Deck 11: Blood

Question 1

Which protein functions to break down clots after wounds heal?

A)plasmin
B)plasminogen
C)thrombin
D)fibrinogen

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Neutrophils engulf microbes by phagocytosis to fight an infection.Normally,they perform this function for some time but then die off.These dead cells and other foreign materials form pus.What cells then clean up all the dead neutrophils?

A)macrophages
B)more neutrophils
C)T lymphocytes
D)eosinophils

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which of these leukocytes are the most abundant and begin to phagocytize pathogens to reduce the spread of infection?

A)eosinophils
B)monocytes
C)basophils
D)neutrophils

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Infectious mononucleosis is caused by ________.

A)pernicious anemia
B)Epstein Barr virus
C)lead poisoning
D)blood doping

Question 5

Which of these white blood cells gives rise to plasma cells,which can then produce antibodies?

A)T lymphocytes
B)monocytes
C)eosinophils
D)B lymphocytes

Question 6

Sometimes the immune system overreacts from exposure to a normally harmless thing like cat hair.Subsequent exposure to this allergen elicits a massive inflammatory response.Because the chemical histamine is the cause of this inflammation,what cell type is most likely behind the problem?

A)neutrophils
B)basophils
C)lymphocytes
D)monocytes

Question 7

Polycythemia is a disease characterized by an abnormally high number of red blood cells.This makes the blood thick,hard to pump,and tends to clog up the vascular system.Athletes sometimes try to mimic this by an illegal practice in an attempt to boost oxygen delivery.This practice is called ________.

A)blood doping
B)leukemia
C)bloodletting
D)bone marrow transplant

Question 8

Alberto had a bad bump on his leg so went to see the doctor about it.The physician said that blood clots can float away into the circulation.One of these floaters is called a (an)________.

A)prothrombin
B)formed element
C)platelet plug
D)embolus

Question 9

The liquid portion of the blood that consists of about 55% of the total volume of blood is referred to as ________.

A)stem cells
B)distilled water
C)plasma
D)platelets

Question 10

Which protein transports oxygen in the blood stream?

A)plasminogen
B)hemoglobin
C)erythropoietin
D)thrombin

Question 11

George is stuck out in the hot,dry desert without any water and he is sweating a lot.Which of these components of the blood should decrease?

A)glucose
B)red blood cells
C)platelets
D)plasma

Question 12

A doctor is treating a patient with some form of anemia.First,they try to give the patient extra vitamins that contain iron,with no effect.There is no evidence of lead poisoning.The doctor tries an injection of vitamin B₁₂,and the anemia is under control.What type of anemia did the patient have?

A)iron deficiency
B)sickle cell
C)pernicious
D)hemorrhagic

Question 13

Which of the following is a genetic disorder in which a person bleeds excessively because they have a faulty gene for a clotting factor?

A)cri-du-chat
B)Down syndrome
C)hemophilia
D)color blindness

Question 14

To which of the following substances does hemoglobin most readily bind?

A)oxygen
B)bilirubin
C)carbon monoxide
D)erythropoietin

Question 15

Activated thrombin makes this protein change.

A)fibrinogen
B)plasminogen
C)plasmin
D)prothrombin

Question 16

Some of these blood proteins are antibodies.

A)albumins
B)fibrins
C)glucoses
D)globulins

Question 17

Which of these conditions is a cancer of the blood cells that causes uncontrolled division of white blood cells,causing the number of cells to greatly increase?

A)mononucleosis
B)leukemia
C)anemia
D)sickle cell anemia

Question 18

If a person were to receive such a high dose of radiation that all of the cells were to die in this area,anemia would develop.That place is the ________.

A)red bone marrow
B)yellow bone marrow.
C)thymus
D)lymph nodes

Question 19

Which of these is part of the defense against parasites,such as tapeworms and hookworms,that have invaded the body?

A)neutrophils
B)lymphocytes
C)eosinophils
D)monocytes

Question 20

Stan,a champion athlete,sleeps up in the mountains at 10,000 feet every night to increase his red blood cell count for better athletic performance.Which hormone increases to make that possible?

A)hemoglobin
B)erythropoietin
C)Rh factor
D)progesterone

Question 21

If someone were to lose the ability to make blood cells,they might need a transplant of the porous connective tissue known as ________ from a close relative.

Question 22

Neonatal jaundice is caused when a baby is born and the liver is not working fully to remove a particular waste product.Treatment involves placing the infant under a blue light,which reacts with the waste product and converts it to a form that the kidney can excrete.What is this waste product called?

A)hemoglobin
B)erythropoietin
C)oxyhemoglobin
D)bilirubin

Question 23

Long protein strands that form a web that traps blood cells and platelets to form a clot are called ________.

Question 24

Coumadin is a drug that interferes with the action of vitamin K in the liver.What effect will Coumadin have on blood clotting mechanisms?

A)It will make it necessary to eat extra leafy green vegetables.
B)Vitamin K will not be absorbed from the digestive tract.
C)The liver will not be able to produce needed clotting factors.
D)Nothing, because vitamin K is not necessary for blood clotting.

Question 25

Platelets are formed by breaking off fragments from large cells called ________.

Question 26

Plasma ________ make up about 7% of the plasma and help balance water flow between the blood and the tissues.

Question 27

Prothrombin is converted to ________ during the clotting process.

Question 28

A child has a bicycle accident and is rushed to the ER.The doctors stop the bleeding but the child needs a transfusion.Fortunately,the patient is AB positive so the doctors can give him ________.

A)AB negative or positive only
B)any blood type
C)O positive only
D)O negative only

Question 29

If a person cannot make enough of the plasma protein ________,then they might have problems with water balance.

Question 30

________ is the process whereby cells engulf pathogens and foreign substances.

Question 31

The ________,or thrombocytes,play a vital role in clotting.

Question 32

An embolus could block blood flow to the ________ resulting in a myocardial infarction or it may block blood in the ________ and cause a stroke.

A)brain; heart
B)heart; kidney
C)heart; brain
D)brain; kidney
E)liver; kidney

Question 33

________ is the group of white blood cells that lacks visible granules in the cytoplasm.Included in this group are monocytes and lymphocytes.

Question 34

White blood cells are different from red blood cells because mature red blood cells lack a (an)________.

Question 35

A diet very low in iron may mean that a person cannot make the formed elements called ________.

Question 36

________ are large cells that clean up debris and destroy bacteria by phagocytosis.

Question 37

The granulocytes are white blood cells that include ________,________,and ________.

Question 38

Clots are dissolved by an enzyme called ________ after the wound has healed.

Question 39

A mother brings a child into the ER with a severe nosebleed that won't stop bleeding.She also tells the doctors that the child bruises very easily in response to very minor accidents.Given the information in the text,the doctor orders some tests and finds that the young boy has ________.

A)anemia
B)hemophilia
C)blood that is Rh negative while the mother is Rh positive
D)leukemia

Question 40

An Rh-negative mother will need a special treatment if she gives birth to an Rh-positive baby.The treatment involves the destruction of any stray blood cells from the baby that pass into the mother's bloodstream.Why is this necessary?

A)The mother's immune system will attack the Rh-positive cells and produce antibodies that will attack a fetus in a subsequent pregnancy.
B)The mother's immune system will attack her own blood cells and the cells in the fetus of a subsequent pregnancy.
C)To prevent the mother's immune system from attacking only her own blood cells.
D)To prevent antibodies from being formed in breast milk, which could harm the baby.

Question 41

TPA,or tissue plasminogen activator,is a compound sometimes given to a person suffering from a heart attack.Why would a compound that apparently activates plasminogen be useful in treating a heart attack?

Question 42

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)White blood cells
B)Basophils
C)Formed elements
D)Red blood cells
E)Plasma
F)Plasmin
G)Stem cells
H)Granulocytes
I)Platelets
J)Agranulocytes
Undifferentiated cells that divide and give rise to all formed elements.

Question 43

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)White blood cells
B)Basophils
C)Formed elements
D)Red blood cells
E)Plasma
F)Plasmin
G)Stem cells
H)Granulocytes
I)Platelets
J)Agranulocytes
A group of white blood cells that lacks granules.

Question 44

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)White blood cells
B)Basophils
C)Formed elements
D)Red blood cells
E)Plasma
F)Plasmin
G)Stem cells
H)Granulocytes
I)Platelets
J)Agranulocytes
Cells that stain purple and release histamine.

Question 45

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)White blood cells
B)Basophils
C)Formed elements
D)Red blood cells
E)Plasma
F)Plasmin
G)Stem cells
H)Granulocytes
I)Platelets
J)Agranulocytes
The fluid that makes up little over half of blood.

Question 46

Emery was in a serious accident and had to have a large part of his stomach surgically removed.He needed a transfusion at first but soon he healed.However,after his recovery,he started having anemia.Why did he develop anemia and how can this form of anemia be treated?

Question 47

Explain why someone with blood type O negative is called the universal donor.

Question 48

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)White blood cells
B)Basophils
C)Formed elements
D)Red blood cells
E)Plasma
F)Plasmin
G)Stem cells
H)Granulocytes
I)Platelets
J)Agranulocytes
Without these cells,you couldn't provide your tissues with oxygen.

Question 49

Explain the steps involved in the clotting process.

Question 50

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)White blood cells
B)Basophils
C)Formed elements
D)Red blood cells
E)Plasma
F)Plasmin
G)Stem cells
H)Granulocytes
I)Platelets
J)Agranulocytes
These come from megakaryocytes.

Question 51

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)White blood cells
B)Basophils
C)Formed elements
D)Red blood cells
E)Plasma
F)Plasmin
G)Stem cells
H)Granulocytes
I)Platelets
J)Agranulocytes
he platelets,white blood cells,and red blood cells in the blood.

Question 52

Explain the ABO blood system and why is it important to fully understand this system when receiving blood transfusions.

Question 53

The number of people in the general population with type AB blood is relatively small.That is fortunate because these people make the least useful donors.Why would that be the case?

Question 54

An Rh-positive baby can cause the mother to produce antibodies against the Rh antigen if she happens to be Rh negative.When is this a problem?

Question 55

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)White blood cells
B)Basophils
C)Formed elements
D)Red blood cells
E)Plasma
F)Plasmin
G)Stem cells
H)Granulocytes
I)Platelets
J)Agranulocytes
This enzyme digests fibrin.

Question 56

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)White blood cells
B)Basophils
C)Formed elements
D)Red blood cells
E)Plasma
F)Plasmin
G)Stem cells
H)Granulocytes
I)Platelets
J)Agranulocytes
Leukocytes that contain granules in the cytoplasm that function to destroy invading bacteria or other pathogens.

Question 57

How are the red blood cells produced in the body and what might stimulate this process?

Question 58

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)White blood cells
B)Basophils
C)Formed elements
D)Red blood cells
E)Plasma
F)Plasmin
G)Stem cells
H)Granulocytes
I)Platelets
J)Agranulocytes
Blood cells that remove wastes,toxins,or damaged cells from the body.

Question 59

A group of teenagers decided to use Zack's old clunker to ride to a party on a cold winter night.The old auto had a failing engine and was also very noisy because the exhaust system was rusting out.While they were at the event,a heavy snowstorm dropped three feet of snow over the countryside with drifts quite a bit higher.As Zack rounded a curve late that night,he apparently skidded on some black ice and plowed into a high drift.Unable to get the car out of the drift,they decided to spend the rest of the night in the car with the engine running to stay warm.The next morning,they were all found dead without a mark of violence on them.What happened?