Deck 12: Meiosis

Question 1

Figure 12.4
Refer to Figure 12.4.Put the stages of meiosis shown here in the order that they would occur in a cell.

A)a,c,d,b
B)c,a,b,d
C)c,a,d,b
D)a,b,c,d

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Centromeres split and sister chromosomes migrate to opposite poles in _____.

A)anaphase I
B)telophase I
C)anaphase II
D)telophase II

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Hexaploid wheat was produced synthetically by He and co-workers.They mated the diploid species,Aegilops tauschii,and the tetraploid species,T.turgidum.Which of the following is an accurate statement about the relative contribution of each parent to the genome of the hexaploid offspring?

A)Each parent contributed equally to the genome of the offspring.
B)Aegilops tauschii contributed four chromosomes by failing to complete meiosis after chromosome replication,and T.turgidum contributed two chromosomes.
C)Aegilops tauschii contributed two chromosomes,and T.turgidum contributed four chromosomes.
D)The hexaploid number appeared following mitosis with no subsequent cell division.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Figure 12.5
Male grasshoppers (such as the karyotype type shown here),have a single X chromosome.How many chromosomes would be in a sperm cell from this grasshopper?

A)11
B)12
C)22
D)23

Question 5

Crossover,the exchange of segments of homologous chromosomes,takes place during which of the following processes?

A)prophase II
B)metaphase I
C)anaphase I
D)synapsis

Question 6

The egg of a fruit fly has 4 chromosomes.How many chromosomes are in a somatic cell of a fruit fly?

A)4
B)2
C)8
D)16

Question 7

Chromosome number of hexaploid wheat,Triticum aestivum,can be represented by which of the following?

A)n
B)2n
C)4n
D)6n

Question 8

Figure 12.3
In Figure 12.3,what major event is taking place during this phase of meiosis?

A)anaphase II
B)anaphase
C)homologues separate
D)separation of sister chromatids

Question 9

In the snail Pomacea patula catemacensis n = 13.What is the diploid number for this organism?

A)13
B)26
C)52
D)7

Question 10

For the duration of meiosis I,each chromosome is _____.

A)in the form of a tetrad
B)two sister chromatids joined by a centromere
C)a chromosome and its homologue
D)undergoing synapsis

Question 11

What is a major difference between mitosis and meiosis I?

A)Sister chromatids separate in mitosis,and homologues separate in meiosis I.
B)DNA replication takes place prior to mitosis,but not before meiosis I.
C)Sister chromatids separate in mitosis,and homologues separate in meiosis II.
D)Only meiosis I results in daughter cells that contain identical genetic information.

Question 12

What is a major difference between meiosis II and mitosis?

A)Homologues align on the metaphase plate in meiosis II.
B)Sister chromatids separate in mitosis,and homologues separate in meiosis II.
C)Meiosis II takes place in a haploid cell,while mitosis takes place in diploid cells.
D)Crossover takes place in meiosis II.

Question 13

At what stage of meiosis does DNA replication take place?

A)DNA replication does not take place in cells destined to undergo meiosis.
B)prophase I
C)between meiosis I and meiosis II
D)None.DNA replication occurs before meiosis I begins.

Question 14

Homologous chromosomes _____.

A)are identical
B)carry information for the same traits
C)carry the same alleles
D)align on the metaphase plate in meiosis II

Question 15

Chromosomes and their homologues align at the equator of the cell during _____.

A)telophase I
B)metaphase I
C)telophase II
D)metaphase II

Question 16

Which of the following processes contributes directly to genetic variation?

A)binary fission
B)mitosis
C)meiosis
D)DNA replication

Question 17

Homologous chromosomes are separated during _____.

A)anaphase II
B)prophase I
C)mitosis
D)anaphase I

Question 18

Meiosis involves the creation of haploid cells from diploid cells.The haploid chromosome number is created when _____.

A)homologous chromosomes separate
B)the S phase of the cell cycle is bypassed during meiotic interphase
C)sister chromatids separate
D)ova and sperm go through their respective maturation processes

Question 19

During which phase of meiosis would the cell first become haploid because homologous chromosomes
Separate?

A)anaphase I
B)metaphase I
C)anaphase II
D)telophase II

Question 20

Somatic cells of roundworms have four chromosomes.How many chromosomes would you find in an ovum from a roundworm?

A)four
B)two
C)eight
D)a diploid number

Question 21

In 1985 Hassold and Chiu found that the likelihood of miscarriage increased with maternal age.What is the most likely explanation for the relationship between age and miscarriage?

A)Women in their mid-thirties and older have more health problems that interfere with their ability to maintain pregnancy.
B)Older women typically have hormonal imbalances that prevent them from carrying a baby to term.
C)The DNA replication that takes place immediately prior to meiosis is less accurate in older women.
D)Ova are arrested in meiosis until ovulation.As a result,completion of meiosis in the older woman is more likely to result in aneuploidy or other chromosomal abnormalities.

Question 22

If meiosis produces haploid cells,how is the diploid number restored for those organisms that spend most of their life cycle in the diploid state?

A)DNA replication
B)reverse transcription
C)synapsis
D)fertilization

Question 23

Asexual reproduction takes place by which of the following processes?

A)meiosis
B)fertilization
C)chromosome exchange between organisms of the same species
D)mitosis

Question 24

Which of the following is an example of monosomy?

A)Turner's syndrome
B)Klinefelter's syndrome
C)Down's syndrome
D)trisomy X

Question 25

What happens when an individual has an odd number of chromosome sets (e.g. ,triploidy)?

A)They produce offspring with an even number of chromosome sets (e.g. ,tetraploid,hexaploid).
B)Their offspring are often sterile.
C)They go through three sets of meiosis (meiosis I,meiosis II,and meiosis III)
D)Their cells are unable to complete meiosis.

Question 26

Why might the incidence of trisomy from maternal origin be higher than that from paternal origin?

Source:
Hassold,T. ,Chiu,D.Human Genetics.1985;70(1):
11-17. )

A)Eggs are arrested in meiosis in the mother from approximately birth until ovulation.
B)Sperm travel to the site of fertilization,and an extra chromosome may slow them down.
C)Eggs move little from their site of release to the site of fertilization.
D)All of the above are possible explanations for the higher incidence of trisomy of maternal origin.

Question 27

Which of the following would enable you to detect aneuploidy?

A)autosomy
B)karyotyping
C)syngamy
D)synapsis

Question 28

The bulldog ant has a diploid number of two chromosomes.Therefore,following meiosis,each daughter cell will have a single chromosome.There is/are _____ different possible combination(s)of genes in the daughter cells of meiosis because _____.

A)one;there is only one chromosome per cell
B)two;there are two homologous chromosomes per cell prior to meiosis
C)more than 2;the two homologues cross over

Question 29

Which type of reproduction is associated with using the most necessary resources (e.g. ,the most nutrients or most energy)?

A)binary fission
B)asexual reproduction
C)budding
D)sexual reproduction

Question 30

The variation among offspring,and the fact that they are genetically different from their parents,is not due to which of the following?

A)random alignment of homologues during prophase I
B)crossing over
C)fertilization
D)random alignment of sister chromatids in metaphase II

Question 31

Genetic recombination takes place in which of the following processes?

A)prophase II of meiosis
B)alignment of tetrads in metaphase I
C)crossing over
D)random alignment of homologous chromosomes in meiosis I

Question 32

The diploid number of a roundworm species is 4.You have a male and a female roundworm that are planning a family.Assuming there is no crossover,and random segregation of homologues during meiosis,how many different possible combinations of chromosomes might there be in the offspring?

A)4
B)8
C)16
D)64

Question 33

Adaptation to a changing environment occurs most efficiently through which of the following processes?

A)mutation
B)asexual reproduction and genetic recombination
C)sexual reproduction

Question 34

Quaking aspen can send out underground stems for asexual reproduction.Sexual reproduction is not as common but when it does happen the haploid gametes have 19 chromosomes.How many chromosomes are in the cells of the underground stems?

A)9
B)10
C)19
D)38