self-concept

Question 17

What we know about bisexuality includes all of the following except that bisexuals are ________.

A)not people who are trying to hide that they are actually gay or lesbian
B)subject to the same prejudice and discrimination by the heterosexual majority, but they encounter it in the gay world, too
C)not more highly sexed than any other group of people
D)confused about their sexual orientation

Question 18

All of the following countries have extended gay couples the right to marry with all the rights bestowed on heterosexual married couples except ________.

A)Mexico
B)Canada
C)Spain
D)The Netherlands

Question 19

A bisexual is a person who ________.

A)is really a homosexual who has not yet "come out of the closet"
B)has not formed a clear sexual orientation
C)can enjoy and engage in sexual activity with members of both sexes, or recognizes a desire to do so, without any clear preference
D)wants to have sex with two people (male and female) at the same time

Question 20

Most historians trace the true beginning of the current, powerful gay rights movement to the ________.

A)civil rights marches on Washington, DC
B)first Gay Pride parade in Boston
C)Stonewall riot in New York City
D)bath house raids in San Francisco

Question 21

According to the text, at this time about ________ of sexual orientation can be explained by genetic influences.

A)10%-20%
B)25%-35%
C)40%-50%
D)75%-85%

Question 22

When gay people choose to live a life that is honest and open about their sexual orientation, all of the following have been found to be true except that they are ________.

A)happier and healthier
B)psychologically better adjusted to life in general
C)better able to develop close and mutually satisfying friendships and romantic relationships
D)more likely to increase the number of sexual partners

Question 23

Researchers have discovered a possible biological basis for sexual orientation that has become known as "the older brother effect," meaning ________.

A)as the number of older brothers a man has decreases, his chances of being gay increases
B)as the number of older brothers a woman has increases, so do her chances of being lesbian
C)as the number of older brothers a man has increases, so do his chances of being gay
D)the oldest brother is more likely to be gay

Question 24

________ reflects the fact that in a society which is largely rejecting at best and dangerously hostile at worst, nonheterosexuals typically spend a portion of their lives hiding their true sexual orientation from everyone.

A)Coming out
B)Leaving home
C)Accommodation
D)Assimilation

Question 25

Two of the more widely accepted models of the coming out process reflect a gradual step-like progression, including ________.

A)identity confusion.
B)identify assumption.
C)identity acceptance.
D)all of the above.

Question 26

Simon LeVay's research on brain differences of a small group of heterosexual and homosexual men ________.

A)proves brain differences cause sexual orientation
B)suggests a correlation between brain differences and sexual orientation
C)found no difference in heterosexual and homosexual men's brains
D)discovered the third interstitial nucleus was larger in men who were homosexual

Question 27

Aaron, like many gay people, recognizes that one of the dangers of coming out is ________.

A)rejection by friends and/or family
B)eviction or denial of housing
C)loss of job
D)all of the above could be experienced

Question 28

Comparing MRI and PET scans of brains of homosexual and heterosexual individuals, researchers have found the brains of gay men to be ________.

A)similar to straight women
B)similar to lesbian women
C)similar to straight men
D)no different

Question 29

Research using identical twins indicates that ________.

A)sexual orientation is not genetically determined
B)there is nearly a 100% match - when one twin is gay or lesbian, so is his or her twin
C)when one member of a pair of identical twins is gay or lesbian, the chances are higher that the other twin will share that same sexual orientation
D)the environment plays an equal role to genetics

Question 30

Anthony learns that the suggestion that sexual orientation may have a biological basis can be seen in studies that show all of the following except ________.

A)differences in the size of the third interstitial nucleus of the brain
B)that lesbians and gays are more likely to be left-handed
C)differences in how sound is processed by heterosexuals and homosexuals
D)differences in shoe size

Question 31

Rodney is studying the link between hormones and one's orientation.The research suggests that hormones probably affect one's sexual orientation ________.

A)while the fetus is in the uterus
B)during puberty
C)during adulthood
D)during the phallic stage of psychosexual development

Question 32

When looking at research comparing the relationships of gay and lesbian couples to heterosexual couples, which of these statements is FALSE?

A)Gay and lesbian couples use more humor and withdraw affection less.
B)Heterosexual couples tend to be less hostile and controlling toward one another.
C)Gay and lesbian couples establish an equal balance of relationship power.
D)Heterosexual couples are less able to calm down, soothe each other, and move past a problem as quickly as a gay or lesbian couple.

Question 33

Today, widespread scientific support exists about the origins of sexual orientation that shows ________.

A)how one is raised is the most important role in sexual orientation.
B)genes play an important role in sexual orientation.
C)environment plays the most important role in sexual orientation.
D)being the oldest increases your chances of being gay.

Question 34

The research on the index/ring finger "ratio" has found ________.

A)the difference in index and ring finger length is greater in gay men than women
B)the index/ring finger ratio in lesbian women is more similar to that of men
C)there is no difference for lesbian women and gay men
D)gay men have a longer ring finger than heterosexual men

Question 35

Some have suggested that the underpinnings of the search for the cause of sexual orientation are based on negative attitudes about homosexuality, including all of the following except that it is ________.

A)unnatural
B)chosen
C)immoral and sinful
D)natural

Question 36

Beginning the process of coming out starts in all of the following life stages except ________.

A)in childhood
B)in adolescence
C)in adulthood
D)in utero

Question 37

Compare Jon, who is gay, to his teenage classmate Sid, who is not gay.What we know from the research is that Jon has a ________ rate of psychological adjustment problems including depressions, drug abuse, eating disorders, and homelessness as compared to Sid.

A)lower rate
B)similar
C)higher rate
D)unknown

Question 38

Which of the following is NOT true of the exotic becomes erotic theory of sexual orientation developed by Daryl Bem?

A)It considers both biological and environmental factors.
B)It is designed to explain both heterosexuality and homosexuality.
C)It suggests that gay men and lesbians are more likely to have gender-nonconforming behaviors in childhood.
D)It suggests that those who have gender-conforming behavior are more likely to develop erotic feelings for the same sex.

Question 39

Studies cited in the text that were looking at the possible hormonal explanations for gay, lesbian, and bisexual orientations focused on all of the following except ________.

A)index/ring finger ratio
B)the older brother effect
C)exposure to DES
D)spinal column length

Question 40

Irene is excited to learn about the link between sexual orientation and siblings.The studies she has reviewed have found that, on average, gay men have a greater number of ________.

A)younger brothers
B)younger sisters
C)older brothers
D)older sisters

Question 41

One study described in the text to support reaction formation theory found that those men who scored highest on homophobia became ________.

A)turned off by viewing a gay male video
B)sexually aroused in response to a gay male video
C)unable to stop thinking about gay men
D)irritable and hostile

Question 42

Violent crimes against gay and lesbian individuals are the ________ most common category of hate crimes.

A)third
B)fifth
C)ninth
D)tenth

Question 43

Because the first cases of AIDS in the U.S.were found among young gay men, the researchers originally referred to the illness as ________.

A)GMHC: gay men's health crisis
B)GRID: gay-related immune deficiency
C)GUMP: genital-urological medical problem
D)GARC: gay auto-regression crisis

Question 44

Certain state and federal antidiscrimination laws specify characteristics of groups that are protected under these laws, such as race, religion, sex (male or female), age, or disability.These are referred to as ________.

A)protected classes
B)specialty groups
C)discriminated groups
D)hate crime groups

Question 45

________ laws have allowed for more stringent penalties for violent crimes that can be shown to have been motivated by bias or prejudice toward a protected class of people.

A)Discrimination
B)Hate crime
C)Gay-bashing
D)Anti-crime

Question 46

In the past, all states in the U.S.enacted ________ laws which prohibited people from engaging in certain sexual acts that were considered strange, deviant, or immoral.

A)antisex
B)sodomy
C)antigay
D)censorship

Question 47

Terrence is a "gay basher." Reaction formation suggests that people like this may themselves be ________.

A)in deep denial that they themselves are closeted homosexuals
B)turned on by the thought of hurting a gay person
C)unable to control their sexual urges
D)fearing for their own safety

Question 48

Worldwide, the vast majority of HIV infections are due to ________.

A)homosexual contact
B)needle exchanges
C)heterosexual contact
D)blood transfusions

Question 49

Tim suffers from an extreme fear, discomfort, or hatred of gay and lesbian people.This is defined as ________.

A)hetercentrism
B)homophila
C)homophobia
D)heterosexism

Question 50

One argument for opposing antidiscrimination laws regarding sexual orientation is the claim that the ________ Amendment of the U.S.Constitution forbids all discrimination against any group, including, by default, people of any sexual orientation.

A)Sixth
B)Tenth
C)Fourteenth
D)Eighteenth

Question 51

Although HIV is not a "gay disease," gay people are discriminated against based on irrational and misinformed beliefs about the illness; this form of discrimination has become known as ________.

A)gay stigma
B)AIDS blame
C)gay pride
D)AIDS stigma

Question 52

Negative effects of AIDS stigma might include ________.

A)increased discrimination toward nonheterosexual individuals regardless of HIV status
B)fear, delay, and avoidance of HIV testing
C)hiding infection from potential sexual partners
D)all of the above

Question 53

Gary suffers from irrational anti-gay attitudes and behaviors.One motivation proposed to explain this is a psychological defense mechanism called a(n) ________.

A)extreme homophobic
B)excessive fear of gayness
C)reaction formation
D)reaction disease

Question 54

Seth is an out gay male.Depending on the state he works in, he could be ________ based solely because he is gay.

A)denied housing
B)denied a job
C)fired from a job
D)all of the above

Question 55

Nancy is surprised to learn that hate crimes against gay and lesbian individuals are ________.

A)about the same as a decade ago
B)on the increase
C)rare
D)always reported

Question 56

One study found that nearly ________ of gay or bisexual male teens had attempted suicide.

A)10%
B)20%
C)30%
D)60%

Question 57

The 2003 U.S.Supreme Court decision which in effect negated all sodomy laws in the remaining 14 states was ________.

A)Harold v.Houston
B)Baird v.Connecticut
C)Lawrence v.Texas
D)ACLU v.Alabama

Question 58

Jane identifies as a lesbian.If Jane's college experience is like that of many other gay, lesbian, and bisexual students, ________.

A)it remains a difficult challenge
B)it is an easy transition and a big relief
C)gay services and support are universally available on college campuses
D)most universities have many "out" faculty

Question 59

The brutal abduction, beating, and killing of Wyoming college student ________ in 1998 brought the issue of violence directed at gays to a higher level of public awareness.

A)Matthew Shepard
B)Billy Jack Gathier
C)Charlie Howard
D)Sam Stoner

Question 60

At the time of this textbook's publication, ________ countries worldwide have passed national legislation forbidding discrimination based on sexual orientation.

A)less than 10%
B)10%-20%
C)25%
D)33%

Question 61

Sexual orientation is different from sexual behavior because it refers to feelings and self-concept.

Question 62

Research suggests that the index-to-ring finger ratio in lesbian women is more similar to that of men.

Question 63

The "older brother effect" suggests that as the number of older brothers a man has increases, so do his chances of being gay.

Question 64

Bisexual refers to someone who wants to have sex with a man and a woman at the same time.

Question 65

Homosexual refers to anyone who has had sex with a same-sex person.

Question 66

Compared to other countries such as Canada, Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Spain, the United States has moved swiftly to accept gay marriage.

Question 67

The Heterosexual Questionnaire is used to help guide you in your understanding of your sexual orientation.

Question 68

Relationship satisfaction and quality are about the same regardless of the sexes of the couple.

Question 69

Researchers have been placing an increased focus on genes as a potential source of human behaviors and personality traits, including sexual orientation.

Question 70

The reason Gary is gay is most likely because he was molested during his childhood by an adult male.

Question 71

Most bisexuals are actually homosexuals who can't make up their minds.

Question 72

Homosexual men are more likely to have had domineering or overly protective mothers and weak, distant fathers.

Question 73

One of the most common mistakes many heterosexuals make about nonheterosexuals is assuming that what defines someone as gay or lesbian is simply their sexual behavior.

Question 74

What Nora learns from reading her human sexuality textbook is that civil unions provide the same benefits as legal marriage.

Question 75

The story told at the beginning of the chapter was about one student's journey as he discovered and accepted his sexual orientation.

Question 76

Many states have passed "defense of marriage" acts which specifically limit marriage to opposite-sex couples and forbid same sex marriages.

Question 77

Bisexuals are not more highly sexed or promiscuous than any other group of people.

Question 78

Kinsey's sexual orientation rating system offers a dichotomous choice: heterosexual or homosexual.

Question 79

Clearly, prejudice and discrimination based on nonheterosexual orientation still exist, but now the discriminators are the ones more likely to be breaking the law.

Question 80

What we know from Simon LeVay's research on brain differences in heterosexual and homosexual men is that it opened the scientific door on the possibility that sexual orientation might be rooted in biological, rather than environmental causes.