Deck 17: The Market for Registered Nurses

Question 1

What are the benefits and cost of a comparable worth-based wage determination system.

Answer 1

The primary benefit is the removal of sex-based discrimination in wages.The cost is the effort put forth by watchdog groups and government officials to determine what comparable job activities are.The complexity of categorizing people would be tremendous,particularly if one were trying to establish a nationally applicable system affecting tens of thousands of jobs in hundreds of thousands of places.Further,these job evaluations would have to be updated as tasks and job conditions change.The implementation costs of such a system would be enormous,not only in terms of the time involved but also the cost of hiring the consultants and establishing job evaluation committees.An additional very large cost would result from the resolution of identified pay inequities that will be in the many billions of dollars.

Question 2

According to Gruber and Kleiner,in-hospital mortality due to a nurses' strike

A)Increased by 19%
B)Decreased by 19%
C)Increased by 6.5%
D)Decreased by 6.5%

Answer 2

A
Among 38,228 patients admitted during a strike,in-hospital mortality increased 19.4% and hospital readmission increased 6.5%.

Question 3

Dynamic shortages and static shortages occur in

A)The short-run
B)The long-run
C)Both a and b
D)Neither a nor b

Answer 3

A
Dynamic shortages can only exist in the short-run.In the long-run,these vacancies will eventually be filled.

Question 4

A decrease in the demand for nurses will lead to

A)An increase in wages in the short-run and an increase in the stock of nurses in the long-run
B)A decrease in wages in the short-run and an increase in the stock of nurses in the long-run
C)An increase in wages in the short-run and a decrease in the stock of nurses in the long-run
D)An decrease in wages in the short-run and an decrease in the stock of nurses in the long-run

Question 5

Immigrants constitute ______ of the growth in nurses between 2001 to 2008.

A)1/10
B)1/5
C)1/3
D)1/2

Question 6

Which of the following items has the smallest effect on the wage differential between men and women?

A)Years of experience
B)Years of tenure
C)Sex discrimination
D)Each of the above have the same effect on the wage differential

Question 7

Explain how allowing nurses to unionize can guard against hospitals keeping wages artificially low.

Question 8

The education requirements for a nurse are

A)Three-year nursing school program
B)Two-year associate program
C)Four-year baccalaureate program
D)All of the above

Question 9

As a result of the NTA,

A)Nursing enrollments and wages increased immediately
B)Nursing enrollments and wages did not increase until the late 1980s
C)Nursing enrollments increased immediately,but wages lagged
D)Nurses' wages increased immediately,but enrollment lagged

Question 10

Currently,the number of registered nurses

A)Exceeds 2 million
B)Is between 2 million and 1 million
C)Is between 1 million and 500,000
D)Less than 500,000

Question 11

Hospital diploma programs

A)Were used to ensure a supply of nurses
B)Have increased due to higher nurse mobility
C)Both a and b
D)Neither a nor b

Question 12

Hospital can keep nurses' wages artificially low through

A)Monopoly power
B)Oligopoly power
C)Monospony power
D)Oligospony power

Question 13

Explain why prior to 1966,the nursing market was experiencing a static shortage.

Question 14

The vacancy rate of nurses within hospitals was highest during

A)1958
B)1962
C)1967
D)1968

Question 15

An increase in the mandated nurse-hospital ratio will lead to

A)Better patient outcomes
B)Higher nurses' wages
C)Both a and b
D)Neither a nor b

Question 16

Explain why the ANA would support educational subsidies to attend nursing school.

Question 17

According to Buerhaus,et.al,there will be nurse shortage in the near future due to

A)Improve economic conditions
B)An aging of the nursing stock
C)Both a and b
D)Neither a nor b

Question 18

Explain how the introduction of Medicare resolved the issues of "static shortages" in nursing.

Question 19

An increase in the minimum required nurse ratio will cause

A)An increase in the wage of nurses and the supply curve to increase
B)An increase in the wage of nurses and the supply curve to decrease
C)A decrease in the wage of nurses and the demand curve to increase
D)An increase in both wages and demand for nurses

Question 20

Two broad purposes of the NTA were to

A)Increase nurses' pay and the nursing quality
B)Increase the number of nurses and the nursing quality
C)Increase the number of nurses and nurses' pay